Family of Mixed-Valence Oxovanadium(IV/V) Dinuclear Entities Incorporating N4O3-Coordinating Heptadentate Ligands: Synthesis, Structure, and EPR Spectra

Dinuclear ((VVV)-V-IV) oxophenoxovanadates of general formula [V2O3L] have been synthesized in excellent yields by reacting bis(acetylacetonato)oxovanadium(IV) with H3L in a 2:1 ratio in acetone under an N-2 atmosphere. Here L3- is the deprotonated form of 2,6-bis[{{(2-hydroxybenzyl)(N',N'-(dimethylamino)ethyl)}amino}methyl]-4-methylphenol (H3L1), 2,6-bis[{{(5-methyl-2-hydroxybenzyl)(N',N'-(dimethylamino)ethyl)}amino}methyl]-4-methylphenol (H3L2) 2,6-bis[ {{(5-tert-butyl-2-hydroxybenzyl)(N',N'-(dimethylamino)ethyl)}amino}methyl]-4-methylphenoI (H3L3), 2,6-bis[{{(5-chloro-2-hydroxybenzyl)(N',N'-(dimethylamino)ethyl)}amino}methyl]-4-methylphenol (H3L4) , 2,6-bis[{{(5-bromo-2-hydroxybenzyl)(N',N'-(dimethylamino)ethyl)}amino}methyl]-4-methylphenol (H3L5), or 2,6-bis[{{(5-methoxy-2-hydroxybenzyl)(N',N'-(dimethylamino)ethyl)}amino}methyl]-4-methylphenol (H3L6). In [V2O3L1], both the metal atoms have distorted octahedral geometry. The relative disposition of two terminal V=O groups in the complex is essentially cis. The O=V...V=O torsion angle is 24.6(2)degrees. The V-O-oxo-V and V-O-phenoxo-V angles are 117.5(4) and 93.4(3)degrees, respectively. The V...V bond distance is 3.173(5) Angstrom. X-ray crystallography, IR, UV-vis, and H-1 and V-51 NMR measurements show that the mixed-valence complexes contain two indistinguishable vanadium atoms (type 111). The thermal ellipsoids of O2, O4, C10, C14, and C15 also suggests a type III complex in the solid state. EPR spectra of solid complexes at 77 K display a single line indicating the localization of the odd electron (3d(xy)(1)). Valence localization at 77 K is also consistent with the V-51 hyperfine structure of the axial EPR spectra (3d(xy)(1) ground state) of the complexes in frozen (77 K) dichloromethane solution: S = 1/2, g(parallel to) similar to 1.94, g(perpendicular to) similar to 1.98, A(parallel to) similar to 166 x 10(-4) cm(-1), and A(perpendicular to) similar to 68 x 10(-4) cm(-1). In contrast isotropic room-temperature solution spectra of the family have 15 hyperfine lines (g(iso) similar to 1.974 and A(iso) similar to 50 x 10(-4) cm(-1)) revealing that the unpaired electron is delocalized between the metal centers. Crystal data for the [V2O3L1].CH2Cl2 complex are as follows: chemical formula, C32H43O6N4C12V2; crystal system, monoclinic; space group, C2/c; a = 18.461(4), b = 17.230(3), c = 13.700(3) Angstrom; beta = 117.88(3)degrees; Z = 8.

Raman spectra of ferro-electric crystals Part IV. Lithium hydrazinium sulphate (LiN2H5SO4)

The Raman spectrum of lithium hydrazinium sulphate has been recorded both in the single crystal form and in aqueous solutions. The crystal exhibits thirty-eight Raman lines having the frequency shifts 52, 70, 104, 146, 174, 220, 260, 302, 350, 454, 470, 610, 630, 715, 977, 1094, 1115, 1132, 1177, 1191, 1260, 1444, 1493, 1577, 1630, 1670, 2205, 2484, 2553, 2655, 2734, 2848, 2894, 2939, 3028, 3132, 3290 and 3330 cm.−1 The aqueous solution gave rise to six Raman lines at 452, 980, 1050–1200, 1260, 1425 and 1570 cm.−1 apart from a maximum at 180 cm.−1 in the ‘wing’ accompanying the Rayleigh line. The observed Raman lines have been assigned as arising from the vibrations of the SO4 ion, N2H5+ ion, Li-O4 group, hydrogen bond and the lattice. The influence of the hydrogen bond on the N-H stretching vibrations has been pointed out. The various features of the observed spectrum strongly support the hypothesis that the NH3 group in the crystal is rotating around the N-N axis at room temperature.

