Cultural and natural areas of native North America,

Cover title.

Foreign missions year book of North America ...

Editor: 1919- B. St. John.

Handbook on foreign missions of the United Presbyterian Church of North America.

Description based on: 1914.

The manners, customs, and antiquities of the Indians of North and South America.

Mode of access: Internet.

The history of Oregon and California : and the other territories of the North-West coast of North America, accompanied by a geographical view and map of those countries, and a number of documents as proofs and illustrations of the history /

Includes index.

The early Jesuit missions in North America;

A translation of parts relating to America in "Lettres édifiantes et curieuses, ć̄rites des missions étrangères".

The history of Oregon and California, and the other territories on the north-west coast of North America: accompanied by a geographical view and map of those countries, and a number of documents as proofs and illustrations of the history.

"Answer to the strictures of Mr. T. Falconer": and "Mr. Falconer's reply to Mr. Greenhow's answer, with Mr. Greenhow's rejoinder".

Foreign missions year book of North America

Mode of access: Internet.

Otolith morphometrics and population structure of Pacific sardine (Sardinops sagax) along the west coast of North America

The broad distribution of Pacific sardine (Sardinops sagax) along the Pacif ic coast of North America makes it difficult for fisheries managers to identify regional stocks of this dominant small pelagic species. An investigation of morphometric characteristics of otoliths of Pacific sardine across most of their range revealed regional differences in populations. In a survey of over 2000 otoliths, all ages (with an emphasis on age-1 recruits) were compared. Principal components analysis, multivariate analysis of variance, and a novel method derived from regression and residuals calculations, termed perimeter-weight profiles (PWPs), revealed otolith similarities and differences. The results of the different approaches to statistical comparisons did not always agree. Sardine otoliths from Mexican waters were generally lighter and more lobate than those from U.S. and Canadian populations. Age-1 otoliths from northern California in 2006–07 tended to be heavier and smoother than those from other areas, including year-class cohorts from southern California. Comparisons of age-groups and year-classes of northern California otoliths with the use of the PWP models indicated signif icant trends in year-to-year patterns. In conjunction with other established indices of population structure, otolith PWPs are a useful tool for identifying local and regional stocks of Pacific sardine and may help distinguish populations of other fish species as well.

Ocean distribution of the American shad (Alosa sapidissima) along the Pacific coast of North America

We examined the incidental catches of American shad (Alosa sapidissima) taken during research cruises and in commercial and recreational landings along the Pacific coast of North America during over 30 years of sampling. Shad, an introduced species, was mainly found over the shallow continental shelf, and largest catches and highest frequency of occurrences were found north of central Oregon, along the coasts of Washington and Vancouver Island, and in California around San Francisco Bay. Migrations to the north off Washington and Vancouver were seen during spring to fall, but we found no evidence for large-scale seasonal migrations to the south during the fall or winter. The average weight of shad increased in deeper water. Sizes were also larger in early years of the study. Most were caught over a wide range of sea surface temperatures (11–17°C) and bottom temperatures (6.4–8.0°C). Abundance of shad on the continental shelf north of 44°N was highly correlated with counts of shad at Bonneville Dam on the Columbia River in the same year. Counts were negatively related to average weights and also negatively correlated with the survival of hatchery coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch), indicating that survival of shad is favored by warm ocean conditions. Examining the catch during research cruises and commercial and recreational landings, we concluded that American shad along the Pacific coast have adapted to the prevailing environmental conditions and undertake only moderate seasonal migrations compared with the long seasonal migrations of shad along the Atlantic coast of North America. We suggest that the large spawning populations in the Columbia River and San Francisco Bay areas explain most of the distributional features along the Pacific coast.

Subsurface ocean temperature signals on west coast of North America [abstract]

EXTRACT (SEE PDF FOR FULL ABSTRACT): Data were extracted from the U.S. Navy Fleet Numerical Oceanographic Center Master Oceanographic Observation Data Set for a 200 km to 300 km wide coastal strip on the west coast of the United States. These data were averaged for the September through February (winter) and March through August (summer) intervals. The resulting winter temperature anomaly values show the El Nino signal in the CCC [Coastal California Current] as positive temperature anomalies from the surface to at least 300 m.

Among the Indians of Alaska. By Charles Replogle ...

http://www.archive.org/details/amongindiansofal00repliala

A history of Indian missions on the Pacific coast : Oregon, Washington and Idaho / by Myron Eells ; with an introduction by G.H. Atkinson.

http://www.archive.org/details/missionspacific00eellrich

In the Ojibway country : a story of early missions on the Minnesota frontier

http://www.archive.org/details/inojibwaycountry00scheiala

Forty years among the Indians ; a descriptive history of the long and busy life of Jeremiah Hubbard.

http://www.archive.org/details/fortyyearsamongi00hubbrich