Judaísmo y problemática bioética de la reproducción asistida : consideraciones generales

Resumen: La milenaria Ley judía en su devenir y completitud a través del análisis y respuesta a los coyunturales problemas del acontecer histórico en sus diversas circunstancias, aborda también y en profundidad desde sus comienzos lo denominado actualmente como bioética. Este trabajo expone y examina en particular las modernas técnicas de reproducción asistida, y los fundamentos de la Ley por la cual las más importantes autoridades legislativas del judaísmo determinan según el caso el deber, permisión o prohibición de su implementación más la problemática y los desafíos en esta área de competencia. Esto último aplicable también a la sociedad en general transmitiendo el mensaje de la no reducción de la reproducción humana a una mera cuestión de posibilidad técnica o en función de los deseos o sentimientos del ser humano, sino concibiéndola como una cuestión de suma responsabilidad y compromiso no sólo en relación a los agentes partícipes sino también respecto de su descendencia.

Culture-bound technological solutions: An artificial theoretic insight

Sometimes, technological solutions to practical problems are devised that conspicuously take into account the constraints to which a given culture is subjecting the particular task or the manner in which it is carried out. The culture may be a professional culture (e.g., the practice of law), or an ethnic-cum-professional culture (e.g., dance in given ethnic cultures from South-East Asia), or, again, a denominational culture prescribing an orthopraxy impinging on everyday life through, for example, prescribed abstinence from given categories of workday activities, or dietary laws. Massimo Negrotti's Theory of the artificial is a convenient framework for discussing some of these techniques. We discuss a few examples, but focus on the contrast of two that are taken from the same cultural background, namely, technological applications in compliance with Jewish Law orthopraxy. •Soya-, mycoprotein- or otherwise derived meat surrogates are an example ofnaturoid; they emulate the flavours and olfactory properties, as well as the texture and the outer and inner appearance, of the meat product (its kind, cut, form) they set out to emulate (including amenability to cooking in the usual manner for the model), while satisfying cultural dietary prohibitions. •In contrast, the Sabbath Notebook, a writing surrogate we describe in this paper, is atechnoid: it emulates a technique (writing to store alphanumeric information), while satisfying the prohibition of writing at particular times of the liturgical calendar (the Sabbath and the major holidays).

Kitāb Ghāyat al-ghawr fī dirāyat al-dawr / taʼlīf al-Shaykh al-Imām al-Zāhid Rukn al-Dīn Imām al-aʼimmah Muḥammad ibn Muḥammad ibn Muḥammad al-Ghazzālī : manuscript, undated

Written in one column, 13 lines per page, in black

Salāt-i Masʻūdī : manuscript, 1298-1299 [i.e. 1881-1882]

A manuscript treatise on prayer, ablution, alms, fasting, divorce, etc. The first volume opens with a chapter on "Tawḥīd", i.e. Islamic theology. This is followed by a chapter on Abū Ḥanīfah and his school of law.

Kitāb muqaddimah ukhrá fī al-ṭalāq : manuscript, undated

Bound with: Ghāyat al-ghawr fī dirāyat al-dawr (ff. 1r-7r).

Lettre à Flora.

Greek text and French translation of: Pros Phlōran.

Sefer Ḥaye adam : bo niḳbetsu u-vaʾu be-seder nakhon kol ha-mitsṿot asher yaʻaseh otam ha-adam kol yeme ḥeldo /

Includes the commentary Nishmat Adam.

Ḥut ha-meshulash : o divre nargan : sheʼelot u-teshuvot ʻal devar heter ʻishun gelume ʻalim merorim u-nesiʻah mesilat ha-barzel be-Shabat /

U.C. copy lacks p.1-16.

Ḳitsur mi-sefer ḥaye ʼadam: ḥeleḳ sheni /

Russian title on verso of t.-p.

Sefer Arʻa de-rabanan : kolel ke-shivʻah meot kelalim gufe Torah be-seder u-maʻarekhet a.b., yitḥaḳeh ʻal shorshe kol halakhah /

Includes bibliographical references.

Sefer Shaʻare torat ha-taḳanot : hu meʼasef le-khol maḥanot ha-taḳanot asher yesodotan mi-yemot [sic] Mosheh, avi ha-neviʼim ʻad ḥatimat ha-Talmud /

v.2 designated as ḥeleḳ rishon, maḥberet shenyah on Hebrew t.p., but as 2. band, 1. theil on added German t.p.

The code of Maimonides

Mode of access: Internet.

Sefer Ṿa-yelaḳeṭ Yosef.

Title on verso of reprint t.p.: V'yelaket Yosef.

Sefer Zikhru Torat Mosheh : ṿe-hu kolel kol hilkhot Shabat be-ḳitsur nimrats ; Sefer Mitsṿat Mosheh : ṿe-hu ḳitsur mi-Sefer ḥaredim = Zikhru Toras Moshe, t.e. Pomnite zakon Moisei͡a /

Mode of access: Internet.

The decline and fall of the kingdom of Judah

Includes index.