Intraoral schwannomas: Presentation of a series of 12 cases

Introduction: Schwannomas are benign and not very frequent tumors of the peripheral nerves, derived from the nerve supporting Schwann cells. Study Design: Data were collected on the clinical manifestations (sex, age), location, size and symptonts of the lesions as well as the evolution time and the initial (presumption) diagnosis. Results: Twelve patients were documented, with a mean age of 29,5 ± 12,1 years (range 16-50) and a balanced gender distribution. The mean duration of the lesions was 42,17± 45,3 months. The lesion located in the floor of the mouth was the largest tumor, measuring about 4 cm in maximum diameter, while the average size of the 12 schwannomas was 2.04± 1.1 cm. Conclusion: We present 12 oral schwannomas diagnosed and treated over a period of 10 years. © Medicina Oral S. L. C.I.F. B 96689336 - eISSN: 1989-5488.

On the use of a low-cost thermal sensor to improve kinect people detection in a mobile robot

[EN]Detecting people is a key capability for robots that operate in populated environments. In this paper, we have adopted a hierarchical approach that combines classifiers created using supervised learning in order to identify whether a person is in the view-scope of the robot or not. Our approach makes use of vision, depth and thermal sensors mounted on top of a mobile platform.

Effects of inspiratory muscle training in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction

BACKGROUND Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is remarkably common in elderly people with highly prevalent comorbid conditions. Despite its increasing in prevalence, there is no evidence-based effective therapy for HFpEF. We sought to evaluate whether inspiratory muscle training (IMT) improves exercise capacity, as well as left ventricular diastolic function, biomarker profile and quality of life (QoL) in patients with advanced HFpEF and nonreduced maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP). DESIGN AND METHODS A total of 26 patients with HFpEF (median (interquartile range) age, peak exercise oxygen uptake (peak VO2) and left ventricular ejection fraction of 73 years (66-76), 10 ml/min/kg (7.6-10.5) and 72% (65-77), respectively) were randomized to receive a 12-week programme of IMT plus standard care vs. standard care alone. The primary endpoint of the study was evaluated by positive changes in cardiopulmonary exercise parameters and distance walked in 6 minutes (6MWT). Secondary endpoints were changes in QoL, echocardiogram parameters of diastolic function, and prognostic biomarkers. RESULTS The IMT group improved significantly their MIP (p < 0.001), peak VO2 (p < 0.001), exercise oxygen uptake at anaerobic threshold (p = 0.001), ventilatory efficiency (p = 0.007), metabolic equivalents (p < 0,001), 6MWT (p < 0.001), and QoL (p = 0.037) as compared to the control group. No changes on diastolic function parameters or biomarkers levels were observed between both groups. CONCLUSIONS In HFpEF patients with low aerobic capacity and non-reduced MIP, IMT was associated with marked improvement in exercise capacity and QoL.

Enhanced Exchange And Reduced Magnetization of Gd in an Fe/Gd/Fe Trilayer

The exchange interaction of Gd adjacent to Fe has been characterized by transport measurements on a double spin valve with a Fe/Gd/Fe trilayer as the middle layer. Our measurements show that the ferromagnetism of the Gd is enhanced by the presence of the Fe, and it remains ferromagnetic over its Curie temperature up to a thickness no smaller than 1 nm adjacent to the Fe. This thickness is more than double what has been reported before. Additionally, the saturation magnetization of the thin Gd layer sandwiched in Fe was found to be half of its bulk value. This reduced magnetization does not seem to be related to the proximity of Fe but rather to the incomplete saturation of Gd even for very high fields

Negotiation Games: Acquiring Skills by Playing

This paper shows the research done at the School of Industrial Engineers (ETSII) of the Technical University of Madrid (UPM), in two consecutive academic courses. In this negotiation game each team is formed by three students playing different roles, with a different degree of complexity. The game is played three different times changing the conditions and doing the Zones of Possible Agreement (ZOPA) smaller so the negotiation is going “harder” and it was more difficult for the team to achieve an agreement. Roles were distributed according to the student’s experience, since it was understood that difficulty of the roles was different, especially when there was set a time limit for negotiation. The combination of playing and training has shown that students without particularly good negotiating skills at the beginning of the experiment attained better final results than those who have natural negotiating skills, but no benefit of training.

Towards materials with enhanced electro-mechanical response: CaCu3Ti4O12-polydimethylsiloxane composites

We describe a straightforward production pathway of polymer matrix composites with increased dielectric constant for dielectric elastomer actuators (DEAs). Up to date, the approach of using composites made of high dielectric constant ceramics and insulating polymers has not evidenced any improvement in the performance of DEA devices, mainly as a consequence of the ferroelectric nature of the employed ceramics. We propose here an unexplored alternative to these traditional fillers, introducing calcium copper titanate (CCTO) CaCu3Ti4O12, which has a giant dielectric constant making it very suitable for capacitive applications. All CCTO-polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) composites developed display an improved electro-mechanical performance. The largest actuation improvement was achieved for the composite with 5.1 vol% of CCTO, having an increment in the actuation strain of about 100% together with a reduction of 25% in the electric field compared to the raw PDMS matrix.