A comparative study of the magnetic and electrical properties of perovskite oxides and the corresponding two-dimensional oxides of K2NiF4

Electrical and magnetic properties of several oxide systems of K2NiF4 structure have been compared to those of the corresponding perovskites. Members of the La1−xSr1+xCoO4 system are all semiconductors with a high activation energy for conduction unlike La1−xSrxCoO3 (x ≥ 0.3) which is metallic; the latter oxides are ferromagnetic. La0.5Sr1.5CoO4 shows a magnetization of 0.5 μB at 0 K (compared to 1.5 μB of La0.5Sr0.5CoO3), but the high-temperature susceptibilities of the two systems are comparable. In SrO · (La0.5Sr0.5MnO3)n, both magnetization and electrical conductivity increase with the increase in n approaching the value of the perovskite La0.5Sr0.5MnO3. LaSrMn0.5Ni0.5(Co0.5)O4 shows no evidence of long-range ferromagnetic ordering unlike the perovskite LaMn0.5Ni0.5(Co0.5)O3; high-temperature susceptibility behavior of these two insulating systems is, however, similar. LaSr1−xBaxNiO4 exhibits high electrical resistivity with the resistivity increasing proportionately with the magnetic susceptibility (note that LaNiO3 is a Pauli-paramagnetic metal). High-temperature susceptibility of LaSrNiO4 and LaNiO3 are comparable. Susceptibility measurements show no evidence for long-range ordering in LaSrFe1−xNixO4 unlike in LaFe1−xNixO3 (x ≤ 0.35) and the electrical resistivity of the former is considerably higher. Electrical resistivity of Sr2RuO4 is more than an order of magnitude higher than that of SrRuO3. Some generalizations of the properties of two- and three-dimensional oxide systems have emerged from these experimental observations.

Computer modelling studies on the mechanism of action of ribonuclease T1

The mechanism of action of ribonuclease (RNase) T1 is still a matter of considerable debate as the results of x-ray, 2-D nmr and site-directed mutagenesis studies disagree regarding the role of the catalytically important residues. Hence computer modelling studies were carried out by energy minimisation of the complexes of RNase T1 and some of its mutants (His40Ala, His40Lys, and Glu58Ala) with the substrate guanyl cytosine (GpC), and of native RNase T1 with the reaction intermediate guanosine 2',3'-cyclic phosphate (G greater than p). The puckering of the guanosine ribose moiety in the minimum energy conformer of the RNase T1-GpC (substrate) complex was found to be O4'-endo and not C3'-endo as in the RNase T1-3'-guanylic acid (inhibitor/product) complex. A possible scheme for the mechanism of action of RNase T1 has been proposed on the basis of the arrangement of the catalytically important amino acid residues His40, Glu58, Arg77, and His92 around the guanosine ribose and the phosphate moiety in the RNase T1-GpC and RNase T1-G greater than p complexes. In this scheme, Glu58 serves as the general base group and His92 as the general acid group in the transphosphorylation step. His40 may be essential for stabilising the negatively charged phosphate moiety in the enzyme-transition state complex.

Potentiometric determination of activities in the two-phase fields of the system Na2O---(α)Al2O3

Three compounds have been found to be stable in the pseudobinary system Na2O---(α)Al2O3 between 825 and 1400 K; two nonstoichiometric phases, β-alumina and β″-alumina, and NaAlO2. The homogeneity of β-alumina ranges from 9.5 to 11 mol% Na2O, while that of β″-alumina from 13.3 to 15.9 mol% Na2O at 1173 K. The activity of Na2O in the two-phase fields has been determined by a solid-state potentiometric technique. Since both β- and β″-alumina are fast sodium ion conductors, biphasic solid electrolyte tubes were used in these electrochemical measurements. The open circuit emf of the following cells were measured from 790 to 980 K: [GRAPHICS] The partial molar Gibbs' energy of Na2O relative to gamma-Na2O in the two-phase regions can be represented as: DELTA-GBAR(Na2O)(alpha- + beta-alumina) = -270,900 + 24.03 T, DELTA-GBAR(Na2O)(beta- + beta"-alumina) = -232,700 + 56.19 T, and DELTA-GBAR(Na2O)(beta"-alumina + NaAlO2) = -13,100 - 4.51 T J mol-1. Similar galvanic cells using a Au-Na alloy and a mixture of Co + CoAl(2+2x)O4+3x + (alpha)Al2O3 as electrodes were used at 1400 K. Thermodynamic data obtained in these studies are used to evaluate phase relations and partial pressure of sodium in the Na2O-(alpha) Al2O3 system as a function of oxygen partial pressure, composition and temperature.

