Kosmo, plataforma SIG libre corporativa

Kosmo no es un producto; es un PROYECTO en continua evolución. En él tienen cabida iniciativas de software libre actuales y futuras, siempre tras un profundo análisis de las mismas e integrándolas en un esquema conceptual estable y compacto. Así, al día de hoy, ya se encuentran integradas, en fase de análisis o en fase de integración diversas componentes de los principales proyectos SIG libres (y no SIG) existentes: PostgreSQL/PostGIS, MySQL, Geoserver, Deegree, Geonetwork, Openlayers, GRASS, gvSIG, ImageJ, Openoffice, JTS, GDAL, Geotools,... Es un proyecto de software libre, aunque su entorno no está limitado a ese ámbito, estando diseñado para implantarse dentro de entornos corporativos en los que puede integrarse con alternativas comerciales: Oracle, ArcSDE,... Kosmo-Plataforma SIG Libre Corporativa cuenta con las siguientes funcionalidades SIG: ● Almacenamiento y Gestión de la información geográfica en Sistemas de Gestión de Bases de Datos Relacionales (SGBDR), integrada con el resto de información corporativa. ● Edición (multiusuario), consulta y explotación de la información geográfica desde el cliente de escritorio Kosmo, junto con funciones de geoprocesamiento, entre muchas otras. ● Publicación de la información geográfica a través de protocolos estándar del OGC (WMS, WFS), lo que permite compartir la información y construir/participar en IDEs. ● Publicación de información y funcionalidades específicas en Internet, y acceso mediante el uso de los clientes ligeros Kosmo. Kosmo está diseñado para satisfacer las necesidades de gestión territorial de todo tipo de corporaciones, pequeñas o grandes, con un usuario individual o centenares de ellos accediendo, editando y/o consultando simultáneamente la información

Análise da resposta th17 em líquen plano oral

Th17 cells have been strongly associated with the pathogenesis of several autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. IL-17 and IL-23 are important cytokines associated with this lineage. The aim of this study was to analyze, through immunohistochemical methods, the immunoexpression of IL-17 and IL-23 in the inflammatory infiltrate of oral lichen planus (OLP) lesion compared to that of inflammatory fibrous hyperplasia (IFH) and between clinical forms reticular and erosive of OLP. The sample included 41 cases of OLP, of which 23 were reticular and 18 erosive and 10 cases of IFH. The results were subjected to nonparametric statistical tests with a 5% significance level. In OLP lesions histomorphological analysis, the most common findings were: hyperparakeratinization, specimens with atrophic epithelium in erosive clinical form (p = 0.011), epithelial projections in most of reticular type of lesions, in addition Civatte bodies were identified in most samples of both clinical forms. For immunohistochemistry analysis, five fields with strong immunoreactivity for IL-17 and IL-23 were photomicrographed at 400x magnification, images were transferred to a computer where with ImageJ software®, lymphocytes that exhibited cytoplasmic immunostaining for these cytokines were counted. A mean was established after for each case. There was no statistically significant difference in the number of imunopositive lymphocytes for IL-17 and IL-23 among the group of OLP and IFH group, however a larger amount of lymphocytes imunopositive for IL-17 was found in the LPO group (p = 0.079) and significantly higher amounts of those lymphocytes were found in the erosive OLP when compared to the group of reticular OLP and IFH (p = 0.019). Furthermore, a marker epithelial immunopositivity for IL-17 was observed in OLP group. Although the results of this study do not permit the forceful assertion about the participation of Th17 lineage in OLP lesions, the findings of immunopositive lymphocytes counting for IL-17 and IL-23, which are potent proinflammatory cytokines, together with the the marked epithelial immunopositivity found for IL-17 in this study, suggest a possible role of this lineage in the pathogenesis of this disorder

Valor prognóstico de células TCD8+ E natural killer em carcinoma epidermóide oral e orofaringeano tratado com radioterapia e quimioterapia

