Habilidades sociais e educação: programa de intervenção para professores de uma escola pública

Pós-graduação em Educação - FFC

Habilidades sociais em portadores de anomalia da diferenciação sexual

O termo Habilidades Sociais (HS) é usado para designar um conjunto de repertórios comportamentais que envolvem interações sociais satisfatórias. A maioria dos estudos publicados sobre essa temática inclui a participação de crianças e adolescentes, abordando situações em ambiente escolar. Poucos são os estudos voltados para a área de saúde, e, até o momento, não foram localizadas pesquisas sobre HS realizadas com indivíduos portadores de Anomalia da Diferenciação Sexual (ADS). Esta anomalia se caracteriza pela malformação na genitália e/ou pela disfunção das gônadas, ocasionando características sexuais secundárias não correspondentes ao sexo de criação. Estudos clínicos realizados com indivíduos portadores de ADS têm destacado a ocorrência de déficits em habilidades sociais nesses indivíduos, caracterizados pela fuga-esquiva de situações sociais aversivas. Neste trabalho, pretendeu-se caracterizar o repertório comportamental correspondente a HS em indivíduos com ADS atendidos no ambulatório de um programa especializado de um hospital da rede pública de Belém, por meio de dois estudos complementares. No primeiro, foi realizado um estudo com delineamento transversal, com o objetivo de caracterizar comportamentos correspondentes a HS em indivíduos com ADS. Participaram 9 adultos com mais de seis meses em tratamento. Foram utilizados: Roteiro de Entrevista, Protocolo para análise de prontuário e Inventário de Habilidades Sociais - IHS. Os resultados sugerem que os participantes apresentam déficit de habilidades sociais em todos os fatores do IHS em menor ou maior grau, de maneira que poderiam se beneficiar com um treinamento de habilidades sociais como parte do tratamento, por se tratar de uma técnica que visa à superação e/ou redução dos déficits por eles apresentados. No segundo, foi realizado um estudo com delineamento de sujeito único, com o objetivo de verificar os efeitos do uso de treino em automonitoramento na instalação de comportamentos correspondentes a HS. Participou uma adulta com diagnóstico de ADS selecionada dentre os que participaram do Estudo 1. O procedimento de intervenção ocorreu por meio de entrevistas semanais, de acordo com as seguintes etapas: (1) Contrato: assinatura do Termo de Consentimento Livre e Esclarecido e agendamento de entrevista; (2) Avaliação: levantamento da linha de base dos comportamentos correspondentes à HS, elaboração da hierarquia dos comportamentos que indicaram déficit segundo as normas de análise do IHS e treino em registro de automonitoração; (3) Intervenção: leitura de um texto sobre habilidades sociais, apresentação da lista de direitos humanos básicos, aplicação do Questionário Construcional de Goldiamond adaptado e treino em registro de automonitoramento; (4) Re-avaliação das HS: reaplicação do IHS; (5) Follow-up: avaliação da manutenção dos ganhos obtidos com o estudo; e (6) Encerramento: entrevista devolutiva para explanação dos resultados do estudo ao participante. Os resultados sugerem que a intervenção promoveu o desenvolvimento de HS na participante, haja vista a interpretação da evolução da participante apresentada de acordo com a variação do Escore Z e da representação gráfica de significância clínica e mudança confiável.

Contexto escolar: práticas educativas do professor, comportamento e habilidades sociais infantis

Educational practices, behavior problems and children's social skills have been more studied in family context than in school context. This study aimed to compare, from the verbal report, educational practices of regular and special teacher in relation to children's behavior, concerning groups differentiated by reference indication of behavior problems in the classroom by the teacher and sex of the children. This study surveyed fifteen teachers and twenty-eight students (6-9 years), who were grouped in regular teaching (n = 18, kindergarten, elementary) and especial teaching (n = 10). The assessment with teachers was proceeded by using a questionnaire (Q-RSH-Pr) and a semi-structured interview (RE-HSE-Pr). We observed that there is a significant difference: boys as well as children with behavior problems presented more difficulties than others. Their teachers revealed that they use more negative

A relação entre tabagismo e habilidades sociais: uma revisão da literatura

The literature suggests an association between drug use and addiction and the repertoire of social skills of the individual. However, there are still relatively few studies focusing specifically on the relationship between smoking and social skills. Moreover, Brazilian studies on the subject are scarce. This paper presents a review of the literature about smoking and social skills, emphasizing the theoretical underpinning research, as well as the main data obtained so far. One of the most investigated issues is the relationship between assertiveness and smoking. It is assumed that the lack of assertiveness and in particular the ability to refuse the supply of drugs and / or peer pressure to consumption can be a risk factor for smoking initiation, especially in adolescents. However, the literature on this issue is still controversial. It is assumed that further studies to elucidate these associations could contribute to prevention programs and intervention for tobacco use, using social skills training as a strategy.