Segunda Revision de la Ordenacion del Monte "Pinar y Agregados" de Guadarrama

Las instrucciones vigentes para el servicio de Ordenación de montes en sus artículos 238 al 243 dicen que la Revisión a de efectuarse constantemente registrado en los libros denominados "Crónica del Monte" "Contabilidad" y "Experiencias epidoxilométricas", todas las incidencias, operaciones y experiencias que hayan sucedido o se hayan realizado en el monte, a pie de que en el último año de vigencia del Plan Especial, pueda realizarse con perfecto conocimiento de los hechos, un análisis comparativo entre lo sucedido en el monte y aquello que había sido previsto en el Plan especial que se termina de poner en ejecución, para poder determinar como consecuencia de este estudio el nuevo Plan especial, y del mismo modo ver si es precisa la modificación del Plan general del Proyecto, si los resultados no han sido los que se esperaban»

InAs/AlGaAs quantum dot intermediate band solar cells with enlarged sub-bandgaps

In the last decade several prototypes of intermediate band solar cells (IBSCs) have been manufactured. So far, most of these prototypes have been based on InAs/GaAs quantum dots (QDs) in order to implement the IB material. The key operation principles of the IB theory are two photon sub-bandgap (SBG) photocurrent, and output voltage preservation, and both have been experimentally demonstrated at low temperature. At room temperature (RT), however, thermal escape/relaxation between the conduction band (CB) and the IB prevents voltage preservation. To improve this situation, we have produced and characterized the first reported InAs/AlGaAs QD-based IBSCs. For an Al content of 25% in the host material, we have measured an activation energy of 361 meV for the thermal carrier escape. This energy is about 250 meV higher than the energies found in the literature for InAs/GaAs QD, and almost 140 meV higher than the activation energy obtained in our previous InAs/GaAs QD-IBSC prototypes including a specifically designed QD capping layer. This high value is responsible for the suppression of the SBG quantum efficiency under monochromatic illumination at around 220 K. We suggest that, if the energy split between the CB and the IB is large enough, activation energies as high as to suppress thermal carrier escape at room temperature (RT) can be achieved. In this respect, the InAs/AlGaAs system offers new possibilities to overcome some of the problems encountered in InAs/GaAs and opens the path for QD-IBSC devices capable of achieving high efficiency at RT.

Effect of Sb incorporation on the electronic structure of InAs quantum dots

On the basis of optical characterization experiments and an eight band kp model, we have studied the effect of Sb incorporation on the electronic structure of InAs quantum dots (QDs). We have found that Sb incorporation in InAs QDs shifts the hole wave function to the center of the QD from the edges of the QD where it is otherwise pinned down by the effects of shear stress. The observed changes in the ground-state energy cannot merely be explained by a composition change upon Sb exposure but can be accounted for when the change in lateral size is taken into consideration. The Sb distribution inside the QDs produces distinctive changes in the density of states, particularly, in the separation between excitation shells. We find a 50% increase in the thermal escape activation energy compared with reference InAs quantum dots as well as an increment of the fundamental transition decay time with Sb incorporation. Furthermore, we find that Sb incorporation into quantum dots is strongly nonlinear with coverage, saturating at low doses. This suggests the existence of a solubility limit of the Sb incorporation into the quantum dots during growth.

Células solares de banda intermedia

Las células solares de banda intermedia se inventaron en España. Constituyen una propuesta para aumentar la eficiencia de las células solares por encima del límite de Shockley y Queisser para células de un solo gap. El número de ideas para llevarlas a la práctica (desde la utilización de puntos cuánticos a la implantación selectiva de impurezas) se ha ido expandiendo a medida que nuestra comprensión ha ido aumentando. En este artículo repasamos el concepto de célula solar de banda intermedia y algunas de estas ideas para llevarla a la práctica.

Cuando las piedras se mueven. Nueva sede de la Delegación Provincial de Salud en Almería

Nueva sede de la Delegación Provincial de Salud en Almería. Alberto Campo Baeza, Modesto Sánchez Morales, Jose María García Ramírez, Francisco Salvador Granados. Premio ARCO 2004. COA de Almería.

