Avaliações radiográfica e ultra-sonográfica do joelho de ovinos

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Burrowing behavior of Dermatonotus muelleri (Anura, Microhylidae) with reference to the origin of the burrowing behavior of Anura

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Role of endothelial cell apoptosis in regulation of skeletal muscle angiogenesis during high and low salt intake

Angiogenesis, under normal conditions, is a tightly regulated balance between pro- and antiangiogenic factors. The goal of this study was to investigate the mechanisms involved in the control of the skeletal muscle angiogenic response induced by electrical stimulation during the suppression of plasma renin activity (PRA) with a high-salt diet. Rats fed 0.4% or 4% salt diets were exposed to electrical stimulation for 7 days. The tibialis anterior ( TA) muscles from stimulated and unstimulated hindlimbs were removed and prepared for gene expression analysis, CD31-terminal deoxynucleotide transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling ( TUNEL) double-staining assay, and Bcl-2 and Bax protein expression by Western blot. Rats fed a low-salt diet showed a dramatic angiogenesis response in the stimulated limb compared with the unstimulated limb. This angiogenesis response was significantly attenuated when rats were placed on a high-salt diet. Microarray analysis showed that in the stimulated limb of rats fed a low-salt diet many genes related to angiogenesis were upregulated. In contrast, in rats fed a high-salt diet most of the genes upregulated in the stimulated limb function in apoptosis and cell cycle arrest. Endothelial cell apoptosis, as analyzed by CD31-TUNEL staining, increased by fourfold in the stimulated limb compared with the unstimulated limb. There was also a 48% decrease in the Bcl-2-to-Bax ratio in stimulated compared with unstimulated limbs of rats fed a high-salt diet, confirming severe apoptosis. This study suggests that the increase in endothelial cell apoptosis in TA muscle might contribute to the attenuation of angiogenesis response observed in rats fed a high-salt diet.

Description of a new species of Pseudopaludicola Miranda-Ribeiro, 1926 from the state of São Paulo, Southeastern Brazil (Anura, Leiuperidae)

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

A New Species of the Scinax perpusillus Group (Anura: Hylidae) from Espirito Santo, Brazil

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Is it all death feigning? Case in anurans

Anurans are known to feign death as a way to avoid or minimize the risk of predation. However, information on this defensive strategy is scattered and we believe that there is more than one behaviour type referred to as thanatosis. Here we review the literature, add original data, and propose definitions and new names that complement the present knowledge on the subject. We collected information on 334 individuals of 99 species in 16 families and grouped the recorded displays into two categories of tonic immobility: (1) thanatosis, death-feigning, or playing possum, and (2) shrinking or contracting. These two categories are treated as different behaviour types because of the display pattern (position of fore- and hindlimbs, eye opening), presence of skin toxins (shrinking is mostly displayed by toxic species, whereas thanatosis is mostly displayed by non-toxic species), social context (interaction with predators), and their putative or actual functions. © 2010 Taylor & Francis.

Perfil molecular e pesquisa de beta-lactamases de espectro ampliado de isolados de Klebsiella pneumoniase em rebanhos bovinos leiteiros no Estado de São Paulo

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Estudo da técnica de venografia dos dígotos de vacas

Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária - FMVZ

Morfologia funcional e desenho corporal da cintura pélvica e membros posteriores dos Tamanduás (Mammalia : Xenarthra : Myrmecophagidae)

Entre os mamíferos, os xenartros são, sem dúvida alguma um grupo bastante singular no que diz respeito à morfologia, fisiologia e hábitos locomotores e alimentares. Dentro da ordem Xenarthra, a família Myrmecophagidae é a que tem recebido nos últimos anos, menos atenção em termos de trabalhos sobre morfologia funcional e biomecânica, em especial dos membros posteriores. Visando contribuir para o enriquecimento do conhecimento biológico acerca da natureza morfofuncional e biomecânica dos membros posteriores (fêmur e tíbia) e cintura pélvica destes animais [gêneros Cyclopes (tamanduaí), Tamandua (tamanduá-de-colete) e Myrmecophaga (tamanduá-bandeira)], este trabalho propõe um estudo osteológico descritivo-comparativo destas estruturas, enfatizando os principais pontos com reflexo na funcionalidade biomecânica ligada aos hábitos locomotores. Para isso, além das descrições osteológicas, foram tomadas vinte e três medidas pós-cranianas distribuídas entre a cintura pélvica, fêmur, tíbia, úmero e rádio. A partir de tais medidas, foram calculados treze índices osteométricos, os quais provaram ser eficazes na caracterização morfofuncional dos três gêneros mirmecofagídeos, além de separá-los biomecanicamente em seus estilos locomotores.

