Estrés laboral relacionado al consumo de alcohol en trabajadores de la salud.

Tesis (Maestría en Ciencias de Enfermería con Énfasis en Salud Comunitaria) UANL, 2009.

Clasificación de pacientes con trastorno mental de acuerdo al nivel de dependencia del cuidado de enfermería.

Tesis (Maestría en Ciencias de Enfermería con Énfasis en Administración de Servicios) UANL, 2010.

Consumo de alcohol y apego al tratamiento en personas con diagnóstico de tuberculosis pulmonar.

Tesis (Maestría en Ciencias de Enfermería) UANL, 2011.

Creencias sobre el cuidado al usuario de alcohol y consumo de alcohol en estudiantes de enfermería.

Tesis (Maestría en Ciencias de Enfermería) UANL, 2014.

La cooperación francesa al desarrollo en África subsahariana francófona: ¿una herramienta eficaz para reducir los niveles de dependencia?

La creciente preocupación por África subsahariana francófona ha permitido crear herramientas e instituciones especializadas en el manejo de las relaciones francesas con esta parte del mundo, dentro de las cuales se destaca la política de cooperación al desarrollo.

Consecuencias del consumo de alcohol a corto, medio y largo plazo.

En este trabajo se realiza un estudio sobre las consecuencias que produce el consumo de alcohol, asi como los tratamientos más eficaces para dar solución a dicho problema.. El procedimiento seguido es el descriptivo de carácter explicativo.. Entrevistas individuales,psicoterapias, terapia de grupo, psicodrama, métodos combinados, terapia familiar. Terapia de conducta.. El problema del alcoholismo ha de ser estudiado dentro de un marco esencialmente psicológico, puesto que la erradicación de la dependencia no conduce a la solución del problema; existen motivaciones fuertemente psicológicas que impulsan al sujeto a beber. Por tanto, es imprescindible la colaboración de un psicólogo en el tratamiento. Respecto a las diversas maneras de enfocar la psicoterapia, se muestra inclinado hacia la terapia familiar, ya que es el tratamiento que tiene más claras implicaciones para la prevención porque están envueltas más personas..

Commentary on Stuart et al. (2013): Domestic violence and interventions to reduce alcohol use

This study, reported by Gregory Stuart and colleagues, offers empirical evidence to support the hypothesis that perpetrators of domestic violence who receive a brief intervention to address alcohol use in addition to a 40-hour group batterer programme will not only consume fewer drinks (and on fewer days) than those who only receive the batterer programme, but will also be less likely to be aggressive and violent.Although these effects fade over time, these findings are significant in the context of an area in which the efficacy of many behaviour change programmes has yet to be demonstrated adequately [2], and in which there is a pressing need to develop more effective interventions.

The role of mesoporosity and Si/Al ratio in the catalytic etherification of glycerol with benzyl alcohol using ZSM-5 zeolites

A comparative study of the influence of three different acid solids as catalysts (conventional zeolites Z15c with Si/Al = 19.5 and Z40c with Si/Al = 48.2, and a hierarchical zeolite Z40c-H with Si/Al = 50.0) for the etherification of glycerol with benzyl alcohol was performed. The catalytic activity and selectivity of these zeolites was elucidated at different catalyst contents. Three different ethers (3-benzyloxy-1,2-propanediol, which is a mono-benzyl-glycerol ether (MBG) and 1,3-dibenzyloxy-2-propanol, which is a di-benzyl-glycerol ether (DBG) and dibenzyl ether (DBz) were identified as the main products. MBG was the major product of the reaction catalyzed by the microporous Z15c zeolite with low Si/Al molar ratio, whereas DBG was formed in higher yield with the use of microporous Z40c and hierarchical Z40c-H zeolites, both of them having a similar high Si/Al molar ratio (≈50). MBG is a value-added product and it is obtained with good yield and selectivity when using the conventional zeolite Z15c as a catalyst. Under the best conditions tested, i.e., 25 mg of catalyst for 8 h at 120 °C, a 62% of conversion was obtained without the need of solvent, with an excellent 84% selectivity toward the MBG and no formation of DBz.

Factores de riesgo asociados al consumo de alcohol en estudiantes del ciclo diversificado del cantón Machala, 2003

Con el objetivo de determinar la asociación entre factores de riesgo y consumo de alcohol en adolescentes de Machala, y establecer una línea de base para intervenciones futuras. Se realiza el estudio con una muestra de 368 estudiantes, de ellos 115 casos y 253 controles. El análisdis estadístico con medidas de tendencia central y oddos ratio. Resultados: 80consumieron alcohol en alguna ocasión; 30de ellos son consumidores moderados y excesivos. Existe asociación entre consumo de alcohol y; 1) sexo masculino (OR 2.48, IC 1.53-4.02) 2) disfunción familiar (OR 2.97, IC 1.80-4.91), 3) consumo familiar (OR 1.89, IC 1.15-3.13), 4) consumo de amigos (OR 10.01, IC 4.54-22.9), 5) maltrato (OR 2.74, IC 1.67-4.53). Lugares y compañía preferidos: discotecas y barras, amigos y familiares. La cerveza es la bebida de mayor consumo. Conclusiones: Inicio de consumo promedio 14.9 años, la tendencia a un mayor consumo se asocia, con el sexo masculino, insatisfacción del adolescente con el funcionamiento familiar, transmisión de estilos de vida de familiares y amigos y maltrato. El consumo se da con mayor frecuencia en lugares prohibidos por el marco legal. El alcohol es aceptado socialmente y estimulado por los medios de comunicación social y la propia familia

Efecto de la extirpación de las espículas del glande del cuy como técnia de esterilización reproductiva y su influencia en agresividad y ganancia de peso en comparación con un método químico alcohol yodado al 2%

