Configurações contemporâneas do complexo agroindustrial do leite: produção, industrialização e consumo no Estado de São Paulo

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Modernização da agricultura e reestruturação produtiva da atividade leiteira

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Aspectos socioeconômicos, indicadores de qualidade do leite e pesquisa de linhagens toxigênicas de Staphylococcus em propriedades de agricultura familiar de Botucatu, SP

Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária - FMVZ

Impacto da difusão de tecnologia na melhoria da qualidade do leite

Pós-graduação em Zootecnia - FCAV

Grazing behaviour, physical activity and metabolic profile of two Holstein strains in an organic grazing system

The challenge for sustainable organic dairy farming is identification of cows that are well adapted to forage-based production systems. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare the grazing behaviour, physical activity and metabolic profile of two different Holstein strains kept in an organic grazing system without concentrate supplementation. Twelve Swiss (HCH ; 566 kg body weight (BW) and 12 New Zealand Holstein-Friesian (HNZ ; 530 kg BW) cows in mid-lactation were kept in a rotational grazing system. After an adaptation period, the milk yield, nutrient intake, physical activity and grazing behaviour were recorded for each cow for 7 days. On three consecutive days, blood was sampled at 07:00, 12:00 and 17:00 h from each cow by jugular vein puncture. Data were analysed using linear mixed models. No differences were found in milk yield, but milk fat (3.69 vs. 4.05%, P = 0.05) and milk protein percentage (2.92 vs. 3.20%, P < 0.01) were lower in HCH than in HNZ cows. Herbage intake did not differ between strains, but organic matter digestibility was greater (P = 0.01) in HCH compared to HNZ cows. The HCH cows spent less (P = 0.04) time ruminating (439 vs. 469 min/day) and had a lower (P = 0.02) number of ruminating boli when compared to the HNZ cows. The time spent eating and physical activity did not differ between strains. Concentrations of IGF-1 and T3 were lower (P ≤ 0.05) in HCH than HNZ cows. In conclusion, HCH cows were not able to increase dry matter intake in order to express their full genetic potential for milk production when kept in an organic grazing system without concentrate supplementation. On the other hand, HNZ cows seem to compensate for the reduced nutrient availability better than HCH cows but could not use that advantage for increased production efficiency

Pricing and Policy Problems in the Northeast Fluid Milk Industry

This article documents the need for reform of milk pricing in the Northeast. The New York price gouging law can be recast as a fair share law. This new milk policy “kills two birds with one stone.” It corrects regional inequities in raw milk pricing by reforming the pricing of milk at retail by limiting and redistributing excessive retail margins to farmers and consumers. The fair share policy relieves allocative price inefficiency, improves the performance of the federal milk market order pool, and the general performance of the Northeast dairy farming and fluid milk industries.

Estrategias tecnológicas de productores familiares tamberos del periurbano de la ciudad de Buenos Aires (2010-2013)

En las últimas décadas, las innovaciones promovieron la producción de gran escala sin adaptarse a las situaciones socio-productivas de las unidades familiares. Numerosas explotaciones (de tipo familiar), desaparecieron y las que aún existen diseñaron estrategias que les permitieron sobrevivir. El objetivo de este trabajo es explicar y comprender las estrategias tecnológicas de productores familiares tamberos. Se tomaron siete productores familiares y se analizaron en relación con sus capitales y su trayectoria familiar. Se encuentra que la relación entre capitales y trayectoria es explicativa de las estrategias seguidas por las unidades familiares. Se concluye que esta relación no es lineal pero da elementos para proponer recomendaciones técnicas

Estrategias tecnológicas de productores familiares tamberos del periurbano de la ciudad de Buenos Aires (2010-2013)

En las últimas décadas, las innovaciones promovieron la producción de gran escala sin adaptarse a las situaciones socio-productivas de las unidades familiares. Numerosas explotaciones (de tipo familiar), desaparecieron y las que aún existen diseñaron estrategias que les permitieron sobrevivir. El objetivo de este trabajo es explicar y comprender las estrategias tecnológicas de productores familiares tamberos. Se tomaron siete productores familiares y se analizaron en relación con sus capitales y su trayectoria familiar. Se encuentra que la relación entre capitales y trayectoria es explicativa de las estrategias seguidas por las unidades familiares. Se concluye que esta relación no es lineal pero da elementos para proponer recomendaciones técnicas

Estrategias tecnológicas de productores familiares tamberos del periurbano de la ciudad de Buenos Aires (2010-2013)

En las últimas décadas, las innovaciones promovieron la producción de gran escala sin adaptarse a las situaciones socio-productivas de las unidades familiares. Numerosas explotaciones (de tipo familiar), desaparecieron y las que aún existen diseñaron estrategias que les permitieron sobrevivir. El objetivo de este trabajo es explicar y comprender las estrategias tecnológicas de productores familiares tamberos. Se tomaron siete productores familiares y se analizaron en relación con sus capitales y su trayectoria familiar. Se encuentra que la relación entre capitales y trayectoria es explicativa de las estrategias seguidas por las unidades familiares. Se concluye que esta relación no es lineal pero da elementos para proponer recomendaciones técnicas

