Nutrient cycling in a RRIM 600 clone rubber plantation

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Effect of Phytase Supplementation in Diets on Nutrient Digestibility and Performance in Broiler Chicks

A performance trial was conducted with broiler chicks to Study the effect of phytase (PHY) supplementation in diets formulated With reduced AME, Ca, and P. The nutrient digestibility was determined during the 14- to 21-d and 28- to 35-d periods. The treatments consisted of 3 diets (NC1, NC2. NC3) differing ill nutrient content and each diet with Or without supplemental PHY (NC1, 0 oi 500; NC2, 0 or 750; NC3, 0 or 1,000 U of PHY/kg feed) and I positive control diet (PC). Compared with the PC diet. negative control diets (NC) resulted in lower AME and apparent ileal amino acid digestibility for some amino acids. Phytase Supplementation of the NC diets increased AME. apparent ileal amino acid digestibility, and apparent ileal crude protein digestibility. Phytase addition also increased mineral absorption in 2 1 - and 35-d-old broilers fed NC diets. Reduced nutrient digestibility appears to be I factor in the weight gain and feed intake results. Reducing Ca and P content reduced feed intake in a stepwise fashion in the NC diets. Phytase increased feed intake and generally improved nutrient digestibility, which resulted in an increase in digestible nutrient intake. Averaged across NC diets. PHY improved body weight. Bone-breaking strength was the most consistent predictor of Ca and P reduction. All NC diets had significantly lower bone-breaking strength than the PC. Phytase supplementation of the NC diets gave bone-breaking strengths that were comparable to the PC. Diets with PHY had the highest bioeconomic index.

The influence of sardine consumption on the omega-3 fatty acid content of mature human milk

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate what effect the ingestion of sardines, rich in omega-3 series polyunsaturated fatty acids, has on the composition of breastmilk. Methods: This was a prospective study of 31 nursing mothers under observation at the Hospital Guilherme Álvaro. Each was given 2 kg of fresh sardines twice with a 15-day interval. Milk was sampled and a 24-hour dietary recall questionnaire was applied on days 0, 15 and 30. Milk was assayed for fatty acid content by gas chromatography. Statistical analysis of the results was performed using nonparametric tests with significance set at p < 0.05. Results: The results demonstrate that the nutritional intake of the nursing mothers was adequate at all three sample points. With regard to the omega-3 series fatty acid content of the breastmilk, it was observed that regular consumption and shorter intervals between ingestion and milk collection resulted in higher concentrations of docosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid at 15 and 30 days into the study. Fatty acids from the omega-3 and omega-6 series exhibited a significant correlation, r 2 was 0.58 and 0.59 at 15 and 30 days, respectively. Conclusion: These results suggest that incorporating fish into the diets of nursing mother during lactation, in the form of 100 g of sardines two or three times a week, contributes to an increase in omega-3 series fatty acids. Copyright © 2006 by Sociedade Brasileira de Pediatria.

Simple procedure for nutrient analysis of coffee plant with energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (EDXRF)

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Uso do extrato pirolenhoso: Efeito no solo e nas plantas de tomate

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Aplicação de cloreto e silicato de potássio em gérbera (Gerbera jamesonii L.) de vaso

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Uso de sub-produtos da fabricação de carvão vegetal na formação do porta-enxerto limoeiro 'cravo' em ambiente protegido

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Produção Vegetal) - FCAV

Biofortificação com zinco, selênio e ferro, e biodisponibilidade de ferro em cultivares de feijoeiro-comum

The common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), a staple food in nutritional diet of Brazilians and populations in developing countries, is a nutritionally rich legume with potential for biofortification. Approximately one third of the world population suffers from nutritional deficiencies, being necessary to increase the nutrient content in vegetables, especially iron (Fe), selenium (Se) and zinc (Zn), which are important micronutrients for plants and human health. In this context, three studies were carried out aiming to evaluate the potential of common bean cultivars to biofortification with Fe, Se and Zn, and verify the interaction between these minerals and iron bioavailability, in order to contribute to increased nutritional quality of grains, reducing the micronutrients deficiency and improving human health. In the first study, experiments were conducted in a greenhouse, with ten common bean cultivars in nutrient solution under different treatments with Fe, Se and Zn. The plant growth and the mineral content of the beans were evaluated in addition to verify the influence of polyphenol and phytate levels on Fe bioavailability in grains fortified with Zn and Se. The evaluated beans cultivars have proved promising for simultaneous biofortification with these nutrients without greatly affecting Fe bioavailability. In the second study, the aim was evaluate the interaction between Fe, Se and Zn in cultivars consumed in Brazil or in USA. Gene expression and root microscopy analysis were performed in order to understand the positive effect of Zn supply on the Fe uptake by roots. The expression of genes related to the transport and uptake of Fe and Zn did not clearly explain the influence of Zn in Fe nutrition. The roots microscopy and the evaluation of nutrient solutions used showed that, in the presence of Zn, there was Fe accumulation in epidermis of the roots and not in the vascular system, prone to be precipitated when it goes through the root membrane. In the latest study, a field experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of Zn fertilization via soil and foliar, in the content and accumulation of Fe and Zn in grains and in the yield of common bean cultivars, in addition to verify the amount of these micronutrients supplied by biofortified beans. The fertilization with Zn did not affect the yield, but provided high levels of this nutrient in grains of the cultivars analyzed, representing 27% of the recommended daily intake of Zn. The higher Fe content in beans, obtained when there was no application of foliar Zn, supplies 56% of the daily requirement of Fe.

Efeito do B, Mo e Zn no conteúdo de proteínas, carboidratos e aminoácidos livres em grãos e sementes de ervilha (Pisum sativum L.)

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Composto orgânico e nitrogênio em soqueira de cana-de-açúcar

Pós-graduação em Agronomia - FEIS

Cultura do milho (Zea mays L.) em sucessão com aveia preta (Avena strigosa Schreb.) em áreas sob manejo agroflorestal em aléias com Leucaena diversifolia

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Agricultura) - FCA

Diagnose nutricional da goiabeira

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Adubação nitrogenada e potássica em goiabeiras 'Paluma' manejadas no sistema intensivo de produção

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Manejo da adubação nitrogenada na cultura do milho pelo uso da inoculação com azospirillum brasilense em consórcio com capim xaraés

Pós-graduação em Agronomia - FEIS

Fontes e doses de fósforo na presença e ausência de composto orgânico no estado nutricional e na produtividade da cana-de-açúcar

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Ciência do Solo) - FCAV