La presente investigación evaluó el efecto de la extirpación de las espículas del glande en cobayos como método de esterilización reproductiva y su influencia en agresividad y ganancia de peso en comparación con un método químico (alcohol yodado 2%) y un testigo. Se contemplaron dos etapas de estudio, la primera valoró agresividad y ganancia de peso en 90 cuyes machos de 45 días de edad con peso promedio de 658,3±8,54gr los cuales fueron distribuidos en grupos de 5 animales por jaula; para la segunda etapa se consideró fertilidad y prolificidad en 90 cuyes hembras sexualmente maduras de 3 meses de edad, las cuales fueron empadradas con 18 machos obtenidos al azar de una sub-muestra de la primera etapa, la relación de empadre fue cinco hembras un macho. Los animales en estudio fueron distribuidos en los siguientes tratamientos: T1 animales enteros (n=30), T2 animales extirpados las espículas (n=30) y T3 animales castrados con alcohol yodado 2% (n=30). Los datos obtenidos fueron procesados y analizados en el programa SPSS® versión 22.0 determinándose que la ganancia total de peso fue para T1 836,4±33,89gr, T2 860,5±24,54gr y T3 725,5±30,45 con significancia estadística (P<0,05) para T2 y T1 con relación a T3. En referencia a agresividad medida a través del daño de la canal a nivel de la zona dorso posterior se obtuvieron resultados porcentuales estadísticos no significativos (p>0,05) entre tratamientos. En cuanto a fertilidad se obtuvo: para T1 un valor de 66,7%, T2 86,7% y T3 12% existiendo significancia estadística (p<0,05) entre tratamientos. Para la variable prolificidad se obtuvo valores medios de: T1 2,47±0,34; T2 3,43±0,32 y T3 0,40±0.22, con diferencias significativas (p<0,05) únicamente para el T3 que fue el que menos crías obtuvo. En conclusión la extirpación de las espículas del glande del cuy no esteriliza reproductivamente por el contrario aumenta el porcentaje de fertilidad, no disminuye agresividad, obtiene pesos no distintos al testigo pero alcanza mejores pesos que el método químico.

Development of a controlled drinking self-efficacy scale and appraising its relation to alcohol dependence

There is no specific self-efficacy measure that has been developed primarily for problem drinkers seeking a moderation drinking goal. In this article, we report the factor structure of a 20-item Controlled Drinking Self-Efficacy Scale (CDSES; Sitharthan et al., 1996; Sitharthan et al., 1997). The results indicate that the CDSES is highly reliable, and the factor analysis using the full sample identified four factors: negative affect, positive mood/social context, frequency of drinking, and consumption quantity. A similar factor structure was obtained for the subsample of men. In contrast, only three factors emerged in the analysis of data on female participants. Compared to women, men had low self-efficacy to control their drinking in situations relating to positive mood/social context, and subjects with high alcohol dependence had low self-efficacy for situations relating to negative affect, social situations, and drinking less frequently. The CDSES can be a useful measure in treatment programs providing a moderation drinking goal.

Response : letter to the editor by Al-Azri and Al-Maniri

Firstly, the authors would like to thank the editor for the opportunity to respond to Dr Al-Azri’s and Dr Al-Maniri’s letter. Secondly, while the current authors also accept that deterrence-based approaches should act as only one corner-stone of a suite of interventions and public policy initiatives designed to improve road safety, deterrence-based approaches have nonetheless consistently proven to be a valuable resource to improve road safety. Dr Al-Azri and Dr Al-Maniri reinforce their assertion about the limited utility of deterrence by citing drink driving research, and the issue of drink driving is particularly relevant within the current context given that the problem of driving after drinking has historically been addressed through deterrence-based approaches. While the effectiveness of deterrence-based approaches to reduce drink driving will always be dependent upon a range of situational and contextual factors (including police enforcement practices, cultural norms, etc), the utilisation of this approach has proven particularly effective within Queensland, Australia. For example, a relatively recent comprehensive review of Random Breath Testing in Queensland demonstrated that this initiative not only had a deterrent impact upon self-reported intentions to drink and drive, but was also found to have significantly reduced alcohol-related fatalities in the state. However, the authors agree that deterrence-based approaches can be particularly transient and thus require constant “topping up” not least through sustained public reinforcement, which was clearly articulated in the seminal work by Homel.

Assessment of function and clinical utility of alcohol and other drug web sites : an observational, qualitative study

Background The increasing popularity and use of the internet makes it an attractive option for providing health information and treatment, including alcohol/other drug use. There is limited research examining how people identify and access information about alcohol or other drug (AOD) use online, or how they assess the usefulness of the information presented. This study examined the strategies that individuals used to identify and navigate a range of AOD websites, along with the attitudes concerning presentation and content. Methods Members of the general community in Brisbane and Roma (Queensland, Australia) were invited to participate in a 30-minute search of the internet for sites related to AOD use, followed by a focus group discussion. Fifty one subjects participated in the study across nine focus groups. Results Participants spent a maximum of 6.5 minutes on any one website, and less if the user was under 25 years of age. Time spent was as little as 2 minutes if the website was not the first accessed. Participants recommended that AOD-related websites should have an engaging home or index page, which quickly and accurately portrayed the site’s objectives, and provided clear site navigation options. Website content should clearly match the title and description of the site that is used by internet search engines. Participants supported the development of a portal for AOD websites, suggesting that it would greatly facilitate access and navigation. Treatment programs delivered online were initially viewed with caution. This appeared to be due to limited understanding of what constituted online treatment, including its potential efficacy. Conclusions A range of recommendations arise from this study regarding the design and development of websites, particularly those related to AOD use. These include prudent use of text and information on any one webpage, the use of graphics and colours, and clear, uncluttered navigation options. Implications for future website development are discussed.