Essays on Firm Heterogeneity with Empirical Applications in Economic History and Agricultural Economics

This thesis uses models of firm-heterogeneity to complete empirical analyses in economic history and agricultural economics. In Chapter 2, a theoretical model of firm heterogeneity is used to derive a statistic that summarizes the welfare gains from the introduction of a new technology. The empirical application considers the use of mechanical steam power in the Canadian manufacturing sector during the late nineteenth century. I exploit exogenous variation in geography to estimate several parameters of the model. My results indicate that the use of steam power resulted in a 15.1 percent increase in firm-level productivity and a 3.0-5.2 percent increase in aggregate welfare. Chapter 3 considers various policy alternatives to price ceiling legislation in the market for production quotas in the dairy farming sector in Quebec. I develop a dynamic model of the demand for quotas with farmers that are heterogeneous in their marginal cost of milk production. The econometric analysis uses farm-level data and estimates a parameter of the theoretical model that is required for the counterfactual experiments. The results indicate that the price of quotas could be reduced to the ceiling price through a 4.16 percent expansion of the aggregate supply of quotas, or through moderate trade liberalization of Canadian dairy products. In Chapter 4, I study the relationship between farm-level productivity and participation in the Commercial Export Milk (CEM) program. I use a difference-in-difference research design with inverse propensity weights to test for causality between participation in the CEM program and total factor productivity (TFP). I find a positive correlation between participation in the CEM program and TFP, however I find no statistically significant evidence that the CEM program affected TFP.

Agriculture and tariff reform.

On cover: For speakers, writers, agents, etc.

Annual report of the Illinois State Dairymen's Association.

Description based on: 33rd (1907).

O produtor familiar na pecuária leiteira : limites e potencialidades

The technological change is nowadays, comprehended as a playing field which involves cultural and economic processes of appreciation and depreciation of the social aspects of family unit. The exclusion of small producers from the activity is used as an argument to characterize that in the contemporary intercapitalist competition, the family ways of production take up restrict social positions of a technical progress and of a cultural and economic appreciation. The state, a coparcener of the modernization process, has its relevance as a financing agent, a technical capacitor, an infrastructure propitiator, that is, through macro and microeconomic policies which can create sustainable conditions to permit, mainly, not only the family producer to be inserted in the activity, but, above all, to remain in it. This way, this study aims to identify and analyze the family producer, through its limits and potentialities, with a thesis that this would be the main agent responsible for boosting the Brazilian milk production in quantity and quality. Therefore, results were compared obtained from a field survey with data collection via semi-structured open interviews in a sample of 108 producers effectively respondents, namely: 59 family farmers with active DAP (research focus) and 49 employers producers the municipality of Monte Alegre de Minas - MG. Technological indices were used to identify the developmental stage of the producers, thus allowing a comparative study between them. The field research covered all rural municipality of Monte Alegre de Minas – MG and, the result found that the majority of family farmers presented lower rates than technological employers producers. However, it allowed us to state also that the producer family and assisted by public policies, can be the agent of transformation of dairy farming.

Essays on Firm Heterogeneity with Empirical Applications in Economic History and Agricultural Economics

This thesis uses models of firm-heterogeneity to complete empirical analyses in economic history and agricultural economics. In Chapter 2, a theoretical model of firm heterogeneity is used to derive a statistic that summarizes the welfare gains from the introduction of a new technology. The empirical application considers the use of mechanical steam power in the Canadian manufacturing sector during the late nineteenth century. I exploit exogenous variation in geography to estimate several parameters of the model. My results indicate that the use of steam power resulted in a 15.1 percent increase in firm-level productivity and a 3.0-5.2 percent increase in aggregate welfare. Chapter 3 considers various policy alternatives to price ceiling legislation in the market for production quotas in the dairy farming sector in Quebec. I develop a dynamic model of the demand for quotas with farmers that are heterogeneous in their marginal cost of milk production. The econometric analysis uses farm-level data and estimates a parameter of the theoretical model that is required for the counterfactual experiments. The results indicate that the price of quotas could be reduced to the ceiling price through a 4.16 percent expansion of the aggregate supply of quotas, or through moderate trade liberalization of Canadian dairy products. In Chapter 4, I study the relationship between farm-level productivity and participation in the Commercial Export Milk (CEM) program. I use a difference-in-difference research design with inverse propensity weights to test for causality between participation in the CEM program and total factor productivity (TFP). I find a positive correlation between participation in the CEM program and TFP, however I find no statistically significant evidence that the CEM program affected TFP.