Stereochemistry of 2'-5' linked nucleic acids: crystal and molecular structure of ammonium adenylyl-2',5'-adenosine tetrahydrate: a core fragment of 2'-5' oligo A's produced by interferon induced adenylate synthetase

The preponderance of 3'-5' phosphodiester links in nucleic acids is well known. Albeit less prevalent, the 2'-5' links are specifically utilised in the formation of 'lariat' in group II introns and in the msDNA-RNA junction in myxobacterium. As a sequel to our earlier study on cytidylyl-2',5'-adenosine we have now obtained the crystal structure of adenylyl-2',5'-adenosine (A2'p5'A) at atomic resolution. This dinucleoside monophosphate crystallizes in the orthorhombic space group P2(1)2(1)2(1) with a = 7.956(3) A, b = 12.212(3) A and c = 36.654(3) A. CuK alpha intensity data were collected on a diffractometer. The structure was sloved by direct methods and refined by full matrix least squares methods to R = 10.8%. The 2' terminal adenine is in the commonly observed anti (chi 2 = 161 degrees) conformation and the 5' terminal base has a syn (chi 1 = 55 degrees) conformation more often seen in purine nucleotides. A noteworthy feature of A2'p5'A is the intranucleotide hydrogen bond between N3 and O5' atoms of the 5' adenine base. The two furanose rings in A2'p5'A show different conformations - C2' endo, C3' endo puckering for the 5' and 2' ends respectively. In this structure too there is a stacking of the purine base on the ribose O4' just as in other 2'-5' dinucleoside structures, a feature characteristically seen in the left handed Z DNA. In having syn, anti conformation about the glycosyl bonds, C2' endo, C3' endo mixed sugar puckering and N3-O5' intramolecular hydrogen bond A2'p5'A resembles its 3'-5' analogue and several other 2'-5' dinucleoside monophosphate structures solved so far. Striking similarities between the 2'-5' dinucleoside monophosphate structures suggest that the conformation of the 5'-end nucleoside dictates the conformation of the 2' end nucleoside. Also, the 2'-5' dimers do not favour formation of miniature classical double helical structures like the 3'-5' dimers. It is conceivable, 2-5(A) could be using the stereochemical features of A2'p5'A which accounts for its higher activity.

Effect of Sm3+-Gd3+ on structural, electrical and magnetic properties of Mn-Zn ferrites synthesized via combustion route

Nanocrystalline Mn0.4Zn0.6SmxGdyFe2-(x+y)O4 (x = y = 0.01, 0.02, 0.03, 0.04 and 0.05) were synthesized by combustion route. The detailed structural studies were carried out through X-ray diffractometer (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The results confirms the formation of mixed spine phase with cubic structure due to the distortion created with co-dopants substitution at Fe site in Mn-Zn ferrite lattice. Further, the crystallite size increases with an increase of Sm3+-Gd3+ ions concentration while lattice parameter and lattice strain decreases. Furthermore, the effect of Sm-Gd co-doping in Mn-Zn ferrite on the room temperature electrical (dielectric studies) studies were carried out in the wide frequency range 1 GHz-5 GHz. The magnetic studies were carried out using vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) under applied magnetic field of 1.5T and also room temperature electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectra's were recorded. From the results of dielectric studies, it shows that the real and imaginary part of permittivities are increasing with variation of Gd3+ and Sm3+ concentration. The magnetic studies reveal the decrease of remnant, saturation magnetization and coercivity with increasing of Sm3+-Gd3+ ion concentration. The g-value, peak-to-peak line width and spin concentration evaluated from EPR spectra correlated with cations occupancy. The electromagnetic properties clearly indicate that these materials are the good candidates which are useful at L and C band frequency. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Respuesta a la sequía de Pinus radiata D. Don y su implicación en los procesos de tolerancia

