999 resultados para Inclusão educacional - Faetec
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Este trabalho enfoca a problemática da inclusão educacional de alunos com deficiência no ensino regular brasileiro. A partir da revisão sistemática da literatura sobre o tema foi possível apresentar dois estudos. O primeiro tem natureza descritiva, objetivou revisar artigos sobre inclusão de alunos com deficiência no ensino regular brasileiro, a fim de investigar o panorama da pesquisa nessa área. Foi utilizada a revisão sistemática na biblioteca virtual da SciELO, na qual foram selecionados 138 artigos para investigação. Os resultados desse primeiro estudo apontaram que as pesquisas sobre inclusão educacional avançaram a partir do ano de 2005, principalmente nas regiões sudeste e sul, com prevalência de pesquisas empíricas em diversas áreas do conhecimento e com destaque para a educação. O segundo estudo analisou artigos científicos, que tratam da inclusão de alunos com deficiência no ensino regular de acordo com a concepção teórico-metodológica da teoria bioecológica do desenvolvimento humano. A partir da revisão sistemática da literatura e a avalição do instrumento CASP se selecionou 16 artigos que foram analisados a partir do modelo bioecológico PPCT. Observou-se que a partir dos dados apresentados o uso da teoria bioecológica foi útil para investigar pesquisas e sistematizar a organização de trabalhos.
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This article aims to contribute to the process of inclusion of students with disabilities in regular schools by reporting the results of a survey that aimed to verify whether Learning Objects (LO) are efficient tools in constructing teaching and learning of subject content within the inclusive education context. Participant, tutor and trainer experiences of a distance learning Ministry of Education (MEC) course on Assistive Technology were analyzed. The course was offered to public schools teachers from all over the country. The course activities were recorded in a Virtual Learning Environment (VLE) called TelEduc, along with group reports of course participants. Three categories were selected for data analysis: a) interactivity and feedback from the team trainer; b) applicability of the content covered in the course, and c) new learning. The results showed that LO can promote the learning of subject content. Having been designed as educational resources to support teaching and learning, they can enhance educational inclusion of people with disabilities. As for the process of distance formation for teachers, the course contributed to consolidating sound and efficient training of participants by providing: a closer encounter with the world of technology, the possibility of integration of technology in the classroom; conducting theoretical and practical studies, appreciation of diversity and all students' potential; innovations in strategies and learning resources and reflective action.
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Due to the process of educational inclusion, it is necessary for the teacher who works with disabled students to acknowledge and master the resources of assistive technology equipment available in Brazil. The objective was to identify the presence of these resources at school and evaluate, having the teacher as the evaluator, the conditions of dealing with the Assistive Technology resources and equipment. The sample consisted of 14 teachers who work in the Resources Multifunction Classroom and 18 regular classroom teachers who have disabled students enrolled in their classrooms. Data collection was performed through the TAE Questionnaire - Assistive Technology for Education. The data collection was performance in groups during the training course sponsored by the Education Department of Rondonópolis as part of the Program of Continuing Education Training for Managers and Educators - Inclusive Education: The Right to Diversity. The questionnaire data indicated differences between the two groups mentioned. The teachers of the Resource Classes indicated that Assistive Technology resources are now being introducing at schools and that over 50% of this group understand the resources presented on the questionnaire. Most of the regular classroom teachers is still unaware of the Assistive Technology resources and equipment. Regarding the dealing of these resources the group of teachers from the multifunctional classroom is better prepared to use this technology. The data suggest the need for investment in acquisition and training of teachers in relation to Assistive Technology resources.
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The professional development of teachers to work with children with disabilities is a recurring theme in the literature, as it is one of the keys to effective educational inclusion. However, studies carried out so far have mainly focused on training elementary school teachers. Given this context, this study sought to investigate: the occurrence of articles whose main objective is professional development for teachers of early childhood education to work with children with disabilities; and the methodology used in the professional development programs assessed by those papers. Articles published from 1990 to 2012, in the following journals, were analyzed: Educação e Pesquisa (USP), Revista Psicologia Escolar e Educacional, Pro-Posições (Unicamp), Revista Brasileira de Educação Especial e Revista Educação Especial (UFSM). After selecting the journals, the titles of all articles published within the period considered were read. Articles deemed relevant articles were read in full, and analyzed, according to the purposes of this research. The results indicated that within the period considered, and based on the journals chosen for investigation, there were no specific articles on the subject directly, although there have been articles that touch on the issue. This literature review emphasizes the importance of expanding research on the subject, in order to widen knowledge in the area, especially knowledge aimed at contributing to early childhood education and the professional development of its teachers.
