Ensinando-se a ensinar professoras a ensinarem-se a ensinar seus alunos a ensinarem-se a ensinar...

Este trabalho estuda como é virar professora de professoras por meio da análise de aulas de Português trabalhadas com alunas do primeiro ano do Curso Normal durante o período letivo de 2003, sendo a professora a própria pesquisadora. A hipótese analisada é a seguinte: o ensino da escrita e da leitura como habilidades a serem desenvolvidas e a serem processadas ensina Português e ensina a ensinar Português, ao mesmo tempo em que valoriza os alunos e o professor nele envolvidos como produtores de conhecimento, produzindo a auto-estima tão necessitada por eles para empenharem-se no processo de ensino – aprendizagem. Para tanto, a professora pesquisadora tem a tarefa de ensinar as suas alunas a ler, escrever e refletir sobre a linguagem, ao mesmo tempo em que assume o desafio de ensinar-se a fazer isso tudo e de ensinar as suas alunas a ensinarem-se a fazer isso tudo também, para futuramente poderem repetir o mesmo processo, ensinando-se a ler para produzir sentido e a escrever para produzir conhecimento, a fim de passarem isso tudo para seus futuros alunos também. Trata-se, então, de desenvolver uma nova maneira de ensinar, o que implica em um posicionamento teórico-prático diferente do tradicional, utilizando-se para tanto das idéias de Bagno, Foucambert, Geraldi, Travaglia e Guedes (orientador deste trabalho) com relação às questões de ensino de língua, linguagem, leitura, escrita, e outros tópicos relacionados a estes. Embora não tenha chegado a um final mais conclusivo, por analisar a prática de somente um dos quatro anos que se pretende trabalhar com a turma, a pesquisa constata, pelas aulas analisadas, que a professora aprendeu muito sobre o Português e sobre o ensino do mesmo, e pôde passar isso tudo às alunas, que também iniciaram um processo de reflexão mais geral em relação aos tópicos trabalhados, embora elas não tenham mostrado um resultado totalmente satisfatório relacionado às questões mais específicas.

Ensinar e Fazer o Direito

Escola de Direito do Rio de Janeiro da Fundação Getulio Vargas

Demolir os muros da fábrica de ensinar

O artigo começa por discutir "cultura escolar" e a necessidade de uma mudança de paradigma educacional. Em seguida, discute a contradição entre o objectivo de educar professores inovadores na utilização de Tecnologias da Informação e Comunicação (TIC) e a tentativa de fazer isso sob a influência da cultura tradicional embutida nas paredes e nas rotinas da escola, invocando Seymour Papert, como um dos principais críticos da escola fabril. Finalmente, é avançada uma possível forma de contornar aquela contradição, desde que os formadores de professores estejam conscientes de que ela existe e abordem a formação dos professores segundo uma abordagem construtivista e de acordo com o princípio de isomorfismo, formulado por Gaston Mialaret.

Habitus docente e representação social do ensinar Geografia na Educação Básica de Teresina - Piauí

The literature about the Geography teaching has shown that most male and female teachers of this subject go on guiding their teaching practice based on the traditional Geography fundamentals, whose main characteristic consist in the description of places. The incorporation of scientific standards that change the old principles and concepts have not been happening, unless in a punctual way. The overcoming of the traditional Geography, related to the aspects accepted by the scientific field have not happened in Brazil yet, not only because of certain obvious obstacles, as the literature has been pointed out but also by symbolic obstacles, which block the incorporation of the new, of the non habitual action. One of those obstacles that motivated the accomplishment of this study was the social representations that are theoretically studied here under the perspective developed by Serge Moscovici. Then, the focus of this doctorate study is concentrated in the apprehension of the content and structure of the social representation of teaching of Geography and its relation with the habitus that gives form and social visibility to the ones who are teachers of that subject in Teresina. The consecution of this work was especially based on the Pierre Bourdieu´s praxiology, mainly on the concepts of social field, habitus and capital, as well as the theory of social representations, specifically on the approach of central nucleus developed by Jean-Claude Abric and Jean-Claude Flament. The initial hypothesis pointed out the existence of a Geographer´s primary habitus built through the development process of the geographic science field in Brazil, as a basis of production of a social representation of teaching geography . That representation, however, would act as a symbolic obstacle to the incorporation of the new scientific contents and pedagogical practice, which require from the teacher investigative and questionable attitude in the presence of the reality and contents approached in the classroom. That initial hypothesis laid on the theoretical purpose that it has been developed by Domingos Sobrinho (1997), which states that there is a narrow relationship between the habitus and social representation. The study was developed with male and female teachers of Geography from public schools of Teresina. The methodology involved the use of a questionnaire, the free-word association technique and deep interviews. The achieved results showed the presence of a complex process of representational construction and its articulation with a habitus produced by the synthesis of several situational and cultural referents, from among of them we can point out an insertion in a social field of practice exclusively related to the teaching and the reproduction of a professoral teaching (SILVA, 2003), built through the school development process, which those male and female teachers were exposed. The initial hypothesis that considered the local reproduction of a primary habitus of the Geography was denied, therefore, it was verified that there is not in Teresina the production/reproduction of the structures, rules and practice of the national scientific field, in which this subject is inserted. Hence, the incorporation of the new patterns of the geographic scientific knowledge is difficult because of the inexistence of a scientific habitus, that is, mental schema systems that would let the teachers mentioned above connect themselves appropriately to the science and its practices. So, it has gotten a social representation of teaching geography based on contents strictly related to the reproduction of structures, mental schema from the educational field which attach themselves to the hegemonic pedagogical practices in the national scope

Ensinar/Aprender ortografia: uma experiência na formação de professores

The studies in the education area have been defending the importance of forming autonomous teachers that they look for to understand the context in that they act, for that movement to make possible educational interventions with better conditions of the students' learning. In the extent of the teachers' formation, it has been discussed the importance of formative actions that they have as focus the analysis of the needs in the educational formation, as alternative to turn such more significant actions. Concerned with those subjects and with the school failure in the Brazilian education, especially in the children's of the public school literacy, we accomplished this work that aims at to investigate the needs of teachers' of the Fundamental Teaching of the public school formation, in the extent of their students' orthographic difficulties, building with those teachers knowledge on the process of teaching/learning spelling. The study was accomplished at a municipal school of the city of Parnamirim-RN, that offers the Fundamental Teaching I. the approach investigativa is of qualitative nature, where the case study and the research-action were used as methodologies. They participated in the research 7 teachers and 1 coordinator of the institution. For the construction of the data the following instruments were used: glimpsed semi-directing collective and individual, documental analysis, questionnaire and observation, that made possible the triangulation of the data for the content analysis. The main results pointed that the teachers' of that school initial needs were addressed not only to the teaching of the spelling, but also to the formation type that they would receive. We verified although the formative process was favorecedor of sockets of the teachers' conscience: related to the orthographic mistakes, to the strategies used at classroom and to the planning addressed to the teaching of the spelling. Finally, we concluded that the teachers' reflection researched about their own formation needs contributed for (trans)formations of their conceptions and practices related to the teaching of the spelling, even before some found difficulties, so much in the formation as in practice pedagogic developed by the participants