Missionary labours and scenes in southern Africa.

Mode of access: Internet.

Missionary labours and scenes in Southern Africa / by Robert Moffat.

Mode of access: Internet.

The life of Africaner; a Namagqua chief, of South Africa.

"Happy death of a Madagascar youth": p. [27]-35.

Memorials of South Africa /

"For the Methodist Episcopal Church, at the Conference Office, 200 Mulberry-Street."

A sermon preached at the parish church of St. Andrew-- on Tuesday, April 30, 1816 : before the Church Missionary Society for Africa and the East, being their sixteenth anniversary /

"Printed by order of the General Meeting."

The Africa mission of the Methodist Episcopal Church /

Mode of access: Internet.

Missionary travels and researches in South Africa: including a sketch of sixteen years' residence in the interior of Africa, and a journey from the cape of Good Hope to Loanda on the West Coast; thence across the continent, down the river Zambesu, to the Eastern Ocean.

Published also, the same year, with title: Livingstone's travels and researches in South Africa.

Central Africa : Adventures and missionary labors in several countries in the interior of Africa, from 1849 to 1856. /

Mode of access: Internet.

Fifty years in Western Africa; being a record of the work of the West Indian Church on the banks of the Rio Pongo.

Mode of access: Internet.

James Hannington, D.D., F.L.S., F.R.G.S., first bishop of Eastern Equatorial Africa : a history of his life and work, 1847-1885 /

Includes bibliographical references.

Black sheep; adventures in West Africa,

"Some of these letters appeared in Woman's work ... Some appeared in the Atlantic Monthly."--Pref.

Night and morning in dark Africa.

Mode of access: Internet.

Designing self sustaining support for micro-enterprises in sub-Saharan Africa : a pilot

Small and micro-enterprises play a significant part in most economies. However, in developing countries these enterprises have often been planned and implemented from a poverty alleviation perspective, rather than as entrepreneurial activities and growing businesses (Mead & Liedholm 1998, Toye 1993). This paper explores a model for sustainable support to micro-enterprises in a developing country context. Sustainability is critical if micro-enterprises are to grow. The traditional philanthropic model for funding micro-enterprises leaves local communities dependent on the priorities of donors which may not always be consistent with those of the community. Long term sustainability requires a move to a model that broadens the base of both economic and intellectual resources, that builds capacity as well as providing ‘start-up’ funding through mechanism such as micro-credit (Elkington & Hartigan 2008). Designing for sustainable enterprise development includes responding to the community’s priorities, investigating individual problems and solutions, encouraging agency and active involvement in goal setting, with on-going consultation and co-development of solutions. Recognising the importance of experimentation we have moved beyond existing forms to prototype new ways of working which provide continuity of financial and intellectual support for local initiatives. The paper reviews existing micro finance and microcredit practices and suggests a new approach to establish and support enterprises with financial and knowledge resources for sustainable business practices. Principles underlying such a program and the initial steps are described.

Use of Bayesian geostatistical prediction to estimate local variations in Schistosoma haematobium infection in western Africa

Objective We aimed to predict sub-national spatial variation in numbers of people infected with Schistosoma haematobium, and associated uncertainties, in Burkina Faso, Mali and Niger, prior to implementation of national control programmes. Methods We used national field survey datasets covering a contiguous area 2,750 × 850 km, from 26,790 school-aged children (5–14 years) in 418 schools. Bayesian geostatistical models were used to predict prevalence of high and low intensity infections and associated 95% credible intervals (CrI). Numbers infected were determined by multiplying predicted prevalence by numbers of school-aged children in 1 km2 pixels covering the study area. Findings Numbers of school-aged children with low-intensity infections were: 433,268 in Burkina Faso, 872,328 in Mali and 580,286 in Niger. Numbers with high-intensity infections were: 416,009 in Burkina Faso, 511,845 in Mali and 254,150 in Niger. 95% CrIs (indicative of uncertainty) were wide; e.g. the mean number of boys aged 10–14 years infected in Mali was 140,200 (95% CrI 6200, 512,100). Conclusion National aggregate estimates for numbers infected mask important local variation, e.g. most S. haematobium infections in Niger occur in the Niger River valley. Prevalence of high-intensity infections was strongly clustered in foci in western and central Mali, north-eastern and northwestern Burkina Faso and the Niger River valley in Niger. Populations in these foci are likely to carry the bulk of the urinary schistosomiasis burden and should receive priority for schistosomiasis control. Uncertainties in predicted prevalence and numbers infected should be acknowledged and taken into consideration by control programme planners.