160 p. (Bibliogr. 141-160)

SOTRAFA, S.A. Plan de Marketing

Esto es un Trabajo de Fin de Grado en el que se realizará un plan de marketing para la empresa SOTRAFA, S.A. Haremos un análisis externo e interno para ver sus amenazas, oportunidades, fortalezas y debilidades y así poder fijar con criterio unos objetivos. Una vez claros los objetivos, redactaremos unas estrategias y los planes de acción a realizar en el plazo de un año. SOTRAFA, S.A es una empresa fabricante de láminas de polietileno, perteneciente al grupo Armando Álvarez, líder transformando film de polietileno en el mercado español, concretamente en la zona de Andalucía. La empresa ofrece productos para el cultivo intensivo, muy extendido en la zona sur de España. Su ventaja competitiva puede basarse en la calidad de sus productos y en estar siempre a la vanguardia de las nuevas tecnologías en lo relativo a su sector. Tras el análisis previamente realizado, hemos sacado las siguientes conclusiones: - Amenazas A1: Aumento de la competencia A2: Volatilidad del precio de la materia prima A3: Costes energéticos para la transformación A4: Plástico y percepción medioambiental: residuos plásticos A5: Riesgo cambio de divisa A6: Formación de cooperativas para aumentar el poder de negociación - Oportunidades O1: Aumento de demanda de productos ecológicos, sin tratamientos químicos O2: Inclemencias meteorológicas por el cambio climático: protección de cultivos frente a la agresividad del viento, granizo y fuerte lluvia. O3: Demanda creciente para incrementar cosechas O4: Restricciones legales sobre pesticidas: los plásticos reducen la dosificación de tratamientos. O5: Aumento de la población, por ende, mayor demanda - Debilidades D1: Debido a su posicionamiento, los precios de los productos son más elevados que los de la competencia, esto en épocas de crisis puede perjudicarnos ya que los clientes pueden renuncia a calidad por ahorro en costes. D2: Poco poder de negociación con los proveedores de materias primas D3: Ausencia de plan de marketing definido D4: Poca presencia en el mundo online - Fortalezas F1: Empresa grande, por lo tanto gran poder de negociación con los clientes F2: Gran calidad de sus productos F3: Líder en el mercado nacional F4: La empresa se financia con recursos propios o con los de su matriz F5: Compromiso con el cliente F6: Manejo eficiente de los recursos hídricos. Una vez analizadas sus fortalezas, debilidades, oportunidades y amenazas, fijaremos los objetivos y las acciones a realizar: 1. Aumentar las ventas Para conseguir que nuestras ventas se vean incrementadas, lanzaremos un nuevo producto al mercado. El plástico destinado a la desinfección del terreno, viene a cubrir una necesidad del mundo agrícola. Hasta ahora, esta labor de limpieza se hacía mediante elementos químicos. La normativa medioambiental ha prohibido su uso, por lo que hay que recurrir a otros métodos. Nuestro plástico ofrece una solución natural, con idéntico resultado al uso de agentes químicos, sin contaminar el terreno. Para su penetración en el mercado realizaremos rappels sobre ventas para distribuidores y cooperativas, así como demostraciones de su uso para nuestros clientes. 2. Mantener la posición de liderazgo La experiencia de campo acumulada, hace que nuestro fabricados tengas unos altos estándares de calidad. Esto, unido a las constantes inversiones en tecnología, nos permite extender la garantía sobre nuestros productos, lo cual nos otorga una ventaja competitiva. Para poder mantener esto, estableceremos controles de calidad más estrictos. También ofreceremos a nuestros clientes la posibilidad de personalizar el embalaje de nuestros productos a su gusto, para así diferenciarnos de la competencia y ofrecer otro tipo de soluciones a nuestros clientes. 3. Mayor notoriedad online El sector tiene un déficit en lo que al uso de nuevas tecnologías se refiere. Ser los primeros en avanzar en este terreno, nos permitirá tomar distancia sobre nuestros competidores a la vez que fortalecerá la imagen de empresa avanzada y en constante evolución. Para conseguir este objetivo, crearemos perfiles en redes sociales y publicaremos anuncios en páginas webs relacionadas con el sector. 4. Fidelización del cliente a través del producto y el servicio El cliente es la parte fundamental de la empresa. Cuesta mucho esfuerzo el introducirse en nuevos clientes, y mucho menos el perder uno que ya tenemos. Por tanto, el que los que ya tenemos en cartera estén satisfechos, nos ayudará a tener una base sólida sobre la que acometer nuevos proyectos. Para fidelizar a nuestros clientes, crearemos jornadas de puertas abiertas, para estrechar la relación y mantenernos más cercanos a ellos. También mejoraremos el tiempo de entrega de nuestros pedidos, anticipándonos a las compras de nuestros clientes. 5. Potenciar el e-commercer como una nueva vía de distribución Si bien en este mercado la relación personal es todavía muy importante, no cabe duda que en un futuro, una parte de las transacciones comerciales se harán por esta vía. El uso de este canal no viene a sustituir a los anteriores sino a complementarlos. 6. Establecer relaciones comerciales con un distribuidor norteamericano, para que comercialice nuestros productos y en un futuro cercano, introducirnos en ese mercado. Para que nuestra empresa siga creciendo y desarrollándose necesitamos buscar nuevos mercados. Para ello, estudiaremos que empresas americanas están introducidas en el mundo agrícola con el fin de tratar de llegar a algún tipo de acuerdo comercial para que distribuyan nuestros productos. El jefe de producto acudirá a las principales ferias de productos agrícolas y para el campo que se celebren en Estados Unidos. En ellas deberá llegar a algún acuerdo comercial con algún distribuidor americano, para que este comercialice nuestros productos en ese mercado.

