122 resultados para Oleo de linhaça
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A linhaça é a semente da planta do linho (Linum usitatissimum L.), uma espécie polimorfa originária do linho, sendo considerada uma das 6 plantas atualmente reconhecidas pelo Instituto Nacional do Câncer dos Estados Unidos (US National Cancer Institute - NCI) por suas propriedades específicas no combate ao câncer. Parte desse reconhecimento deve-se a notável característica de ser a fonte mais rica de precursores de lignina (esteróide vegetal de ação análoga ao estrógeno de mamíferos) na dieta humana. A variedade utilizada neste trabalho foi a “Linseed” de cor marrom e o objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar a fluidodinâmica dessa partícula em leito de jorro, estabelecida pelas medidas de tomadas de queda de pressão no leito a partir das deflexões em relação às velocidades de ar crescente e decrescente, obtendo assim informações para a determinação de parâmetros correlacionados ao processo, como: velocidade de mínimo jorro, queda de pressão máxima, queda de pressão no jorro estável e queda de pressão no mínimo jorro. Estes valores foram comparados aos correspondentes valores obtidos por equações empíricas citadas na literatura. Foi também avaliado o comportamento da secagem da matéria prima, mediante um planejamento estatístico 22, tendo com as variáveis de entrada temperatura do gás (Tg) e o tempo de operação (t), para a quantificação das variáveis de resposta razão de umidade (Xr, adim.), germinação (G, %) e o índice de velocidade de germinação (IVG, t-1) e analisadas estatisticamente pelo planejamento fatorial completo com três repetições no ponto central. A cinética de secagem das sementes de linhaça, previamente umidificadas, foi realizada nas temperaturas de 45, 55 e 65 °C, e dentre os três modelos propostos, o modelo de Midilli et al., foi que melhor descreveu aos dados experimentais. Para os parâmetros fluidodinâmicos observou-se que a correlação de Gorshtein e Mukhlenov (1965) apresentou os menores desvios para queda e pressão de mínimo jorro e jorro estável, Abdelrazek (1969) apresentou o menor desvio para a velocidade no mínimo jorro e Pallai e Németh (1969) descreveu adequadamente a queda de pressão máxima. Foi observado que a carga de sementes e a temperatura exerceram influência significativa nos parâmetros fluidodinâmicos em leito de jorro. Com base na análise do planejamento estatístico proposto pode-se concluir que os parâmetros de entrada temperatura do gás e tempo de operação exerceram influência significativa sobre todas as variáveis de resposta, sendo observada influência quadrática das variáveis de entrada ao se observar a significância da curvatura sobre os parâmetros: Razão de umidade, Germinação e Índice de Velocidade de Germinação, propondo-se modelos representativos destes parâmetros com a presença da curvatura, apresentando um coeficiente de determinação (R2) superior a 99 %.
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The objective of this study was to evaluate the supplementation of linseed as an omega-3 fatty acid supplier on the functional capacity of jumping horses. 6 horses disposed in two 3 x 3 balanced Latin squares were used. The treatments consisted of increasing levels of linseed mixed with flour and linseed oil in a ratio of 75:25, respectively, resulting in 0g (control), 60g and 120g on a daily basis per horse. The horses were supplemented for 30 days. Physical activity was jumping at riding class level. The functional parameters measured were lameness index, stride length and joint metacarpophalangeal (MCP) biometry (circumference and flexion angle). A significant linseed supplementation effect for doses of 60 and 120g was observed on the lameness index. Feeding 120g of linseed increased stride length while trotting (P<0.05). An increment of 0.5cm on MCP circumference was found in horses that received the control diet when compared to those horses that consumed 120g of linseed. Thus, supplementation of jumping horses with 120g/day of linseed promoted greater stride length at a trot and reduced swelling in the metacarpophalangeal joint, improving their functional capabilities.
