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Women defending themselves: Cuban Romantic feminine voices (poetry and short stories)

Throughout history, women have played an important role in literature. Nevertheless, since Sappho's poetry until now, feminine voices have had to struggle for recognition of their works. ^ Before the nineteenth century, women were almost ignored in Spanish literature. Society kept them as “ángeles de la familia,” taking care of their homes, husbands, and children. Some of them, such as María de Zayas y Sotomayor in Spain and Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz in Mexico, complained about their situation in their writings. However, they expressed their fight not as a generation but as individuals. ^ In the nineteenth century, the ideas and ideals of Romanticism, were brought to Latin America from Europe. Cuba was among those countries where the new movement took roots. Initiated by Gertrudis Gómez de Avellaneda, a group of women began to participate in literary reunions, and to found newspapers and magazines where works authored by women, dedicated to feminist ideas, were published. They indeed through literature started to live out womanhood in order to intellectually leave the ideological prisons where society had been keeping them. ^ This study scans the literary works of all Romantic women writers in Cuba. It specifically analyzes poetry and short stories, and investigates how these authors expressed themselves in their works against the patriarchal society, where they lived and wrote their books. An eclectic critical method has been used. ^ Findings were very revealing. Only three of the fourteen writers studied in my dissertation had been previously mentioned by major critics. Most of them had been ignored. However, the greatest discovery was that they prompted something new: For the first time they projected themselves as a group, as a collective consciousness, and this fact established a difference with former women writers in Cuban literature before Romanticism. In other words, they produced a “Renaissance” in Cuba's literature. In spite of how they lived between 1820 and 1900, their struggles for women's rights have linked them to our current times. ^

Representation of people of color in the nineteenth century slavery novel in Cuba and Brazil

This dissertation explores the similarities and differences which characterize the depiction of people of color in certain representative nineteenth century Cuban and Brazilian slavery novels as a function of the authorial approach of each territory's literary tradition toward the issues of slavery, racial prejudice, and people of color. The selected texts, derived from the peak periods in slavery literature of each territory, include Francisco , by Anselmo Snárez y Romero; Sab, by Gertrudis Gómez de Avellaneda; Cecilia Valdés , by Cirilo Villaverde; A escrava Isaura, by Bernardo Guimarães; O mulato, by Aluísio Azevedo; and Bom-Crioulo, by Adolfo Caminha. While the present study explores the enslavement, abuse, and discrimination of people of color as a consequence of a deep-seated discourse of power, privilege and racial superiority, it focuses more extensively on the representation of people of color, particularly in their capacity to constructively appropriate the cultural values of the white dominant group and recognize their identity as ambiguous. ^ Said's theories of Orientalist discourse and geography and formation as well as Dube's perspective on subaltern-oriented studies provide a theoretical framework for exploring the response of slavery writers whose common exposure to slavery but dissimilar socio-political contexts generate some startling findings. Crafted within a period of political repression, fear of black revolt, factional in-fighting as well as strong socioeconomic ties to the slaveholding class, the Cuban texts generally fashioned an approach to slavery as one marked by moderation, reform, and cultural counter discourse and consequently depict people of color with a more passive but culturally authentic outlook. On the other hand, the Brazilian response to the issue of slavery, steeped in an ideological amalgam of liberalism, positivism, republicanism, and abolitionism, is characterized by overt opposition to slavery and a representation of people of color that is less concerned with cross-cultural input but reclaims their humanity as highly educable and socially mobile persons in search of greater freedoms. Ultimately, there is a shared message of higher significance couched in the worthwhile mission of raising slaves to the level of men. ^

La mujer en defensa de la mujer: voces femeninas del romanticismo cubano (Poesía y cuento)

Throughout history, women have played an important role in literature. Nevertheless, since Sappho's poetry until now, feminine voices have had to struggle for recognition of their works. Before the nineteenth century, women were almost ignored in Spanish literature. Society kept them as "ángeles de la familia," taking care of their homes, husbands, and children. Some of them, such as María de Zayas y Sotomayor in Spain and Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz in Mexico, complained about their situation in their writings. However, they expressed their fight not as a generation but as individuals. In the nineteenth century, the ideas and ideals of Romanticism, were brought to Latin America from Europe. Cuba was among those countries where the new movement took roots. Initiated by Gertrudis Gómez de Avellaneda, a group of women began to participate in literary reunions, and to found newspapers and magazines where works authored by women, dedicated to feminist ideas, were published. They indeed through literature started to live out womanhood in order to intellectually leave the ideological prisons where society had been keeping them. This study scans the literary works of all Romantic women writers in Cuba. It specifically analyzes poetry and short stories, and investigates how these authors expressed themselves in their works against the patriarchal society, where they lived and wrote their books. An eclectic critical method has been used. Findings were very revealing. Only three of the fourteen writers studied in my dissertation had been previously mentioned by major critics. Most of them had been ignored. However, the greatest discovery was that they prompted something new: For the first time they projected themselves as a group, as a collective consciousness, and this fact established a difference with former women writers in Cuban literature before Romanticism. In other words, they produced a "Renaissance" in Cuba's literature. In spite of how they lived between 1820 and 1900, their struggles for women's rights have linked them to our current times.