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Pós-graduação em Educação - FFC
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Pós-graduação em Educação Escolar - FCLAR
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Considering the discussions about the inclusion of disabled people in the regular education and the need to find methodologies that meet the diverse needs of students, this work brings to the discussion the multisensory didactic perspective as an alternative to science inclusive teaching.
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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnológico (CNPq)
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Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo geral compreender a proposta/ prática curricular do Atendimento Educacional Especializado (AEE) na Sala de Recursos Multifuncionais (SRM) enquanto função complementar na educação da criança pequena com deficiência e Transtornos Globais do Desenvolvimento (TGD). Partimos das constatações de que, nas duas últimas décadas, documentos oficiais, assim como pesquisas na área, apontam a necessidade de um trabalho pedagógico inclusivo, que atenda às demandas e características dos diferentes sujeitos matriculados. Questionamos se a proposta e prática curricular complementar do AEE, por meio da SRM, têm contribuído para a inclusão da criança pequena, público alvo da educação especial, nas práticas pedagógicas da sala de aula comum? Teoricamente buscamos as contribuições da Abordagem Histórico-Cultural para compreender o desenvolvimento e aprendizagem da criança com deficiência, assim como procuramos a interlocução com os teóricos do currículo, entre os quais Sacristán. Como metodologia, utilizamos a pesquisa-ação colaborativo-crítico. O lócus da pesquisa foi um Centro de Educação Infantil, situado em Vitória/ES, com uma sala de recurso multifuncional, modelo proposto pelo Ministério da Educação (MEC). Os sujeitos participantes foram crianças de 3 a 7 anos matriculadas no Centro Municipal de Educação Infantil (CMEI) e encaminhadas para o AEE, na SRM (seis crianças surdas, sete crianças com manifestações de TGD e uma criança com Síndrome de Down); dois professores de educação especial da SRM (uma professora da área da área de Deficiência Intelectual (DI), uma professora bilíngue e um instrutor surdo); professores regentes do turno da manhã CMEI e dois pedagogos. Como perspectiva teórico-metodológica, optamos pela rede significações (Rossetti-Ferreira, 2004) que tem seus pressupostos fundamentados na teoria histórico-cultural, que compreende os processos de desenvolvimento humano como atos de significação constituídos por múltiplas interações estabelecidas social e culturalmente pelos sujeitos durante toda a vida. A organização e análise dos dados ocorreram por meio dos movimentos, cenários e atores; as práticas curriculares inclusivas na/da escola: a SRM e a sala de aula comum em seus encontros e desencontros; a preocupação com o desenvolvimento psicomotor da criança; o brincar versus a aquisição da leitura e escrita; o diálogo entre o currículo da SRM e a sala de aula comum e os encontros colaborativos com os professores de educação especial, com as pedagogas e com as professoras regentes do CMEI. Algumas considerações importantes se destacam, entre as quais: a falta de formação e desconhecimento por parte dos professores de educação especial sobre a proposta curricular da educação infantil e práticas pedagógicas descontextualizadas e fragmentadas desenvolvidas na SRM, que dificultam a ação complementar ao trabalho da classe comum. Para as professoras das salas de atividades o AEE é viável na escola de educação infantil, mas não somente na SRM, concordam que deve haver o atendimento educacional especializado no turno em que a criança esteja matriculada; que ele pode ajudar na inclusão da criança público alvo da educação especial, por meio de práticas sociais e culturais lúdicas, linguísticas e intelectuais. Concluímos que as professoras desejam um AEE dinâmico, interlocutor, que se movimente na escola como um todo.
