Pasiones del riesgo y contacto con la naturaleza

Muchos deportistas aficionados en occidente, están emprendiendo hoy en día, largas e intensas ordalías donde la capacidad personal de resistir al sufrimiento en aumento constituye el objetivo principal. La carrera, el footing, el triatlón, el trekking, etc., son tipos de ordalías en las que la gente, sin apoyarse en una habilidad específica, no compite contra otros, sino que somete a prueba su propia capacidad para soportar el dolor creciente. El individuo se evalúa constantemente a sí mismo en una sociedad donde los puntos de referencia son incontables y contradictorios, donde los valores están en crisis, y busca entonces una relación cercana con significados profundos, probando su fuerza de carácter, su coraje y sus recursos personales. Seguir adelante hasta final de las ordalías autoimpuestas da una legitimidad a la vida y provee un umbral simbólico en el cual apoyarse. El funcionamiento en sí mismo tiene una importancia secundaria; sólo cuenta para el individuo. No se trata de luchar contra un tercero, es sólo un método para reforzar la voluntad personal y vencer el sufrimiento, justo al límite de una demanda personalmente impuesta. El límite físico ha venido a sustituir el límite moral que la sociedad actual no logra proporcionar. Sobreponiéndose al sufrimiento se templa el carácter del individuo, proporcionando así una importancia renovada y valiosa a su vida

Managing Recreational Impacts on the Northeast corner of the Lake Fayetteville Nature Trail in Fayetteville, AR

Increased population growth of the Northwest Corner of Arkansas is straining the natural resources of the Lake Fayetteville Nature Trail, Fayetteville, AR. Recreational activities conducted on this single track multi-use trail are mountain biking, walking, jogging and wildlife viewing. Impacts evident on the NE section of the trail consist of erosion, vegetation, wildlife and conflict disturbances. Throughout this paper recommendations of management solutions and maintenance ideas are presented. Control of recreation impacts will help the longevity of the trail and maintain the aesthetics for present and future trail users.

Use of anti-pronation taping to assess suitability of orthotic prescription: Case report

This case report describes a strategy for assessing the suitability of orthotic prescription for individual patients with lower limb overuse injuries. The case concerns a 32 year old male soccer player with a two-year history of Achilles tendinopathy. A functional assessment performed before, during, and after a trial period of anti-pronation taping showed that taping reduced symptoms markedly and resulted in a 10-fold increase in pain-free jogging distance. This was interpreted as an indication for favourable orthotic intervention. Subsequently, orthotic intervention was associated with a similar reduction in symptoms and improvement in function. This case study illustrates how a trial period of anti-pronation taping could assist therapists to make decisions about prescription of orthoses for lower limb overuse injuries.

Time motion analysis of 2001 and 2002 super 12 rugby

The aim of this study was to quantify movements of Super 12 rugby players in competition because information on elite rugby players' movements is unavailable. Players were categorized into forwards [front (n = 16) and back row (n = 15)] and backs [inside (n = 9) and outside backs (n = 7)] and their movements analysed by video-based time motion analysis. Movements were classified as rest (standing, walking and jogging) and work (striding, sprinting, static exertion, jumping, lifting or tackling). The total time, number and duration of individual activities were assessed, with differences between groups evaluated using independent sample t-tests (unequal variances), while differences between halves were assessed with paired sample t-tests. Forwards had 7:47 min:s (95% confidence limits: 6:39 to 8:55 min:s, P

Sprint patterns in rugby union players during competition

The purpose of this study was to characterize sprint patterns of rugby union players during competition. Velocity profiles (60 m) of 28 rugby players were initially established in testing from standing, walking, jogging, and striding starts. During competition, the individual sprinting patterns of 17 rugby players were determined from video by using the individual velocity profiles. Forwards commenced sprints from a standing start most frequently (41%), whereas backs sprinted from standing (29%), walking (29%),jogging (29%), and occasionally striding (13%) starts. Forwards and backs achieved speeds in excess of 90% maximal velocity (Vmax) on 5 +/- 4 and 9 +/- 4 occasions (similar to 50% of the sprints performed), respectively, during competition. The higher frequency of sprinting for the backs compared with the forwards highlights the importance of speed training for this positional group. The similar relative distribution of velocities achieved during competition for forwards and backs suggests both positional groups should train acceleration and Vmax qualities. The backs should have a higher total volume of sprint training. Sprinting efforts should be performed from a variety of starting speeds to mimic the movement patterns of competition.