Optically triggered infrared photodetector

We demonstrate a new class of semiconductor device: the optically triggered infrared photodetector (OTIP). This photodetector is based on a new physical principle that allows the detection of infrared light to be switched ON and OFF by means of an external light. Our experimental device, fabricated using InAs/AlGaAs quantum-dot technology, demonstrates normal incidence infrared detection in the 2−6 μm range. The detection is optically triggered by a 590 nm light-emitting diode. Furthermore, the detection gain is achieved in our device without an increase of the noise level. The novel characteristics of OTIPs open up new possibilities for third generation infrared imaging systems

Optically triggered infrared photodetector

We demonstrate a new class of semiconductor device: the optically triggered infrared photodetector (OTIP). This photodetector is based on a new physical principle that allows the detection of infrared light to be switched ON and OFF by means of an external light. Our experimental device, fabricated using InAs/AlGaAs quantum-dot technology, demonstrates normal incidence infrared detection in the 2−6 μm range. The detection is optically triggered by a 590 nm light-emitting diode. Furthermore, the detection gain is achieved in our device without an increase of the noise level. The novel characteristics of OTIPs open up new possibilities for third generation infrared imaging systems

El convenio europeo del paisaje. Una propuesta metodológica para su implementación en el ámbito urbano

En la actualidad, existe la necesidad de vincular la práctica urbana y arquitectónica al pensamiento ecológico. Eso sucede porque el paisaje es el ámbito disciplinario que registra una mayor identidad contemporánea del lugar y el medio a través del cual asociar las estructuras urbanas a los procesos ecológicos. La amplitud conceptual del término paisaje, le otorga la capacidad para teorizar y proyectar sitios, territorios, ecosistemas, redes organizacionales complejas, infraestructuras, amplias superficies urbanas, y ser visto a la vez como una herramienta de negociación entre conflictos territoriales, diferentes escalas, cruces de fronteras administrativas y enfoques sectoriales. En esta tesis se presenta una propuesta metodológica para la implementación del Convenio Europeo del Paisaje (Consejo de Europa, 2000) en contextos urbanos y periurbanos. Para ello, la tesis aborda, desde una perspectiva aplicada a la planificación territorial, las relaciones espaciales de los diferentes elementos del sistema territorial que componen el mosaico paisajístico de una ciudad de rango medio, Segovia, y su entorno inmediato. El enfoque aplicado de la tesis se materializa a partir de una serie de propuestas de diseño, planificación, ordenación, gestión y protección del paisaje enfocadas a resolver problemas concretos detectados en la zona de estudio seleccionada. Para definir dichas propuestas,, la tesis adopta las bases teóricas o conceptuales de la Arquitectura del Paisaje, una disciplina de diseño aplicada, basada en significados sociales, ecológicos, económicos, culturales e históricos y en los valores visuales y estéticos. El resultado es la propuesta de una herramienta, el Plan de Paisaje de Segovia, cuyo objetivo es el de ofrecer una estrategia para el desarrollo a escala local basado en los procesos ecológicos y las estructuras del paisaje. La identificación y caracterización del paisaje, la definición de objetivos de calidad paisajística de protección, conservación, restauración y creación de nuevos paisajes, así como la propuesta de una estrategia de infraestructura verde para el municipio que promueva la conexión ecológica a escala regional, pretenden enriquecer y mejorar el proceso de planificación urbana y logran una ordenación territorial más integrada, más armónica y equilibrada. Los beneficios de incorporar un enfoque basado en el carácter del paisaje para asesorar en la toma de decisiones sobre el crecimiento urbano y los futuros desarrollos están cada vez mas demostrados y reconocidos. En el contexto europeo, los Planes de Paisaje están siendo incorporados como una nueva herramienta para hacer más efectivo el cumplimiento de los objetivos de desarrollo sostenible. ABSTRACT Nowadays, there is a need to link urban and architectural practice to ecological thinking, being landscape the disciplinary field which has the highest contemporary identity of the place, as well as the capacity to associate urban structures with ecological processes. The conceptual scope of the term landscape offers the ability to theorize and project sites, territories, ecosystems, complex organizational networks, infrastructures, large urban areas, and be seen as a tool to negotiate between territorial conflicts, different scales, administrative boundaries and sectoral approaches. A methodology for the implementation of the European Landscape Convention (Council of Europe, 2000) in urban and peri-urban contexts is presented in this thesis. To do this, the thesis examines, from an applied perspective to spatial planning, the spatial relationships of the different elements of the territorial system that make up the landscape mosaic of Segovia, a middle size city, and its immediate surroundings. The applied approach results in a series of proposals for design, planning, development, management and protection of the landscape focused on solving specific problems identified in the study area selected. To define these proposals, the thesis adopts the theoretical and conceptual foundations of Landscape Architecture, an applied design discipline, based on social, ecological, economic, cultural and historical meanings and visual and aesthetic values. The result is the proposal of a tool, the Landscape Plan of Segovia, whose aim is to provide a strategy for development at the local level, based on ecological processes and landscape structures. The identification and characterization of the landscape, the definition of landscape quality objectives for protection, conservation, restoration and creation of new landscapes as well as a proposed green infrastructure strategy for the town to promote ecological connectivity regionally, intend to enrich and improve the urban planning process and ensure a more integrated, harmonious and balanced territorial development. The benefits of incorporating an approach based on the character of the landscape to assist in the decision making processes on urban growth and future developments are increasingly recognized and proven. In the European context, Landscape Plans are being incorporated as a new tool for a more effective compliance with the objectives of sustainable development.