The most common malignant neoplasm of the oral cavity and oropharynx are squamous cell carcinoma. Injuries to the same stage and subjected to the same treatment protocol have sometimes different evolutionary courses. The scope of this study was to investigate, through a retrospective cohort, associations between the number of CD8 + T cells and natural killer, identified immunohistochemically in the inflammatory infiltrate in a series of cases of oral squamous cell carcinoma and orofaringeano, and the level of tumor response to radiotherapy and chemotherapy, overall survival and relapse-free survival of patients. We identified 54 patients with unresectable disease were treated exclusively with radiotherapy and chemotherapy. The median follow-up was 22 months. The sample was characterized by the predominance of male subjects, median age 60 years, all were smokers. The most frequent site was the tongue and 81.5% were in stage IV. Patients with disease in the oral cavity had a worse response to treatment (p = 0.006), worse relapse-free survival (p = 0.007), worse overall survival (p = 0.007). The advanced T stage was shown a negative prognostic factor (p= 0.006) for the clinical treatment response made. Immunohistochemistry was performed to select CD8 + cells (anti-CD8) and NK cells (anti-CD57). Lymphocytes positive and negative markings were counted using the program ImageJ ®. Two groups were created for each marking evaluated: Group I patients with more than 50% cells positive, Group II: less than 50% of labeled cells. For CD8 + cells detected in 38 (70.3%) of Group I were CD8 + and 16 (29.7%) Group II CD8 +. For NK cells, 26 (48.15%) Group I NK and 28 (51.85%) Group II NK. Regarding the clinical response to treatment, we observed that 39% of patients achieved a complete response and 25.9% remained without recurrence at the end of follow-up. These results were better in Group I CD8 + (p = 0.2). Identified that 72.2% of patients progressed to death, this finding had no association with the immunohistochemical data. There was no statistically significant differences between the number of CD8 + and NK cells and the ability of tumor response to radiotherapy and chemotherapy, or with overall survival and relapse-free survival of patients. However, especially in relation to a learned response, we found that this group of patients with advanced disease have a low count of CD8 + T cells active. Believing in the role that the immune response plays in the local fight against neoplastic cells, however, our results do not support the use of quantitative analysis of CD8 + T cells and NK cells as a prognostic factors for oral squamous cell carcinoma and oropharynx

Desenvolvimento e validação de técnica quantitativa de análise de imagem para avaliação do teste do cometa corado pela prata

INTRODUÇÃO: O ensaio do cometa ou técnica da eletroforese de células isoladas é largamente empregado para avaliação de danos e reparo do DNA em células individuais. O material pode ser corado por técnicas de fluorescência ou por sal de prata. Este último apresenta vantagens técnicas, como o tipo de microscópio utilizado e a possibilidade de armazenamento das lâminas. A análise dos cometas pode ser feita de modo visual, porém há a desvantagem da subjetividade dos resultados, que pode ser minimizada por análise digital automatizada. OBJETIVOS: Desenvolvimento e validação de método de análise digital de cometas corados por sal de prata. MÉTODOS: Cinquenta cometas foram fotografados de maneira padronizada e impressos em papel. Além de medidas manualmente, essas imagens foram classificadas em cinco categorias por três avaliadores, antes e depois de pré-processadas automaticamente pelo software ImageJ 1.38x. As estimativas geradas pelos avaliadores foram comparadas quanto sua correlação e reprodutibilidade. em seguida, foram desenvolvidos algoritmos de análise digital das medidas, com base em filtros estatísticos de mediana e de mínimo. Os valores obtidos foram comparados com os estimados manual e visualmente após o pré-processamento. RESULTADOS: As medidas manuais das imagens pré-processadas apresentaram maior correlação intraclasse do que as imagens preliminares. Os parâmetros automatizados apresentaram alta correlação com as medidas manuais pré-processadas, sugerindo que este sistema aumenta a objetividade da análise, podendo ser utilizado na estimativa dos parâmetros dos cometas. CONCLUSÃO: A presente análise digital proposta para o teste do cometa corado pela prata mostrou-se factível e de melhor reprodutibilidade que a análise visual.