The Role of the FIU Nature Preserve in Promoting Physical Activity

The FIU Nature Preserve was established over thirty-five years ago as an environmental educational center where visitors could experience and learn about local south Florida ecosystems and organisms. This 16-acre facility in the heart of the MMC campus has recently become a popular outdoor fitness destination since the inauguration of a jogging path during Fall 2013. This study set out to quantify how many people visit the FIU Nature Preserve annually, who they are, and what they are doing there. It is also assessing the effect of the FIU Nature Preserve on the overall health of the university community since studies have found that physical activity and contact with nature are positively associated with good health. A pilot was completed during Fall 2014, and the study is on track to finish March 22, 2015. To measure current visitation, two types of surveys were done on seven days across seven weeks during the spring of 2015, visitation counts and in-person surveys. By understanding the reasons and ways people discover and embark on regular use of natural areas, land managers and policy makers can make more informed decisions. As human population and development continue to grow, new ways to integrate natural areas into our urban environment and our lifestyles must be found. In this way, natural resource conservation could be championed as a way for communities to promote physical activity and good health beyond simply using their intrinsic value.

Authentification biométrique par dynamique de frappe pour évaluation à distance utilisant SVM à une classe

La machine à vecteurs de support à une classe est un algorithme non-supervisé qui est capable d’apprendre une fonction de décision à partir de données d’une seule classe pour la détection d’anomalie. Avec les données d’entraînement d’une seule classe, elle peut identifier si une nouvelle donnée est similaire à l’ensemble d’entraînement. Dans ce mémoire, nous nous intéressons à la reconnaissance de forme de dynamique de frappe par la machine à vecteurs de support à une classe, pour l’authentification d’étudiants dans un système d’évaluation sommative à distance à l’Université Laval. Comme chaque étudiant à l’Université Laval possède un identifiant court, unique qu’il utilise pour tout accès sécurisé aux ressources informatiques, nous avons choisi cette chaîne de caractères comme support à la saisie de dynamique de frappe d’utilisateur pour construire notre propre base de données. Après avoir entraîné un modèle pour chaque étudiant avec ses données de dynamique de frappe, on veut pouvoir l’identifier et éventuellement détecter des imposteurs. Trois méthodes pour la classification ont été testées et discutées. Ainsi, nous avons pu constater les faiblesses de chaque méthode dans ce système. L’évaluation des taux de reconnaissance a permis de mettre en évidence leur dépendance au nombre de signatures ainsi qu’au nombre de caractères utilisés pour construire les signatures. Enfin, nous avons montré qu’il existe des corrélations entre le taux de reconnaissance et la dispersion dans les distributions des caractéristiques des signatures de dynamique de frappe.

Effects of pitch area-restrictions on tactical behavior, physical and physiological performances in soccer large-sided games

The aim of this study was to identify how pitch area-restrictions affects the tactical behavior, physical and physiological performances of players during soccer large-sided games. A 10 vs. 9 large-sided game was performed under three experimental conditions: (i) restricted-spacing, the pitch was divided into specific areas where players were assigned and they should not leave it; (ii) contiguous-spacing, the pitch was divided into specific areas where the players were only allowed to move to a neighboring one; (iii) free-spacing, the players had no restrictions in space occupation. The positional data were used to compute players’ spatial exploration index and also the distance, coefficient of variation, approximate entropy and frequency of near-in-phase displacements synchronization of players’ dyads formed by the outfield teammates. Players’ physical and physiological performances were assessed by the distance covered at different speed categories, game pace and heart rate. Most likely higher values were found in players’ spatial exploration index under free-spacing conditions. The synchronization between dyads’ displacements showed higher values for contiguous-spacing and free-spacing conditions. In contrast, for the jogging and running intensity zones, restricted-spacing demanded a moderate effect and most likely decrease compared to other scenarios (~20-50% to jogging and ~60-90% to running). Overall, the effects of limiting players’ spatial exploration greatly impaired the co-adaptation between teammates’ positioning while decreasing the physical and physiological performances. These results allow for a better understanding of players’ decision-making process according to specific task rules and can be relevant to enrich practice task design, such that coaches acknowledge the differential effect by using specific pitch-position areas restrictions.