Figuraciones de la esclavitud en novelas y ensayos antiesclavistas de Cuba y Brasil, 1840-1880

La tesis doctoral presentada da cuenta de las "figuraciones de la esclavitud" en un amplio corpus textual (ensayos y novelas) de autores representativos de la "narrativa antiesclavista" en el siglo XIX, centrada en las áreas de Cuba y Brasil. Desde una perspectiva comparativa, que atiende a los planos retóricos y discursivos, se analizan puntualmente novelas y ensayos de autores canónicos como Gertrudis Gómez de Avellaneda, Cirilo Villaverde, José Antonio Saco, Alejandro von Humboldt, José de Alencar, Bernardo Guimaraes, Joaquim Nabuco y Jean-Baptiste Debret. A la vez, se incorpora la plasmación de un enfoque interdisciplinar en el análisis de la "narrativa antiesclavista", abordando también aspectos que remiten a la historiografía política, social y económica sobre el proceso de la esclavitud en el período de 1840-1880, junto con otros de articulación antropológica, cultural y estética en ambas zonas mencionadas

Figuraciones de la esclavitud en novelas y ensayos antiesclavistas de Cuba y Brasil, 1840-1880

La tesis doctoral presentada da cuenta de las "figuraciones de la esclavitud" en un amplio corpus textual (ensayos y novelas) de autores representativos de la "narrativa antiesclavista" en el siglo XIX, centrada en las áreas de Cuba y Brasil. Desde una perspectiva comparativa, que atiende a los planos retóricos y discursivos, se analizan puntualmente novelas y ensayos de autores canónicos como Gertrudis Gómez de Avellaneda, Cirilo Villaverde, José Antonio Saco, Alejandro von Humboldt, José de Alencar, Bernardo Guimaraes, Joaquim Nabuco y Jean-Baptiste Debret. A la vez, se incorpora la plasmación de un enfoque interdisciplinar en el análisis de la "narrativa antiesclavista", abordando también aspectos que remiten a la historiografía política, social y económica sobre el proceso de la esclavitud en el período de 1840-1880, junto con otros de articulación antropológica, cultural y estética en ambas zonas mencionadas

Figuraciones de la esclavitud en novelas y ensayos antiesclavistas de Cuba y Brasil, 1840-1880

La tesis doctoral presentada da cuenta de las "figuraciones de la esclavitud" en un amplio corpus textual (ensayos y novelas) de autores representativos de la "narrativa antiesclavista" en el siglo XIX, centrada en las áreas de Cuba y Brasil. Desde una perspectiva comparativa, que atiende a los planos retóricos y discursivos, se analizan puntualmente novelas y ensayos de autores canónicos como Gertrudis Gómez de Avellaneda, Cirilo Villaverde, José Antonio Saco, Alejandro von Humboldt, José de Alencar, Bernardo Guimaraes, Joaquim Nabuco y Jean-Baptiste Debret. A la vez, se incorpora la plasmación de un enfoque interdisciplinar en el análisis de la "narrativa antiesclavista", abordando también aspectos que remiten a la historiografía política, social y económica sobre el proceso de la esclavitud en el período de 1840-1880, junto con otros de articulación antropológica, cultural y estética en ambas zonas mencionadas

Recensão: C. Cosmen Alonso; M. V. Herráez Ortega; M. P. Gómez-Calcerrada, (coord.), El intercambio artístico entre los reinos hispanos y las cortes europeas en la baja edad media

Recensão de: C. Cosmen Alonso; M. V. Herráez Ortega; M. P. Gómez-Calcerrada, (coord.). 2009. El intercambio artístico entre los reinos hispanos y las cortes europeas en la baja edad media. León: Universidad de León

O poder da linguagem e a heteronormatividade inconsciente: uma leitura comparada entre Lupe Gómez e Adília Lopes

Dissertação de mestrado em Teoria da Literatura e Literaturas Lusófonas

Gómez Santacruz, Julio: La Meseta Superior Hispana durante la Época Antonina. Universidad de Valladolid, 1993

El conocimiento de la Meseta Superior en la Antigüedad es muy desigual y obras como la presente, que sintetizan y reúnen aspectos dispersos en multitud de publicaciones, cubren un importante hueco. Por diversas causas la investigación venía atendiendo con mayor interés las etapas de cambio histórico, los pueblos prerromanos y los primeros tiempos de la implantación romana, la crisis del siglo III y su transformación posterior, etc. Se echaba en falta una obra monotemática sobre la maduración romanizadora, que indagara en los motivos de crisis que ya en ella se intuyen, durante ese siglo falsamente "anodino", es decir, el espacio de tiempo comprendido entre los años 96-198.

Dr. Pedro Gómez de Almodóvar (1601-1667). Médico, matemático y astrónomo hellinense

En este artículo se presentan una serie de datos biográficos que dan luz sobre la vida del Dr. Pedro Gómez de Almodóvar, médico, matemático y astrónomo hellinense del siglo XVII. La revisión de libros sacramentales, así como el análisis de diversas escrituras notariales (testamentos, inventarios, ventas, etc.) aportan nuevos datos sobre este personaje descubierto por Francisco Mendoza y Luis-Guillermo García-Sauco hace ya 30 años cuando publicaron su interesante biblioteca.

"Gómez Álvarez, Cristina: Navegar con libros. El comercio de libros entre España y Nueva España. Una visión cultural de la Independencia (1750-1820) (2011)". Anuario de Estudios Americanos, v. 70, n. 1 (2013), p. 355-359.

Este libro se ocupa del análisis del tráfico de libros entre Europa y Nueva España durante los años 1750-1820. Se trata de la primera síntesis sobre estos asuntos con la que contamos para este interesante periodo del trasvase cultural entre Europa y México.