Arkistoluettelo 107: Heikki Klemetti

Luettelo Kansalliskirjastossa olevan Heikki Klemetin arkiston sisällöstä

Arkistoluettelo 599: Heikki Hyvönen

Luettelo Kansalliskirjastossa olevan Heikki Hyvösen arkiston sisällöstä

Mannen som objekt och problem : Heikki Waris och betydelsen av kön i vetenskaplig socialpolitik, ca 1930-1970

I avhandlingen analyseras betydelsen av kön i den vetenskapliga socialpolitiken vid 1900-talets mitt, i synnerhet med fokus på Heikki Waris (1901–1989) produktion. Waris var Finlands första professor i socialpolitik, som efter andra världskriget etablerades som ett akademiskt ämne vid de finländska universiteten, och Waris blev känd som en av tidens främsta auktoriteter på den finländska socialpolitiken. Vid en tid då välfärdsstaten etablerades och samhället genomgick en snabb moderniseringsprocess, fokuserade den socialpolitiska forskningen på problem och frågor som främst ansågs beröra den manliga delen av befolkningen, såsom alkoholkonsumtion och relationer inom det industriella arbetet. Detta trots att de nordiska staterna senare skulle bli kända som så kallade kvinnovänliga välfärdsstater, där frågor om kvinnors position och jämställdhet beaktades. I avhandlingen belyses hur de texter Waris skrev, samt den forskning som han initierade, skapade ideal baserade på sundhet, ekonomiskt ansvarstagande, aktivitet och medvetenhet samt hur dessa ideal var kopplade till män och manlighet. Förutom att visa hur ideal konstruerades, studeras även de olika formerna och funktionerna av kön i den socialpolitiska litteraturen. Behandlades kön endast som demografisk kategori eller fanns det ett djupare intresse för mäns och kvinnors positioner och roller? Vilka förhållanden ville Waris och de andra socialpolitikerna belysa med att lyfta fram frågor om kön i sina texter? Waris var även en auktoritet på den snabba moderniseringsprocess som Finland hade genomgått sedan industrialiseringen vid 1800-talets slut. I avhandlingen argumenteras för att män och kvinnor på varierande sätt blev symboler för samhällelig förändring. ------------------------ Väitöskirjassa tutkitaan sukupuolen merkitystä sosiaalipolitiikan tutkimuksessa 1900-luvun puolivälissä. Lähtökohtana on Heikki Wariksen (1901–1989) tieteellinen tuotanto. Waris toimi Suomen ensimmäisenä sosiaalipolitiikan professorina ja kehitti sosiaalipolitiikkaa akateemisena aiheena Suomessa toisen maailmansodan jälkeen. Waris tunnettiin yhtenä aikansa merkittävimpänä suomalaisen sosiaalipolitiikan asiantuntijana. Hyvinvointivaltion rakentumisaikana sosiaalipolitiikan tutkimus keskittyi miehiin liittyviin ongelmiin ja kysymyksiin, kuten alkoholin kulutukseen. Väitöskirjassa osoitetaan miten Wariksen teksteissä, ja Wariksen ohjaamissa väitöskirjoissa rakennettiin terveellisyydelle, elättäjyydelle, aktiivisuudelle sekä tietoisuudelle pohjautuva ihanne, joka oli kytketty miehiin ja miehuuteen. Lisäksi tutkitaan sukupuolen muotoja ja funktioita sosiaalipoliittisessa kirjallisuudessa. Oliko sukupuoli pelkkä väestöllinen kategoria vai osoittivatko sosiaalipolitiikan tutkijat syvällisempää mielenkiintoa miesten ja naisten asemaa sekä rooleja kohtaan? Mitkä asiat huomioitiin sukupuolen avulla? Waris oli myös industrialismin aiheuttaman yhteiskuntamuutoksen asiantuntija. Väitöskirjassa osoitetaan miten miehiä ja naisia käsiteltiin eri tavalla muutoksen symboleina.