Prevalência, características clínicas e epidemiológicas das enfermidades podais em vacas lactantes da bacia leiteira do município de Rondon do Pará

Com o objetivo de determinar a prevalência, classificar clinicamente e estabelecer os fatores epidemiológicos das enfermidades podais em vacas lactantes de propriedades localizadas na bacia leiteira do município de Rondon do Pará, foram avaliadas 1.236 vacas, das quais 275 apresentaram pelo menos um tipo de lesão podal, identificando-se 655 lesões e verificando-se uma prevalência de 22,25%. As enfermidades mais frequentemente diagnosticadas foram: hiperplasia interdigital, correspondendo a 80,92 %, seguida por pododermatite séptica difusa com 6,11%, crescimento excessivo do casco com 3,82%, casco em forma de tesoura com 2,60% e pododermatite da sobre unha com 2,44%. Os membros pélvicos foram os mais acometidos com 61,83% do total das lesões, sendo o espaço interdigital, tanto nos membros torácicos com 36,34%, como nos pélvicos com 48,09%, a região digital acometida com maior frequência. O estudo epidemiológico mostrou que as características ambientais (relevo montanhoso, pastagem em formação com presença de troncos e galhos de árvores, irregularidades nos pisos dos currais, presença de piçarra e lama) favorecem o aparecimento das lesões podais. Constatou-se a ausência de medida de controle e profilaxia com relação às afecções que acometem os cascos em 95,5% das propriedades estudadas. O exame clínico específico do casco foi eficiente no diagnóstico das enfermidades.

Avaliação das medidas articulares de membros pélvicos em ovinos

The aim of this study was to determine the angle of motion values for hindlimbs in clinically healthy adult Santa Ines sheep using a standard goniometer. Twenty female Santa Ines sheep weighing 32–45 kg (mean30.4, SD=3.7), and aged from three to six years old were used. A standard transparent plastic goniometer was used to measure passive maximum flexion, maximum extension, and range of motion (ROM) of the shoulder, elbow, carpal, hip, stifle, and tarsal joints, in the right and left limbs. The goniometric measurements were done with the sheep awake and in a standing position. The measurements were made in triplicate by two independent investigators. In all evaluated joints there was no significant difference between the means of both sides. No significant difference was observed between measurements performed by the two investigators. The mean (± SD) values of the measurements (degrees) were: 129 ± 4 (ROM) for tarsal joint; 46 ± 4 (flexion), 146 ± 6 (extension), and 100 ± 4 (ROM) for stifle joint; 54 ± 3 (flexion), 143 ± 7 (extension), and 89 ± 5 (ROM) for hip joint. The data obtained is useful to provide objective information of the joints. More studies are necessary using other breeds

Espondilomielopatia cervical caudal em cães: diagnóstico por imagem

The Caudal Cervical Spondylomyelopathy, also known as “Wobbler syndrome” is a neurological disorder that affects mainly breeds of large and giant size, especially Doberman pinsher and Great danes. Its aetiology is multifactorial and leads to a narrowing of the spinal canal by morphological and positional caudal cervical vertebrae (C5, C6 and C7), causing compression of the spinal cord and nerve roots. The clinical signs presented by the affected animals are progressive ataxia of hindlimbs and, later, the forelimbs, sometimes progressing to tetraparesis. Neck pain may be present. The diagnosis is made through the association of clinical signs and diagnostic imaging such as radiography, myelography, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. According to the classification of the lesion obtained by imaging examinations, the conservative or surgical treatment is established and the prognosis is variable in accordance with the degree of affection of the spinal cord

Aspectos clínicos e cirúrgicos do osteossarcoma canino

Osteosarcoma is the primary osseous neoplasia frequently diagnosed in dogs and it’s the main answerable for more than 85% of the neoplasias origened from the skeleton. The average age of onset of the lesion is 7 years, especially in large breeds and giant, with males being more affected than females. In general, 75% of osteosarcomas develop in the appendicular skeleton and 25% in the axial. The forelimbs are more affected than the hindlimbs, since support 60% of body weight. The osteosarcoma diagnosis is made by the analys of the animal’s clinic historic, detailed physique exams, blood exams alkaline phosphatase, xray exams, cytology, biopsy. The treatment of choice is the amputation associated to the chemotherapy. However, in some cases the member is preserved by the allograft technic. The chemotherapy associated to the surgery reduces the total load of the tumor, lengthens the interval of the life and improves the quality of pacient’s life. The most used medicines are cisplatin and doxorubicin. They can be used in separated or associated ways. The prognostic of dogs with osteosarcoma is reserved

Parâmetros cinéticos e têmporo-espaciais em cães com fraturas de coxal tratadas conservativamente

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Influência da obesidade sobre o tecido ósseo de Rattus novergicus albinus idosos, submetidos à suspensão pela cauda e ao exercício resistido

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)