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Pós-graduação em Zootecnia - FCAV
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Pós-graduação em Zootecnia - FMVZ
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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)
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Pós-graduação em Zootecnia - FCAV
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Pós-graduação em Zootecnia - FCAV
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
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Linseed is an important oilseed consumed raw as nutritional supplement, that although represents a rich source of nutrients, its nutritional value could be impaired due to the presence of antinutritional factors. In this study, protein fractions from raw linseed flour were extracted and isolated being obtained 12% of albumins, 82% of globulins, 5% of glutelins and 1% of prolamins. These proteins were visualized by SDS-PAGE and albumins showed low molecular mass protein bands around 21 kDa and minor bands, similar to that of trypsin inhibitor; Globulins presented protein bands with high molecular masses, which possibly are constituents of multimeric proteins, such as legumins. After determination of the centesimal composition of raw linseed, it was used as exclusive protein source for young rats to evaluate its effect on animal growth. The results showed negative effects on rat growth (weight gain 73% less than the control group) and reduction of intestinal villus (35%), that could be related with in vitro and in vivo globulin digestibility and proteinaceous antinutritional factors (mammalian digestive enzymes inhibitors and lectins) in albumin fraction. Native globulins showed, by SDS-PAGE, low susceptibility in vitro to trypsin and chymotrypsin, however presented high degradation by pancreatin. Thermal treatment of globulins for 5 and 15 minutes at 100ºC improved considerably its digestibility by trypsin and pancreatin. Globulins presented 93.2% in vivo digestibility, similar to the control protein. Albumin fraction had high trypsin inhibition activity (100%) and chymotrypsin inhibition of 28.3%; haemagglutinating activity was not detected. The results of this study indicate the negative action of trypsin inhibitors on animal growth, but can not be discarded its combined action with other antinutritional factors, which could compromise the raw linseed utilization as an alternative food
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Linseed is an important oilseed consumed raw as nutritional supplement, that although represents a rich source of nutrients, its nutritional value could be impaired due to the presence of antinutritional factors. In this study, protein fractions from raw linseed flour were extracted and isolated being obtained 12% of albumins, 82% of globulins, 5% of glutelins and 1% of prolamins. These proteins were visualized by SDS-PAGE and albumins showed low molecular mass protein bands around 21 kDa and minor bands, similar to that of trypsin inhibitor; Globulins presented protein bands with high molecular masses, which possibly are constituents of multimeric proteins, such as legumins. After determination of the centesimal composition of raw linseed, it was used as exclusive protein source for young rats to evaluate its effect on animal growth. The results showed negative effects on rat growth (weight gain 73% less than the control group) and reduction of intestinal villus (35%), that could be related with in vitro and in vivo globulin digestibility and proteinaceous antinutritional factors (mammalian digestive enzymes inhibitors and lectins) in albumin fraction. Native globulins showed, by SDS-PAGE, low susceptibility in vitro to trypsin and chymotrypsin, however presented high degradation by pancreatin. Thermal treatment of globulins for 5 and 15 minutes at 100ºC improved considerably its digestibility by trypsin and pancreatin. Globulins presented 93.2% in vivo digestibility, similar to the control protein. Albumin fraction had high trypsin inhibition activity (100%) and chymotrypsin inhibition of 28.3%; haemagglutinating activity was not detected. The results of this study indicate the negative action of trypsin inhibitors on animal growth, but can not be discarded its combined action with other antinutritional factors, which could compromise the raw linseed utilization as an alternative food
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The oil obtained from Brazilian roasted coffee by supercritical CO2 extraction shows considerable aromatic properties, mainly composed by five aromatic compounds, 2-methylpyrazine; 2-furfurylalcohol, 2,5-dimethylpyrazine; γ-butyrolactone and 2-furfurylacetate. Sensory analyses were used to verify the influence of a mixture of these important classes of aromatic coffee compounds (pyrazines, furans and lactones) and of the roasted coffee aromatic oil on the coffee aroma and flavour of black instant freeze and spray-dried coffee beverages. In the acceptance evaluation of the aroma, the samples prepared with freeze-dried instant coffee without the mixture of volatile compounds (sample 4) were not significantly different from the freeze-dried instant coffee in which the aromatic coffee oil was added (sample 5) and from the sample prepared with freeze-dried coffee in which the mixture of the five volatile was added (sample 3), coincidentally from the same drying process. Therefore, sample (3) did not differ from samples prepared with spray dried instant coffee without (sample 1) and to which (sample 2) the mixture of volatile was added. Therefore, with respect to this attribute, the addition of this mixture did not interfere in this drink acceptance. Taking into consideration the flavor, samples prepared with freeze-dried instant coffee in which the aromatic coffee oil was added (5) and the samples with (3) and without (4) the mixture of the five volatile was added did not differ significantly, however sample (4) did not differ from samples (1) and (2). Regarding this attribute, the addition of the aromatic oil of roasted coffee or a mixture of volatile in samples of freeze-dried instant coffee had a better acceptance than those dried by spray dryer (1) and (2). Thus, the enrichment of drinks with the aromatic oil of roasted coffee, or even with the mixture of the five components did not influence the consumer acceptance with respect to the aroma, but exerts influence with respect to flavour.
