998 resultados para Endotoxemia Teses
Resumo:
Estudo de natureza descritiva cujo objetivo foi traar um panorama temtico das dissertaes de mestrado e teses de doutorado apresentadas ao Programa de Ps-graduao em Cincias da Comunicao rea de concentrao: Cincia da Informao e Documentao da Escola de Comunicaes e Artes da Universidade de So Paulo, no perodo de 1979 a 2002. O universo de estudo constituiu-se de 114 documentos (75 dissertaes de mestrado e 39 teses de doutorado). As variveis da produo analisada referiram-se distribuio temporal, temticas abordadas e sua relao com as linhas de pesquisa departamentais. As dissertaes/teses foram agrupadas nas categorias da Lista de Cabealho de Assunto adotada pelo Library and Information Science Abstracts (LISA). Observou-se que a produo discente da ps-graduao manteve-se estvel no perodo, com tendncia a aumentar. Na anlise temtica, as categorias 19.0 Other Fringe Subjects [Outros Assuntos Correlatos] e 12.0 Bibliographc Records [Registro Bibliogrfico] foram as mais abordadas, detendo respectivamente, 22,81% e 15,54% da produo. Foram identificados como temas de maior interesse para a elaborao dos trabalhos: ao cultural, sistemas e linguagens de indexao, materiais em C&T e medicina, bibliotecas pblicas e meios de comunicao de massa. Contatou-se que as temticas abordadas na produo refletem as caractersticas da rea de concentrao e das linhas de pesquisa.
Resumo:
A nonhypotensive dose of endotoxin was administered to normal conscious rats to evaluate the vascular and humoral effects of endotoxemia per se. Mean blood pressure and heart rate remained stable during the 45 min infusion of Escherichia coli endotoxin (0.01 mg/min). However, a marked increase in plasma renin activity (4.2 +/- 0.48 vs. 30.2 +/- 6 ng.ml-1.h-1, mean +/- SE, P less than 0.01), plasma epinephrine (0.112 +/- 0.04 vs. 1.71 +/- 0.5 ng/ml, P less than 0.01), and plasma norepinephrine (0.269 +/- 0.028 vs. 1.3 +/- 0.2 ng/ml, P less than 0.001) was observed during infusion in endotoxin-treated rats when compared with the vehicle-treated animals. In addition, the blood pressure response to exogenous norepinephrine was significantly reduced during nonhypotensive endotoxemia. Significant changes in regional blood flow distribution, as assessed by radiolabeled microspheres, were observed in endotoxemic rats; in particular a decrease in renal blood flow (7.39 +/- 0.43 vs. 5.97 +/- 0.4 ml.min-1.g-1, P less than 0.05) and an increase in coronary blood flow (5.01 +/- 0.38 vs. 6.44 +/- 0.33 ml.min-1.g-1, P less than 0.01) were found. The role of prostaglandins in the vascular and humoral alterations induced by nonhypotensive endotoxemia was also examined. Pretreatment with indomethacin (5 mg) prevented the increase in plasma renin activity as well as plasma catecholamine levels. On the contrary, the decreased vascular reactivity and the reduction in renal blood flow observed during endotoxemia were not affected by prostaglandin synthesis inhibition. Thus significant vascular and humoral changes have been found during endotoxemia even in absence of hypotension.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Resumo:
A partir do histrico da cincia da informao no Brasil, realizou-se estudo visando a investigar, mediante princpios e categorias, a relao das disciplinas com a cincia da informao. O modelo aplicado dividiu o corpus de 58 teses em trs categorias: disciplinas como conjuntos distintos, j que os conceitos e mtodos dessa categoria no so suficientes para formalizar um quadro interdisciplinar. A segunda pela interao dos conceitos abordados, com encadeamento das questes colocadas pelas disciplinas na busca de soluo para o problema proposto. A terceira remete integrao entre a disciplina e a cincia da informao, apresentando uma linguagem comum. O resultado do estudo visa a contribuir para a criao de um mtodo de pesquisa interdisciplinar para a ps-graduao brasileira.
Resumo:
PURPOSE: Low tidal volume ventilation and permissive hypercapnia are required in patients with sepsis complicated by ARDS. The effects of hypercapnia on tissue oxidative metabolism in this setting are unknown. We therefore determined the effects of moderate hypercapnia on markers of systemic and splanchnic oxidative metabolism in an animal model of endotoxemia. METHODS: Anesthetized rats maintained at a PaCO(2) of 30, 40 or 60 mmHg were challenged with endotoxin. A control group (PaCO(2) 40 mmHg) received isotonic saline. Hemodynamic variables, arterial lactate, pyruvate, and ketone bodies were measured at baseline and after 4 h. Tissue adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and lactate were measured in the small intestine and the liver after 4 h. RESULTS: Endotoxin resulted in low cardiac output, increased lactate/pyruvate ratio and decreased ketone body ratio. These changes were not influenced by hypercapnia, but were more severe with hypocapnia. In the liver, ATP decreased and lactate increased independently from PaCO(2) after endotoxin. In contrast, the drop of ATP and the rise in lactate triggered by endotoxin in the intestine were prevented by hypercapnia. CONCLUSIONS: During endotoxemia in rats, moderate hypercapnia prevents the deterioration of tissue energetics in the intestine.