Avaliação de parâmetros métricos oculares pela fotografia digital da face: uso do diâmetro da íris como unidade de referência

Purpose: To evaluate reproducibility and precision of ocular measurements by digital photograph analysis, in addition to the transformation of the measures according to the individual iris diameter as an oculometric reference. Methods: Twenty-four eyes have been digitally photographed in a standardized way at two distances. Two researchers have analyzed these printed images using a caliper and these digital forms by ImageJ 1.37 (TM). Several external ocular parameters were estimated (mm and as iris diameter) and methods of measurement compared regarding their precision, agreement and correlation. Results: Caliper and digital analysis of oculometric measures provided significant agreement and correlation, nevertheless the precision of digital measures was higher. The estimates of numeric transformation from oculometric measures according to individual iris diameter resulted in great correlation to caliper measures and high agreement when compared to different distances of taking the photographs. Conclusions: Facial digital photographs allowed oculometric precise and reproducible estimates, endorsing clinical research usefulness. Using iris diameter as individual oculometric reference disclosed high reproducibility when facial photographs were taken at different distances.

Dimensão fractal na quantificação do grau de rejeição celular miocárdica pós-transplante cardíaco

INTRODUÇÃO: O termo fractal é derivado do latim fractus, que significa irregular ou quebrado, considerando a estrutura observada como tendo uma dimensão não-inteira. Há muitos estudos que empregaram a Dimensão Fractal (DF) como uma ferramenta de diagnóstico. Um dos métodos mais comuns para o seu estudo é a Box-plot counting (Método de contagem de caixas). OBJETIVO: O objetivo do estudo foi tentar estabelecer a contribuição da DF na quantificação da rejeição celular miocárdica após o transplante cardíaco. MÉTODOS: Imagens microscópicas digitalizadas foram capturadas na resolução 800x600 (aumento de 100x). A DF foi calculada com auxílio do software ImageJ, com adaptações. A classificação dos graus de rejeição foi de acordo com a Sociedade Internacional de Transplante Cardíaco e Pulmonar (ISHLT 2004). O relatório final do grau de rejeição foi confirmado e redefinido após exaustiva revisão das lâminas por um patologista experiente externo. No total, 658 lâminas foram avaliadas, com a seguinte distribuição entre os graus de rejeição (R): 335 (0R), 214 (1R), 70 (2R), 39 (3R). Os dados foram analisados estatisticamente com os testes Kruskal-Wallis e curvas ROC sendo considerados significantes valores de P < 0,05. RESULTADOS: Houve diferença estatística significativa entre os diferentes graus de rejeição com exceção da 3R versus 2R. A mesma tendência foi observada na aplicação da curva ROC. CONCLUSÃO: ADF pode contribuir para a avaliação da rejeição celular do miocárdio. Os valores mais elevados estiveram diretamente associados com graus progressivamente maiores de rejeição. Isso pode ajudar na tomada de decisão em casos duvidosos e naqueles que possam necessitar de intensificação da medicação imunossupressora.

Confiabilidade inter e intraexaminadores nas mensurações angulares por fotogrametria digital e goniometria