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Copaifera species (Leguminoseae) are popularly known as ""copaiba"" or ""copaiva"". The oleoresins obtained from the trunk of these species have been extensively used in folk medicine and are commercialized in Brazil as crude oil and in several pharmaceutical and cosmetic products. This work reports a complete validated method for the quantification of beta-caryophyllene, alpha-copaene, and alpha-humulene in distinct copaiba oleoresins available commercially. Thus, essential oil samples (100 mu L) were dissolved in 20 mL of hexanes containing internal standard (1,2,4,5-tetramethylbenzene, 3.0 mM) in a 25 mL glass flask. A 1 mu L aliquot was injected into the GC-FID system. A fused-silica capillary column HP-5, coated with 5% phenylmethylsiloxane was used for this study. The developed method gave a good detection response with linearity in the range of 0.10-18.74 mM. Limits of detection and quantitation variety ranged between 0.003 and 0.091 mM. beta-Caryophyllene, alpha-copaene, and alpha-humulene were recovered in a range from 74.71% to 88.31%, displaying RSD lower than 10% and relative errors between -11.69% and -25.30%. Therefore, this method could be considered as an analytical tool for the quality control of different Copaifera oil samples and its products in both cosmetic and pharmaceutical companies. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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Fez-se um estudo descritivo, retrospectivo do Perfil Sócio-Econômico da População que demanda Assistência Médico-Hospitalar em uma Região do Nordeste do Estado de São Paulo (Brasil), comparando-se os resultados de pesquisas anteriores. Foram estudados 126.297 egressos de 25 hospitais gerais da Região em 1988, segundo sexo, grupo etário, local de residência, fonte de financiamento e coeficiente de internação. Os resultados mostraram que a distribuição da demanda segundo sexo e idade é semelhante à conhecida na literatura. Sugere-se que a regionalização da assistência, apesar dos planos e da legislação pertinente, é insatisfatória e fortemente influenciada pela presença de grandes centros urbanos e pelo desenvolvimento socioeconômico. Há participação de várias modalidades de financiamento e diminuição da participação dos órgãos oficiais ao longo do tempo. A região estudada apresentou elevado coeficiente de internação aliado à baixa utilização de leitos hospitalares.
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Mestrado em Higiene e Segurança no Trabalho.
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Assim em resumo pensamos que a hipersensibilidade na infeção tuberculosa é a expressão duma reação celular, autonoma e individual, consequente á agressão brusca e á destruição (dijestão) incompleta dos toxicos bacilares (proteinas, globulinas e lipoides), em combinação intima ou isoladamente; a adição aos toxicos bacilares de lipoides diversos (cholesterina, lecitina, esters) e principios mal definidos existentes no oleo de figado de bacalhau, atenua a sua função hipersensibilidade porque torna esses toxicos mais facilmente incorporaveis á celula sensivel por adsorpção da substancia toxica ao lipoide. Esses corpos penetram assim no interior das celulas levando comsigo ativadores dos processos enzimaticos que não so favorecem uma elaboração dijestiva mais perfeita como ainda uma melhor produção de anticorpos. O aparecimento de pequenas modalidades reacionarias no decurso duma immunisação ativa contra os antijenos saturados por lipoides mostra a necessidade dum processo de desintegração para que a função toxica se manifeste.