Composite beta-AgVO3@V5+1.6V4+0.4O4.8 hydrogels and xerogels for catalytic applications

Comunicación (Poster) en panel del congreso: Designing New Heterogeneous Catalysts, Faraday Discussion, 4–6 April 2016. London, United Kingdom.

Hepatocyte growth factor enhances the generation of high-purity oligodendrocytes from human embryonic stem cells

Generation of homogeneous oligodendrocytes as donor cells is essential for human embryonic stem cell (hESC)-based cell therapy for demylinating diseases. Herein we present a novel method for efficiently obtaining mature oligodendrocytes from hESCs with high purity (79.7 +/- 6.9%), using hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and G5 supplement(containing insulin, transferrin, selenite, biotin, hydrocortisone, basic fibroblast growth factor and epidermal growth factor) in a four-step method. We induced hESCs into neural progenitors (NP) with HGF (5 ng/ml) and G5 (1 x) supplemented medium in an adherent differentiation system. The purified NPs were amplified in suspension as neurospheres for 1 month, and terminal oligodendrocyte differentiation was then induced by G5 supplement withdrawal and HGF treatment (20 ng/ml). The cells generated displayed typical morphologies of mature oligodendrocytes and expressed oligodendrocyte markers O4 and myelin basic protein (MBP). Our result revealed that HGF significantly enhanced the proliferation of hESC-derived NPs and promoted the differentiation as well as the maturation of oligodendrocytes from NPs. Further studies suggest that HGF/c-Met signaling pathway might play an important role in oligodendrocyte differentiation in our system. Our studies provide a means for generating the clinically relevant cell type and a platform for deciphering the molecular mechanisms that control oligodendrocyte differentiation. (C) 2009 International Society of Differentiation. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