INTRODUÇÃO: A utilização da fotogrametria computadorizada em prol da goniometria, ou vice-versa, na prática clínica ainda necessita de fundamentações consistentes. OBJETIVOS: Os objetivos deste estudo foram: verificar a confiabilidade inter e intraexaminadores avaliadores na quantificação das medidas angulares obtidas a partir da fotogrametria computadorizada e a goniometria e determinar a confiabilidade paralela entre esses dois diferentes instrumentos de avaliação. MATERIAIS E MÉTODOS: 26 voluntários e 4 examinadores foram utilizados no estudo. A coleta foi realizada em 4 etapas sequenciais: demarcação dos pontos anatômicos de referência, mensuração e registro dos valores goniométricos, captação da imagem do voluntário com os marcadores fixados no corpo e avaliação do registro fotográfico no programa ImageJ. RESULTADOS: O goniômetro é um instrumento confiável na maioria das evidências, porém, a confiabilidade das medições depende principalmente da uniformização dos procedimentos. Considerações metodológicas relativas ao estabelecimento de confiabilidade e padronização da colocação dos marcadores se fazem necessárias, de modo a oferecer opções de avaliação ainda mais confiáveis para a prática clínica. CONCLUSÃO: Ambos os instrumentos são confiáveis e aceitáveis, porém, mais evidências ainda são necessárias para suportar a utilização desses instrumentos, pois poucos pesquisadores têm utilizado o mesmo desenho de estudo, e a comparação dos resultados entre eles muitas vezes são difíceis.

Surface study of vitreous carbon obtained from glassy carbon powder

This work presents a surface study of monolithic vitreous (or glassy) carbon - MVC - obtained from vitreous carbon powder. Defective MVC pieces are crushed in a ball mill and size classified by sifting. The MVC powder is mixed with furfuryl-alcohol resin and compacted in a mould using a hydraulic press. Samples with different powder granulometries are produced in this way and carbonized in a furnace under nitrogen atmosphere. Complete carbonization of the powder is achieved in only one day and losses due to breakage of the pieces is less than 5%. These results compare very favorably with respect to traditional MVC production methods where full carbonization may require up to seven days and losses due to breakage can be as high as 70%. After carbonization, samples are sanded and polished. Surface roughness and microstructure are characterized by light microscopy. Porosity is quantified from micrographs using ImageJ software and nanometric height variations are measured by atomic force microscopy. © 2012 Materials Research Society.

Assessment of eyebrow position before and after upper eyelid blepharoplasty

Objective: Assess the occurrence of secondary brow ptosis after upper lid blepharoplasty. Methods: Forty-five individuals (n90 brows) submitted to upper lid blepharoplasty, were assessed by means of a comparative analysis using pre- and post-operatively digital photographs, in the primary position of the eye. The images were processed using ImageJ software, transferred to a computer, to an electronic Microsoft Excel 2002® worksheet. Angular measurements were used, taking the lateral canthal angle of the brow, the most medial point of the brow, the medial canthal angle and the lateral canthal angle of the lid as anatomical reference points. When the outer angles were reduced or the inner angles increased after surgery this was considered a brow ptosis. Individuals who had undergone lid surgery associated with the eyebrow, previous eyebrow surgery and those with eyelid ptosis were excluded. The difference between the pre-operative and post-operative measurements were analyzed statistically using the Student's t-test for paired samples and the angular variation was compared with their corresponding contralateral sample using Wilcoxon's non-parametric test. Results: The measurements obtained after the blepharoplasty show significant variations from those before the surgery, indicating that the correction of redundant tissues in the brow accentuates the tendency of the eyebrow to move down. The alterations are more important in the lateral portion of the eyebrow and they occur bilaterally. Conclusion: The assessment of angular measurements obtained pre- and post-operatively showed that there are secondary changes in the position of the eyebrow as a result of upper eyelid blepharoplasty. © 2012 Informa Healthcare USA, Inc.