Arkistoluettelo 682: Heikki Aaltoila

Luettelo Kansalliskirjastossa olevan Heikki Aaltoilan arkiston sisällöstä

Arkistoluettelo 233: Heikki Suolahti

Luettelo Kansalliskirjastossa olevan Heikki Suolahden arkiston sisällöstä

"Suomen Laulu" ("The Song of Finland"), mixed chorus from Helsingfors, Finland; conductor, Heikki Klemetti, M.A.; soloist, m:me Maikki Järnefelt

Signatur des Originals: S 36/F07894

Operational regimes for a simplified one-step artificial chaperone refolding method

The artificial chaperone method for protein refolding developed by Rozema et al. (Rozema, D.; Gellman, S. H. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1995, 117 (8), 2373-2374) involves the sequential dilution of denatured protein into a buffer containing detergent (cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, CTAB) and then into a refolding buffer containing cyclodextrin WD). In this paper a simplified one-step artificial chaperone method is reported, whereby CTAB is added directly to the denatured solution, which is then diluted directly into a refolding buffer containing P-cyclodextrin (P-CD). This new method can be applied at high protein concentrations, resulting in smaller processing volumes and a more concentrated protein solution following refolding. The increase in achievable protein concentration results from the enhanced solubility of CTAB at elevated temperatures in concentrated denaturant. The refolding yields obtained for the new method were significantly higher than for control experiments lacking additives and were comparable to the yields obtained with the classical two-step approach. A study of the effect of beta-CD and CTAB concentrations on refolding yield suggested two operational regimes: slow stripping ( beta-CDXTABsimilar to1), most suited for higher protein concentrations, and fast stripping (beta-CD/CTABsimilar to2.7), best suited for lower protein concentrations. An increased chaotrope concentration resulted in higher refolding yields and an enlarged operational regime.

Mild myocardial infarction - A classification problem in epidemiologic studies

In studies assessing the trends in coronary events, such as the World Health Organization (WHO) MONICA Project (multinational MONItoring of trends and determinants of CArdiovascular disease), the main emphasis has been on coronary deaths and non-fatal definite myocardial infarctions (MI). It is, however, possible that the proportion of milder MIs may be increasing because of improvements in treatment and reductions in levels of risk factors. We used the MI register data of the WHO MONICA Project to investigate several definitions for mild non-fatal MIs that would be applicable in various settings and could be used to assess trends in milder coronary events. Of 38 populations participating in the WHO MONICA MI register study, more than half registered a sufficiently wide spectrum of events that it was possible to identify subsets of milder cases. The event rates and case fatality rates of MI are clearly dependent on the spectrum of non-fatal MIs, which are included. On clinical grounds we propose that the original MONICA category ''non-fatal possible MI'' could bt:divided into two groups: ''non fatal probable MI'' and ''prolonged chest pain.'' Non-fatal probable MIs are cases, which in addition to ''typical symptoms'' have electrocardiogram (EGG) or enzyme changes suggesting cardiac ischemia, but not severe enough to fulfil the criteria for non-fatal definite MI In more than half of the MONICA Collaborating Centers, the registration of MI covers these milder events reasonably well. Proportions of non-fatal probable MIs vary less between populations than do proportions of non fatal possible MIs. Also rates of non-fatal probable MI are somewhat more highly correlated with rates of fatal events and non-fatal definite MI. These findings support the validity of the category of non-fatal probable MI. In each center the increase in event rates and the decrease in case-fatality due to the inclusion of non-fatal probable MI was lar er for women than men. For the WHO MONICA Project and other epidemiological studies the proposed category of non-fatal probable MIs can be used for assessing trends in rates of milder MI. Copyright (C) 1997 Elsevier Science Inc.

Evaluation of thermometers for ear temperature measurement at the wards in a university hospital

Dissertação para obtenção do Grau de Mestre em Engenharia Biomédica

Ectodysplasin A1 promotes placodal cell fate during early morphogenesis of ectodermal appendages.

Organs developing as appendages of the ectoderm are initiated from epithelial thickenings called placodes. Their formation is regulated by interactions between the ectoderm and underlying mesenchyme, and several signalling molecules have been implicated as activators or inhibitors of placode formation. Ectodysplasin (Eda) is a unique signalling molecule in the tumour necrosis factor family that, together with its receptor Edar, is necessary for normal development of ectodermal organs both in humans and mice. We have shown previously that overexpression of the Eda-A1 isoform in transgenic mice stimulates the formation of several ectodermal organs. In the present study, we have analysed the formation and morphology of placodes using in vivo and in vitro models in which both the timing and amount of Eda-A1 applied could be varied. The hair and tooth placodes of K14-Eda-A1 transgenic embryos were enlarged, and extra placodes developed from the dental lamina and mammary line. Exposure of embryonic skin to Eda-A1 recombinant protein in vitro stimulated the growth and fusion of placodes. However, it did not accelerate the initiation of the first wave of hair follicles giving rise to the guard hairs. Hence, the function of Eda-A1 appears to be downstream of the primary inductive signal required for placode initiation during skin patterning. Analysis of BrdU incorporation indicated that the formation of the epithelial thickening in early placodes does not involve increased cell proliferation and also that the positive effect of Eda-A1 on placode expansion is not a result of increased cell proliferation. Taken together, our results suggest that Eda-A1 signalling promotes placodal cell fate during early development of ectodermal organs.