等离子体平板显示（PDP）用荧光粉的合成及其光谱性质

等离子体平板显示（PDP）是目前高清晰度、大屏幕平板显示中的佼佼者，使挂壁彩电成为现实，但其关键部分之一-PDP荧光粉的发展却存在着相当滞后的问题，因此急需开发出性能更好的PDP荧光粉或对现有荧光粉的性能进行改善。改善PDP荧光粉性能的重要手段之一是选择合适的合成路径，因此本文探索了软化学合成方法-水热法在合成 PDP荧光粉合成中的应用，同时也采用高温固相法、共沉淀法对PDP荧光粉进行了合成，通过对比分析探索合成方法对PDP荧光粉光谱性质的影响。分别采用水热法、高温固相法、共沉淀法对掺杂稀土发光离子的稀土正硼酸盐（Y，Gd）BO_3、正磷酸盐（La，Gd）PO4、矾酸盐（Y，Gd）VO4、矾磷酸盐Y（P，V）O_4和硼硅酸盐LoBSIOS进行了合成，并用XRD、IR、SEM、XPS、TG-DTA等手段对其结构进行了表征，对上述PDP荧光粉的真空紫外（VUV）光谱、紫外可见光谱及发射光谱性质进行了研究，得到了一些新的、有意义的结果。（1）首次采用水热法以稀土氧化物、氢氧化物或硝酸盐与硼酸为原料合成了（Y,Gd）BO_3：RE~(3+)（RE＝Eu，Th）系列荧光粉，并对其VUV光谱特性进行了研究。sEM分析发现水热法以氢氧化物、硝酸盐合成的荧光粉粒度在100-200nm之间。XPS揭示不同基质中带结构具有一定的差异。光谱分析发现（Y,Gd）BO_3：RE~(3+)的VUV光谱中110-175nm范围内存在着基质硼酸根（B3场）的吸收带，该吸收带随基质中G矛"浓度的增大而增强并发生了红移，认为红移是由于基质中B-O反键轨道能量的变化引起的。对能量传递过程进行分析认为G矛十起到能量传递中间体的作用，使基质对激活剂的敏化效率随G矛十浓度的增大而提高。（Y,Gd）BO3:RE3＋中基质敏化效率的提高也可能是由于基质敏化带的红移使Gd3十或RE3＋更容易从基质中获得能量。我们认为作为PDP荧光粉Eu3＋或Th3＋在GdB03基质中的发光性能更好。对水热合成的（Y,Gd）BO3：Eu~(3+)荧光粉进行热处理发现，荧光粉的亮度随热处理温度的提高而明显增强，说明一定温度下热处理有利于提高荧光粉的发光性能，这可能是由于热处理后荧光粉的结晶度提高，内部缺陷减少。比较水热法、高温固相法和共沉淀法对荧光粉性质的影响时发现三种方法制备的荧光粉光谱特性基本一致，但高温固相法和共沉淀法制备的荧光粉粒度较大，形貌不规则。（2）采用水热法制备了不同G矛十浓度的PDP荧光粉（L a，Gd）Po4：RE3＋（RE＝Eu，Tb），发现以稀土硝酸盐溶液和伽玩）2HPO4为原料，在pH值为5·240oC下反应3天可以合成出结晶度较高的纯相。从SEM照片中观察到水热法制备的荧光粉为晶化很好的棒状晶体。对水热法制备的LaP04：Eu3+和GdPO4：Eu3+进行热处理后发现热处理后晶体的尺寸变小，但形貌没有发生明显的变化，发光性能效果稍有提高。首次对共沉淀法合成的不同Gd3＋浓度的（La，Gd）PO4：KE3＋（RE=Eu，Tb）荧光粉的VUV光谱进行了分析，并研究了Gd3＋在能量传递过程中的作用，发现随基质中Gd3十浓度的增大，基质对发光离子的敏化效率提高，认为Gd3＋起着能量传递中间体的作用。同时观察到（La，Gd）PO4：Eu3+中电荷迁移带随着Gd3＋浓度的增大而发生红移，这也可能会导致基质对Eu3+敏化效率的提高。首次利于xPs分析了LaPO4和GdP04的价带结构，发现LaP04的价带由O2的2P能级构成，而GdPo4的价带则是由O2-的2p能级和Gd3＋的4f能级共同构成，这种价带结构的差异可能对（La，Gd）PO4：RE3＋在VUV区的吸收产生影响。（3）首次对水热法合成的（Y,Gd）VO4：Eu3+的VUV光谱进行了研究，观察到120-170nm范围内存在着vO43一离子团的弱吸收带，200nm处存在着来自2P（O）→4f（Y）或5d（均跃迁的激发带，20onm以后的激发宽带是由Eu3＋的电荷迁移带与VO43-的吸收带重叠而成的。对不同Gd3＋浓度的（Y，Gd）VO4：E矿"的vLJ'v光谱进行研究发现，在一定G矛＋浓度范围内Gd3＋的加入使基质vo43+对Eu3+的敏化效率提高。对（Y,Gd）VO4：Eu3+中的能量传递过程进行分析认为，（Y,Gd）vo4：Eus＋中可能存在着VO_4~(3-)→Eu~(3+)和VO_4~(3-)（vuv）→Gd~(3+)→VO_4~(3-)（UV）→Eu~(3+)等几种能量传递方式，Gd3＋起着能量传递中间体的作用。（4）首次采用水热法合成了Y（P，v）O4：Eu3"红色荧光粉，发现初始体系pH为12.5、在240℃下反应6天可以得到Y（P，V）o4：Eu3＋纯相。结合XRD和SEM分析发现Y（P，V）O4：Eu3＋荧光粉的粒径随VO3-4浓度的增大而增大，YPO4：Eu3+的粒径为100-150nm，而YVO4：Eu3+的粒径则为400-450nm。对水热法合成的Y（P， V）O4:Eu3+的VUV光谱进行研究发现基质对Eu3+的敏化效率随VO3-4户含量的增多而提高。通过比较发射光谱中~5D_0→~7F_2与~5D_0→~7F_1跃迁的强度发现二者强度之比随VO_4~(3-_浓度的增大而增大，说明荧光粉的色纯度随VO4含量的增多而更好。比较水热法和高温固相法合成的Y（P，V）O4：Eus"的VUV光谱发现水热法制备的荧光粉在真空紫外区的吸收较弱，说明水热法制备的荧光粉虽然粒度较小，形貌规则，但发光性能不如高温固相法制备的Y（P,V）O4：Eu3＋荧光粉。（5）分别采用水热法和高温固相法制备了单掺稀土发光离子的LaBSIOS，并对它们的光谱性质进行了研究。通过比较产物的SEM照片发现水热法可以制备出粒度为2-3μm，形状近似于球形的产物，而高温固相法制备的样品形貌不规则，粒度分布范围广。对水热法制备的LaBSiO_5：Eu~(3+)进行红外光谱分析发现1300-400cm~(-1)范围内为BO_4基团和SiO_4基团的振动峰。首次对高温固相法制备的LaBSiO_5:Re~(3+)（RE=Eu，Sm，Th）的vuv光谱性质进行了分析，认为其VUV光谱中125-200nm范围内存在着BO_4基团的吸收带（125-165nm）和SiO4四面体的吸收带（165-183nm）。比较两种方法制备的荧光粉的光谱性质和亮度发现两种方法制备的荧光粉光谱性质基本一致，而水热法制备的LaBSiO_5：RE~(3+)（RE＝Eu，Sm，Tb）在254nm紫外光激发下亮度相对较低。