Alterações da densidade mineral óssea em vértebras de ratos wistar submetidos à ausência de carga nos membros pélvicos

The suspension of rats by the tail model is used to investigate the behavior of bone in animals unable to move around. Bone is an adaptative tissue that develops in structure and function, among other factors, in response to mechanical forces applied to it and metabolic demands that it will suffer. The absence of mechanical forces and deformation of bone that occurs causes a decrease in calcium deposition in the absence of stimuli on osteoblasts and osteocytes, favoring the action of osteoclasts, making bones weak and brittle. Therefore, the mechanical action is necessary to stimulate local bone response and thus provide growth and remodeling. The aim of this study was to evaluable by radiographic densitometry, the tail suspension for 15 and 36 days alter the bone mineral density of cervical vertebrae (C3), thoracic (T6) and lumbar (L1 and L3) of Wistar rats. Thirty Rattus norvegicus albinus, adult, male, Wistar strain, average body mass ± 350g, were divided into 3 groups: control (n = 10) - not suspended; S15 (n = 10) - suspended for 15 days and S36 (n = 10) - suspended for 36 days. For densitometric analysis vertebrae were radiographed, scanned, digitized and analyzed by the computer program ImageJ®. There was a statistically significant increase in bone mineral density in group S15, probably by the restlessness of the animals to the suspension, with a decrease in group S36, and this hypothetically is linked to the accommodation of the rats, concluding that the tail suspension altered bone mineral density in first time with a decrease over time.

Evaluation epidermal p53 immunostaining by digital image analysis

Digital techniques have been developed and validated to assess semiquantitatively immunohistochemical nuclear staining. Currently visual classification is the standard for qualitative nuclear evaluation. Analysis of pixels that represents the immunohistochemical labeling can be more sensitive, reproducible and objective than visual grading. This study compared two semiquantitative techniques of digital image analysis with three techniques of visual analysis imaging to estimate the p53 nuclear immunostaining. Methods: Sixty-three sun-exposed forearm-skin biopsies were photographed and submitted to three visual analyses of images: the qualitative visual evaluation method (0 to 4 +), the percentage of labeled nuclei and HSCORE. Digital image analysis was performed using ImageJ 1.45p; the density of nuclei was scored per ephitelial area (DensNU) and the pixel density was established in marked suprabasal epithelium (DensPSB). Results: Statistical significance was found in: the agreement and correlation among the visual estimates of evaluators, correlation among the median visual score of the evaluators, the HSCORE and the percentage of marked nuclei with the DensNU and DensPSB estimates. DensNU was strongly correlated to the percentage of p53-marked nuclei in the epidermis, and DensPSB with the HSCORE. Conclusion: The parameters presented herein can be applied in routine analysis of immunohistochemical nuclear staining of epidermis. © 2012 John Wiley & Sons A/S.

Sperm motility parameters for Steindachneridion parahybae based on open-source software

Summary: The objective of this work was to evaluate the sperm motility of 13 Steindachneridion parahybae males using open-source software (ImageJ/CASA plugin). The sperm activation procedure and image capture were initiated after semen collection. Four experimental phases were defined from the videos captured of each male as follows: (i) standardization of a dialogue box generated by the CASA plugin within ImageJ; (ii) frame numbers used to perform the analysis; (iii) post-activation motility between 10 and 20 s with analysis at each 1 s; and (iv) post-activation motility between 10 and 50 s with analysis at each 10 s. The settings used in the CASA dialogue box were satisfactory, and the results were consistent. These analyses should be performed using 50 frames immediately after sperm activation because spermatozoa quickly lose their vigor. At 10 s post-activation, 89.1% motile sperm was observed with 107.2 μm s-1 curvilinear velocity, 83.6 μm s-1 average path velocity, 77.1 μm s-1 straight line velocity; 91.6% were of straightness and 77.1% of wobble. The CASA plugin within ImageJ can be applied in sperm analysis of the study species by using the established settings. © 2013 Blackwell Verlag GmbH.

Análise do período de defeso do camarão marinho Artemesia longinaris através da maturidade ovariana anual

Pós-graduação em Aquicultura - FCAV

Efeito da estocagem a curto prazo e da temperatura sobre gametas de jundiá, Rhamdia quelen (Quoy & Gaimard, 1824)

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Submucosa intestinal suína acelular e semeada com células musculares homólogas na reparação tecidual da bexiga de cães

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)