Regulatory impact analysis of emission standards for elemental phosphorus plants /

"EPA 520/1-84-025."

Self-regulation of environmental quality : impact analysis in California local government /

Mode of access: Internet.

Preliminary regulatory impact analysis, new requirements for passenger cars to meet a dynamic side impact test, FMVSS 214.

Mode of access: Internet.

Methods of urban impact analysis.

January 1979.

Economic impact analysis of effluent limitations and standards for the plastics molding and forming industry /

Mode of access: Internet.

An Economic impact analysis of proposed amendments to public water supply regulations pending before the Illinois Pollution Control Board, R85-14 : final report /

"August 1987."

Economic impact analysis of combined sewer overflow regulations on East St. Louis, R81-12 /

Project no. 80.264.

Impact analysis : proposed "Truth-in-sentencing" legislation.

"June 1994."

The economic impact analysis of R84-29 : mine-related water pollution regulations /

"Project 86/7005."

Time, Cost, and Environmental Impact Analysis for Sustainable Design at Multiple Building Levels

Construction projects are complex endeavors that require the involvement of different professional disciplines in order to meet various project objectives that are often conflicting. The level of complexity and the multi-objective nature of construction projects lend themselves to collaborative design and construction such as integrated project delivery (IPD), in which relevant disciplines work together during project conception, design and construction. Traditionally, the main objectives of construction projects have been to build in the least amount of time with the lowest cost possible, thus the inherent and well-established relationship between cost and time has been the focus of many studies. The importance of being able to effectively model relationships among multiple objectives in building construction has been emphasized in a wide range of research. In general, the trade-off relationship between time and cost is well understood and there is ample research on the subject. However, despite sustainable building designs, relationships between time and environmental impact, as well as cost and environmental impact, have not been fully investigated. The objectives of this research were mainly to analyze and identify relationships of time, cost, and environmental impact, in terms of CO2 emissions, at different levels of a building: material level, component level, and building level, at the pre-use phase, including manufacturing and construction, and the relationships of life cycle cost and life cycle CO2 emissions at the usage phase. Additionally, this research aimed to develop a robust simulation-based multi-objective decision-support tool, called SimulEICon, which took construction data uncertainty into account, and was capable of incorporating life cycle assessment information to the decision-making process. The findings of this research supported the trade-off relationship between time and cost at different building levels. Moreover, the time and CO2 emissions relationship presented trade-off behavior at the pre-use phase. The results of the relationship between cost and CO2 emissions were interestingly proportional at the pre-use phase. The same pattern continually presented after the construction to the usage phase. Understanding the relationships between those objectives is a key in successfully planning and designing environmentally sustainable construction projects.

TRAFFIC IMPACT ANALYSIS OF SEVERAL DYNAMIC LANE MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES FOR CONGESTION MITIGATION BASED ON DTA MODEL

Persistent daily congestion has been increasing in recent years, particularly along major corridors during selected periods in the mornings and evenings. On certain segments, these roadways are often at or near capacity. However, a conventional Predefined control strategy did not fit the demands that changed over time, making it necessary to implement the various dynamical lane management strategies discussed in this thesis. Those strategies include hard shoulder running, reversible HOV lanes, dynamic tolls and variable speed limit. A mesoscopic agent-based DTA model is used to simulate different strategies and scenarios. From the analyses, all strategies aim to mitigate congestion in terms of the average speed and average density. The largest improvement can be found in hard shoulder running and reversible HOV lanes while the other two provide more stable traffic. In terms of average speed and travel time, hard shoulder running is the most congested strategy for I-270 to help relieve the traffic pressure.

Impact analysis study in a typical solar PV microgrid power system

Microgrid (MG) power system with Distributed Generation (DG) plays an important role to provide reliable, secure, and low carbon emission energy supply for communities, in case of any failure or disturbance of energy supply from the main grid. At the same time, DG also contributes to several technical issues in the MG distribution network. Power quality (PQ) issues are one of the main technical challenges when integrating Renewable Energy (RE) sources in MG network. In this paper, the PQ issues like; power variation, voltage deviation, and Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) have been addressed by an impact analysis study on a typical solar PV MG power system in both on-grid and off-grid mode of operation. Analysis results from the study will be helpful in developing an independent MG power system with improved PQ conditions.

Examining the viability of windows impact/update method for delay analysis in construction disputes

Nowadays, construction delay disputes often end up on the arbitration route where the delay experts appointed by the parties advise the tribunal on the extension of times entitlements of the parties. For this purpose, the identification and quantification of concurrent and pacing delays are integral aspects of resolving these disputes using a proper delay analysis methodology. The aim of the study is therefore, threefold. Firstly, the available literature on the concurrent and pacing delays are analyzed in detail to establish the principles for the evaluation of the concurrency and pacing delays. Secondly, a robust delay analysis methodology called ‘windows impact/update method’ is explained often used by the experts for the effective quantification of concurrent and pacing delays. This methodology is an improved version of time impact analysis and normal windows analysis. For better demonstration, the explanation of the methodology is facilitated with the help of a typical case study analysis. Finally, the principles of concurrency and pacing, as explained in the literature review, are promptly applied to the case study results to show the applicability of the analysis method on any types of delay disputes. The study shows the effectiveness of the windows impact/update method for the quantification of the concurrent and pacing delays.

Dynamically mechanical and nano-impact (fatigue) analysis of touch screen thin films deposited on polyethylene terephthalate substrate

Nano-scale touch screen thin film have not been thoroughly investigated in terms of dynamic impact analysis under various strain rates. This research is focused on two different thin films, Zinc Oxide (ZnO) film and Indium Tin Oxide (ITO) film, deposited on Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) substrate for the standard touch screen panels. Dynamic Mechanical Analysis (DMA) was performed on the ZnO film coated PET substrates. Nano-impact (fatigue) testing was performed on ITO film coated PET substrates. Other analysis includes hardness and the elastic modulus measurements, atomic force microscopy (AFM), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and the Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) of the film surface.
Ten delta of DMA is described as the ratio of loss modulus (viscous properties) and storage modulus (elastic properties) of the material and its peak against time identifies the glass transition temperature (Tg). Thus, in essence the Tg recognizes changes from glassy to rubber state of the material and for our sample ZnO film, Tg was found as 388.3 K. The DMA results also showed that the Ten delta curve for Tg increases monotonically in the viscoelastic state (before Tg) and decreases sharply in the rubber state (after Tg) until recrystallization of ZnO takes place. This led to an interpretation that enhanced ductility can be achieved by negating the strength of the material.
For the nano-impact testing using the ITO coated PET, the damage started with the crack initiation and propagation. The interpretation of the nano-impact results depended on the characteristics of the loading history. Under the nano-impact loading, the surface structure of ITO film suffered from several forms of failure damages that range from deformation to catastrophic failures. It is concluded that in such type of application, the films should have low residual stress to prevent deformation, good adhesive strength, durable and good resistance to wear.