电子与类铍N~(3+)和O~(4+)离子碰撞激发截面的相对论扭曲波计算

采用全相对论扭曲波方法,系统地计算了类铍N3+和O4+离子从基态到2s2p和2p2的各激发态以及从亚稳态到2p2各激发态的电子碰撞激发截面,详细地讨论了靶态的关联效应对激发截面的影响.结果表明:对于2s-2p的单电子激发,在低能碰撞时,靶态的电子关联效应起非常重要的作用,且使得激发截面降低;而高能碰撞时,靶态波函数的描述对连续态波函数的影响比较小,对激发截面影响也比较小.对于2s2-2p2的双电子激发,其中基态2s21S0到J=0的2p23P0,1S0的激发截面较大,其主要原因是末离子态波函数与基组态波函数的混合,但是其他几个激发的激发截面较小.

电偏转扫描法测量高电荷态ECR源发射度

成功地研制了一套适合于低能离子束流发射度测量的电偏转扫描探测器 .对该探测器的原理和结构作了较详细的描述 ,并给出该探测器对兰州近代物理研究所高电荷态ECR源LECR3引出离子束流发射度的测量结果 .典型结果为 :在引出高压为 15 .97kV ,引出束流为 190 μA时 ,O4 +水平发射度 (x方向 )为 137πmm·mrad ,垂直发射度 (y方向 )为 12 0πmm·mrad(包括 90 %束流 ) .最后 ,对测量结果作了一些分析和讨论 .