Photoacoustic effect measurement in aqueous suspensions of gold nanorods caused by low-frequency and low-power near-infrared pulsing laser irradiation

When aqueous suspensions of gold nanorods are irradiated with a pulsing laser (808 nm), pressure waves appear even at low frequencies (pulse repetition rate of 25 kHz). We found that the pressure wave amplitude depends on the dynamics of the phenomenon. For fixed concentration and average laser current intensity, the amplitude of the pressure waves shows a trend of increasing with the pulse slope and the pulse maximum amplitude.We postulate that the detected ultrasonic pressure waves are a sort of shock waves that would be generated at the beginning of each pulse, because the pressure wave amplitude would be the result of the positive interference of all the individual shock waves.

Identificación y evaluación de los recursos pesqueros de la República de Guinea Bissau para su explotación sostenible

A través del conocimiento de los recursos pesqueros, es decir especies, cantidad extraíble, métodos de pesca, etc., se ofrece a la comunidad un medio para mejorar su nivel de vida. En el presente trabajo se han catalogado 171. especies cuya captura es rentable económicamente. Están agrupadas en tres Phyllum y 73 familias. Una vez realizada la identificación de especies, se ha elaborado un modelo matemático, que basado en la dinámica de poblaciones, nos permite estimar la cantidad de biomasa existente en el caladero para una determinada especie. En función de la biomasa estimada de esta forma, pueden planificarse las capturas, de tal forma que la explotación del recurso sea sostenible, para evitar que éste se agote. En función de la estimación, las autoridades económicas podrán planificar la política pesquera adecuada para conseguir la sostenibilidad ambiental y económica a medio y largo plazo. Se puede aplicar este modelo a cualquier especie, pero lo hemos particularizado a la gamba blanca por su especial interés económico para el país. Se observa cómo evolucionarán las capturas hasta el año 2027, en el que tanto la producción como el beneficio es máximo. A continuación obtenemos una estabilización de las capturas y por tanto de los ingresos, lo que nos permite mantener la extracción y la sostenibilidad de la especie. ABSTRACT The knowledge of fishery resources, i.e., species, the quantity of fish that can be caught, fishing methods, etc, provides the community with a means to improve their standard of living. In this work, we have listed some species the yield of which is economically profitable. They have been grouped into three categories… The mathematical model, based on population dynamics, allows us to plan the harvesting and to estimate resources. In turn, this will translate into an ability to plan the budget by the economic authorities, since the middle and long turn incomes are known. This model can be applied to any species, but we have chosen the white shrimp because of its special economic value for the country. It shows how the yields will develop up to a maximum in 2027. Then we will obtain a stable catch and therefore a stable income. This will allow us to maintain the harvesting and also the sustainability of the species.

Coplas novas, humorísticas y epigramáticas [Texto impreso] : seguit de unas endevinallas modernas extretas de lletras del abecedari

Encuadernado en : Literatura de cordel

Pan Michael, an historical novel of Poland, the Ukraine, and Turkey;

Translation of Pan Wołodyjowski.

Bibliographie nationale.

Editors: A. de Koninck, J. De Le Court, C. Ruelens, V. Luerquin, H. Verbeke, F. Molenschot.

Catalogue. Supplement. Newspapers published in Great Britain and Ireland. 1801-1900.

Cover-title.

Munson's system of practical phonography. The dictionary of practical phonography, giving the best phonographic forms for the words of the English language (sixty thousand), and for over five thousand proper names; also illustrating the principles of phrase-writing ...

Re-issue of the edition of 1875, with a new title-page.

The household of Sir Thomas More,

With added series title, engraved, and second half-title.

Original poetry by Victor & Cazire (Percy Bysshe Shelley & Elizabeth Shelley)

With reprint of original t.-p.

Three hundred notable books added to the Library of the British Museum under the keepership of Richard Garnett 1890-1899.

Includes index.

A history of Italian literature /

"Bibliographical note": p. 419-424.

Olives; the reminiscences of a president,

Mode of access: Internet.

Solid geometry,

Available on demand as hard copy or computer file from Cornell University Library.

The Universal anthology : a collection of the best literature, ancient mediaeval and modern, with biographical and explanatory notes /

"Limited to one thousand copies ..."

Rex regum; a painter's study of the likeness of Christ from the time of the apostles to the present day,

Mode of access: Internet.