Design and evaluation of a solid sampler for the monitoring of airborne 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI) and its prepolymers in 2-component spray painting

An active, solvent-free solid sampler was developed for the collection of 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI) aerosol and prepolymers. The sampler was made of a filter impregnated with 1-(2-methoxyphenyl)piperazine contained in a filter holder. Interferences with HDI were observed when a set of cellulose acetate filters and a polystyrene filter holder were used; a glass fiber filter and polypropylene filter cassette gave better results. The applicability of the sampling and analytical procedure was validated with a test chamber, constructed for the dynamic generation of HDI aerosol and prepolymers in commercial two-component spray paints (Desmodur(R) N75) used in car refinishing. The particle size distribution, temporal stability, and spatial uniformity of the simulated aerosol were established in order to test the sample. The monitoring of aerosol concentrations was conducted with the solid sampler paired to the reference impinger technique (impinger flasks contained 10 mL of 0.5 mg/mL 1-(2-methoxyphenyl)piperazine in toluene) under a controlled atmosphere in the test chamber. Analyses of derivatized HDI and prepolymers were carried out by using high-performance liquid chromatography and ultraviolet detection. The correlation between the solvent-free and the impinger techniques appeared fairly good (Y = 0.979X - 0.161; R = 0.978), when the tests were conducted in the range of 0.1 to 10 times the threshold limit value (TLV) for HDI monomer and up to 60-mu-g/m3 (3 U.K. TLVs) for total -N = C = O groups.

Ectodysplasin has a dual role in ectodermal organogenesis: inhibition of Bmp activity and induction of Shh expression.

Ectodermal organogenesis is regulated by inductive and reciprocal signalling cascades that involve multiple signal molecules in several conserved families. Ectodysplasin-A (Eda), a tumour necrosis factor-like signalling molecule, and its receptor Edar are required for the development of a number of ectodermal organs in vertebrates. In mice, lack of Eda leads to failure in primary hair placode formation and missing or abnormally shaped teeth, whereas mice overexpressing Eda are characterized by enlarged hair placodes and supernumerary teeth and mammary glands. Here, we report two signalling outcomes of the Eda pathway: suppression of bone morphogenetic protein (Bmp) activity and upregulation of sonic hedgehog (Shh) signalling. Recombinant Eda counteracted Bmp4 activity in developing teeth and, importantly, inhibition of BMP activity by exogenous noggin partially restored primary hair placode formation in Eda-deficient skin in vitro, indicating that suppression of Bmp activity was compromised in the absence of Eda. The downstream effects of the Eda pathway are likely to be mediated by transcription factor nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB), but the transcriptional targets of Edar have remained unknown. Using a quantitative approach, we show in cultured embryonic skin that Eda induced the expression of two Bmp inhibitors, Ccn2/Ctgf (CCN family protein 2/connective tissue growth factor) and follistatin. Moreover, our data indicate that Shh is a likely transcriptional target of Edar, but, unlike noggin, recombinant Shh was unable to rescue primary hair placode formation in Eda-deficient skin explants.

Impact of thermal proofing of a church on its indoor air-quality - The combustion of candles and incense as a source of pollution

Some years ago, a parish in Geneva decided to reduce heating costs by insulating its church to make it more energy efficient. Three years after the last renovations, it was observed that the internal surfaces of the naves had already become dusty compared with the customary frequency of 10-12 years. Dust even deposited on various surfaces during religious services. Our investigation showed that nearly all the dust found inside the church may in fact be soot from incense and candle combustion. Incense appears to be a significant source of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. With a mechanical ventilation system and petrol lamps resembling candles the problem can be resolved.

Asthme professionnel dû aux isocyanates: nouvelles orientations des recherches en hygiène du travail

The replacement of the HDI monomer by less volatile prepolymers is not accompanied by a decrease of the incidence of occupational asthma in Switzerland. Field measurements show that the prepolymer concentration levels may be high although the monomer is hardly detectable or complies with the norm. Our researches are focused on the improvement of generation and measurement techniques (international quality control), on the characterization of the prepolymers to study their transformation in biological media. Field surveys will be conducted to establish the prepolymer concentration profiles. We recommend for the introduction in Switzerland of threshold limit values for HDI-biuret and isocyanurate.