Habilidades Sociais e Dependência Nicotínica em Universitários Fumantes

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Habilidades sociais e análise do comportamento: compatibilidades e dissensões conceitual-metodológicas

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Práticas educativas de professores, habilidades sociais e problemas de comportamento: um estudo comparativo, correlacional e preditivo

Pós-graduação em Psicologia do Desenvolvimento e Aprendizagem - FC

Habilidades sociais e comportamento do motorista entre universitárias usuárias e não usuárias de bebida alcoólica

Pós-graduação em Educação - FFC

Habilidades sociais, competência acadêmica e problemas de comportamento em crianças com diferentes níveis de plumbemia

Este estudo teve como objetivo verificar a relação entre diferentes níveis de plumbemia e o repertório de habilidades sociais, problemas de comportamento e competência acadêmica de crianças e adolescentes. Participaram 155 crianças e adolescentes, com idade média de 13,10 anos, pertencentes a três grupos: alta plumbemia (superior a 10μg/dl), baixa plumbemia (inferior a 5μg/dl) e que viviam em ambiente similar, mas livre da contaminação por chumbo (grupo de comparação). Foram utilizados os instrumentos SSRS-BR e o IHSA-Del-Prette, respondidos pelos participantes e seus professores. Identificou-se comprometimento no repertório comportamental, acadêmico e social, associado ao nível de plumbemia. Esses resultados evidenciam os riscos associados à exposição ao chumbo. São discutidas explicações para alguns resultados contraditórios, levantando-se hipóteses e questões para novos estudos.

Análise das comparações e correlações entre problemas de comportamento, práticas parentais e habilidades sociais

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Intervenção em habilidades sociais com uma criança com síndrome de Down

Studies show that children with Down’s syndrome have deficits in social skills, which can interfere in their social interactions and also in their academic performance. The aim of this study was to analyze the clinical significance and reliable change in repertory of social skills of a child with Down’s syndrome, from interventions in the clinic, at home and at school. A seven year old girl with Down’s Syndrome who had frequented the first year of regular school, her parents and her teacher participated in this study. They were attending in a Center of Applied Psychology, of a public university in São Paulo State. Before and after the intervention parents and teacher answered the Rating System Social Skills (SSRS). The intervention with the child had been conducted for six months, through playful activities in weekly meetings. It was discussed various topics related to social skills with parents and teacher in biweekly and monthly meetings. The results were analyzed using JT method. With parents, comparing the two assessments conducted, the data pointed to positive change reliable for four of the six skills assessed. Of the five skills assessed by the teacher, one of them was not in the clinical level since the first application. The other two went from clinical to non-clinical level, featuring reliable positive change. The study showed the importance of pre and post measures in case study, enabling the assessment of the effects of the intervention performed on the various factors of social skills. Further studies with larger populations may ratify the data obtained.

Habilidades sociais e problemas de comportamento: um estudo exploratório baseado no modelo construcional

The research aimed to assess, according to the constructional approach by Goldiamond, the reports of 20 mothers of children with behavior problems, (clinical group) and 20 mothers of children without these problems (non-clinical group), social skills and behavior problems of pre-school, investigate the situations and behaviors of mothers before the behavior of children and suggest hypotheses for functionally equivalent behaviors that were investigated. The instruments used were two scales, a questionnaire and a structured interview. The results indicated that children of non-clinical group presented with more frequency and diversity, social skills and with less frequency, of behavior problems compared to children of the clinical group.

Validação do roteiro de entrevista de Habilidades Sociais Educativas Parentais (RE-HSE-P)

The study of the parental educative social skills is extremely important for promoting the development and learning of children within interactive situations. The objective of this study was to assess reliability and validity of the Parental Educative Social Skills Interview Script (RE-HSE-P). It was proceeded: a) the test-retest reliability assessment, with a sample of 41 participants assessed in two distinct moments, with an interval of two months and the Cronbach's alpha was calculated; b) 213 parents of preschoolers (n =114) and school age children (n = 98) evaluated their children,were assessed for the construct and discrimination validity studies, differentiated in groups: a) demand for psychological intervention x community children without problems and b) children with behavior problems x children without behavior problems. The results showed satisfactory values of internal consistency and validity; besides, the factorial analysis pointed a unifactorial structure called positive parent-child interaction

Caracterização das habilidades sociais de universitários

The entering at the University requires new social skills and their deficits may bring to students academic and interpersonal diffi culties. Few studies have addressed the infl uence of undergraduate periods and gender diff erences regarding social skills shown by college students, including frequency and quality which they occur and previous and consequent interaction variables. The main objective of this article is to describe the social skills shown by college students over undergraduate years. For specifi c objectives this study intends (a) the comparison of student groups in diff erent years (fi rst/second; fi rst/third; second/third) of full-time and nocturne periods, of men and women and (b) the presentation of functional analysis of interactions, considering the most frequent behaviors and contexts. For that, 85 students of Design course were analyzed through the following instruments: the Social Skills Questionnaire to College Students, Behaviors and Contexts; and the Social Skills Inventory (SSI). The results indicate diff erences between men and women and between full-time students and nocturne ones, and the greatest diff erences were in comparison between years, indicating that the fi rst and second years require greater investments in interventions, because they present greater diffi culties in communication behaviors, expressiveness and confl ict resolution. Furthermore, implications, limitations and suggestions for research are discussed.

Problemas de comportamento e habilidades sociais infantis: modalidades de relato

The relationships between behavior problems and children social skills, such as the relevance of analysing these sides by report instruments had been emphasized in researches. It aims: a) to verify the components concerning to behavior problems and children social skills, which was identified through a undirected report instrument; b) to analyze the correlation of such indicators with ones detected by a directed report instrument and those ones referred in bibliography. The participants were 213 primary health carers of children in pre-school age (n = 114) and school age ones (n = 98). The results show that undirected and directed instruments are complementary to obtain informations. Besides, the combination of assessment modalities adds to the characterization of the behavioral repertoire.