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This dissertation aims to analyze the specialized educational services(AEE, Portuguese) implemented in four municipal schools of Mossoró/RN, with attention to the process of collaboration between regular classroom teachers and multifunctional resource classroom teachers. We use as theoretical reference the works of Vygotsky and others authors that write about education and collaboration. To accomplish the research we chose a qualitative approach, using as a methodological resources: study of cases, bibliographical, documental and field research. For the field research we make observations in regular and multifunctional classrooms. We produce group intervieus with regular and multifunctional teachers. From the analysis performed we identify that the concepts and the practices of teachers in regular classrooms changes, with integrationist predominance. The AEE s teachers had more inclusive conceptions and greater investment in continuing education than the regular classroom teachers. The practices of regular classroom teachers are more traditional, what makes the learning process more difficult for the students, even more for the students with disabilities and pervasive developmental disorders. Teachers of AEE was more interactive and creative, however, the attention to the students was more individual. In three of the four schools surveyed stand out the efforts of the teachers of specialist classroom to collaborate with regular school teachers, by notes, e-mails, phone calls and resource sharing. In one of the four was noted a good collaborative interactive between the AEE teachers and the regular school teachers. The school with the worst improvement was that in which the actions of the teachers of the AEE were limited to actions in multifunctional resource classroom. The resistance to these professionals was identified in the statements of the regular classroom teachers. Another issue raised was the lack of time for teachers to conduct AEE actions that contribute to the process of school students, because their working hours is restricted to the opposite turn in school. Transport difficulties for the students to attend the resource classroom multifunctional and the lack of dialogue with the health sector was challenges for the four schools. The families were with a practically constant interest to interact with the AEE teachers in the four schools. Thus, we believe that the presence of AEE school can make contributions to the educational process, however, it is necessary more attention to the collaborative process between teachers and the school community
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Because of social exclusion in Brazil and having as focus the digital inclusion, was started in Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte a project that could talk, at the same time, about concepts of collaborative learning and educational robotics , focused on children digitally excluded. In this context was created a methodology that approaches many subjects as technological elements (e. g. informatics and robotics) and school subjects (e. g. Portuguese, Mathematics, Geography, History), contextualized in everyday situations. We observed educational concepts of collaborative learning and the development of capacities from those students, as group work, logical knowledge and learning ability. This paper proposes an educational software for robotics teaching called RoboEduc, created to be used by children digitally excluded from primary school. Its introduction prioritizes a friendly interface, that makes the concepts of robotics and programming easy and fun to be taught. With this new tool, users without informatics or robotics previous knowledge are able to control a robot, previously set with Lego kits, or even program it to carry some activities out. This paper provides the implementation of the second version of the software. This version presents the control of the robot already used. After were implemented the different levels of programming linked to the many learning levels of the users and their different interfaces and functions. Nowadays, has been implemented the third version, with the improvement of each one of the mentioned stages. In order to validate, prove and test the efficience of the developed methodology to the RoboEduc, were made experiments, through practice of robotics, with children for fourth and fifth grades of primary school at the City School Professor Ascendino de Almeida, in the suburb of Natal (west zone), Rio Grande do Norte. As a preliminary result of the current technology, we verified that the use of robots associated with a well elaborated software can be spread to users that know very little about the subject, without the necessity of previous advanced technology knowledges. Therefore, they showed to be accessible and efficient tools in the process of digital inclusion
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Universidade Estadual de Campinas . Faculdade de Educação Física
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Universidade Estadual de Campinas. Faculdade de Educação Física
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O professor de educação especial, guiando os seus alunos, incluindo os que têm necessidades educativas especiais, deve ser como o maestro a dirigir os músicos numa orquestra, cada qual tocando o seu instrumento. Sempre que haja diferentes estilos de aprendizagem e ritmos de trabalho, a diferenciação inclusiva deve ocorrer inevitavelmente na sala de aula. Assim, cada tarefa deve ser executada por todos os alunos, cada um trabalhando de acordo com as suas capacidades. Em conjunto, o aluno aprende a partilhar tarefas, a respeitar o outro e a si próprio, ficando mais apto para a vivência na comunidade circundante. Os jovens com défice cognitivo são cidadãos que usufruem de direitos e cumprem deveres como qualquer outro jovem. Conhecedores deste facto, interviemos junto de uma aluna de 17 anos que frequenta um Centro Educacional e reside numa Instituição. A intervenção, fundamentada nos fundamentos conceptuais e nos procedimentos da investigação-acção, que teve lugar no seio de um grupo de sete alunos com problemáticas várias, decorreu no âmbito da área do desenvolvimento vocacional e numa perspectiva de transição para a vida activa. Orientámos a intervenção numa perspectiva dinâmica e circular de acção e reflexão, de acordo com os pressupostos que referimos. Traçámos os objectivos e estabelecemos um plano de acção. Procedemos ao registo semanal de todas as tarefas realizadas durante quatro meses, para que de um modo sistemático, pudéssemos agir de forma coerente, mediar a intervenção e reformular estratégias. Podemos concluir que a intervenção decorreu com sucesso, uma vez que atingimos os objectivos traçados relacionados com o desenvolvimento de tarefas de transição para a vida activa e a promoção do trabalho de grupo.
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Tese de Doutoramento em Ciências da Educação