Muotia, mukavuutta ja mielipiteitä. Kaakeliuuni yhteiskunnallisten muutosten ilmentäjänä keskiajan ja uuden ajan alun Suomessa

Fashion, Comf ort and Conviction is a study investigating the adoption and significance of the ceramic tile stove in medieval and early modern Finland. It presents stove tiles found in archaeological excavations, places the tiles in their cultural contexts and examines them as indicators of various social changes. The early history of the ceramic tile stove goes back to the 12th century in the German-speaking Alpine regions, from where it spread to the Baltic Sea region during the Middle Ages. On the basis of the archaeological finds presented in this study, the introduction of the tile stove in Finland dates to the early 15th century. Its adoption was connected to the increase in foreign trade links and social emulation, the demand for comfort, and innovations in building technology and interior design. Stove tiles also reflect the political and religious convictions of their time and open a fascinating window on everyday life in medieval and early modern Finland.

Practices of Inclusion and Exclusion in Premodern Culture

In Practices of Inclusion and Exclusion in Premodern Culture a group of Finnish cultural historians discuss the meanings of cultural belonging, experiences and practices of construing boundaries between cultures and their others. What were the motives behind these constructions of differences in Premodern cultures? Why and through what kind of practices were differences created in specific cultural contexts? This book deals with Premodern people having multiple ways of construing their relationship to others, simultaneously being active agents in their own lives. Practices of Inclusion and Exclusion in Premodern Culture is suitable for course book for Master's Degree studies of history.

La thématique hivernale dans les oeuvres de Maurice Cullen, de 1896 à 1914

Ce mémoire propose une étude de la thématique hivernale dans les tableaux réalisés par Maurice Cullen (1864-1936) entre 1896 et 1914. Elle s’appuie sur une analyse des contextes politiques et culturels. Pour représenter les paysages enneigés canadiens, Cullen adapte quelques techniques modernes issues de l’impressionnisme, acquises lors de son premier séjour en Europe. Malgré cette influence artistique étrangère présente par l’emploi d’une palette de couleurs vives et de la touche divisée, le respect de la perspective et de la tridimensionnalité témoignent du maintien de certains principes académiques. L’usage de procédés impressionnistes permet à cet artiste de mettre en évidence les caractéristiques atmosphériques et lumineuses de son pays. Par l’application de ces procédés sur la représentation de la neige, Cullen participe ainsi à un travail de redécouverte et de valorisation du territoire. En effet, il privilégie plutôt l’expérience sensitive du territoire que le choix de la thématique des œuvres. L’ensemble des données visuelles et sensitives contenues dans ses œuvres a pour objectif de faire prendre conscience au spectateur de sa difficulté à se repérer au sein de son propre territoire et à accepter les rudes conditions climatiques inhérentes au Canada. Ce travail demeure impartial face au conflit identitaire opposant les francophones et les anglophones, bien qu’il intervienne dans les prémices de la mise en place d’une esthétique canadienne. Ce mémoire défend l’idée que Cullen renouvelle l’imagerie hivernale et s’inscrit dans les débuts du processus de création d’une iconographie nationale. Avec ses pairs, il s’engage à valoriser l’art local, et il ouvre une réflexion sur la représentation du territoire canadien, qui sera poursuivie par la génération suivante avec le Groupe des Sept.

Of tradition and conversion : a comparative study of two Phuo griottes

La version intégrale de ce mémoire est disponible uniquement pour consultation individuelle à la Bibliothèque de musique de l’Université de Montréal (www.bib.umontreal.ca/MU).

Le livre à la télévision : dispositifs comparés des émissions littéraires en Allemagne, Espagne et France (1950-2010)

Siegfried Kracauer a fait remarquer, déjà en 1931, que le bestseller est un « signe d’une expérience sociologique réussie ». Dans le cas des émissions littéraires à la télévision, nous assistons à une double configuration d’un succès : celui de l’émission, puis celui du livre. Au- delà de leur influence sur la consommation des livres, les programmes médiatiques sur la littérature font partie de l’ensemble de lieux communs (Robert, 2002) et, comme les écoles ou les institutions littéraires, participent à l’établissement des traditions de lecture. Ils présentent explicitement ou implicitement les titres désirables et prescrivent les normes de lecture acceptées. En présélectionnant des livres pour des milliers de gens à la fois, en invitant des auteurs à présenter leur œuvres ou en mettant en vedette des critiques littéraires, ces programmes de formats fort différents participent aux processus de légitimation culturelle. Cette thèse décrit les différentes modalités des formes de présentation du fait littéraire à la télévision et leurs évolutions. À travers une analyse d’une sélection d’émissions qui ont connu du succès à différentes époques et dans différents contextes culturels, cette recherche vise à cerner la relation médiatique qui existe entre la littérature et la télévision. Établissant ainsi les caractéristiques d’une expérience socio-médiatique réussie, cette thèse explore le dispositif de l’émission littéraire télévisuelle tel qu’il s’est développé entre 1950 et 2010, principalement en étudiant les émissions qui ont marqué la télévision nationale et le paysage littéraire en Allemagne, en Espagne et en France. En décrivant le dispositif médiatique qui fait le lien entre la conception, la production, le contenu et la portée de ces émissions, à travers une approche comparée et intermédiale, cette recherche analyse le complexe réseau de médiations qui entrent en jeu dans la construction et dans la réception de ces émissions, suivant quatre axes thématiques: le dispositif médiatique, la relation avec l’écrivain, le rôle primordial du présentateur et la mise en scène des lecteurs.

Compilation of documents for the development of a state of art of the investigation of perdurability

A través del estudio y la investigación basados en bibliografía de diversas nacionalidades que data desde la década de los setenta hasta la actualidad, ha sido posible analizar la tendencia académica de las investigaciones acerca la Perdurabilidad. Esta recolección de estudios es una fuente de información para todos aquellos que deseen tener un entendimiento más profundo acerca de la teoría que sostiene el concepto de Perdurabilidad. A lo largo de esta investigación, el lector encontrará un conjunto de varios autores de distintas nacionalidades que abordaron el tema de la Perdurabilidad bajo alguna de sus concepciones (longevidad, resistencia, supervivencia); lo que permite tener una visión más amplia acerca de la importancia de ciertos estudios de acuerdo a su origen y contexto cultural. Es importante resaltar que esta investigación es netamente teórica con el propósito de aclarar el concepto de Perdurabilidad y facilitar futuras investigaciones acerca de este tema

The work of psychologists in social policy in Brazil

This study verses on the meeting of psychology with the social policy area. The objective is to discuss how psychologists that work in the Basic Health Units and in the Social Assistance Reference Centers experience their daily practices. Using the interview and participant observation methods, we investigated the modes of action of 13 psychologists involved in these service units. The results indicate that because these contexts are adverse to the traditional forms of action, many professionals experience daily strangeness and discomfort, resulting from their encounters with limiting situations of difficult management. Furthermore, we observed practices and experiences that were marked by feelings of compassion, pity, and resentment. We consider, finally, that the encounter between psychology and social policies requires flexibility in traditional acting modes as well as the pursuit of strategies that consider cultural contexts characteristics, avoiding capture, fatigue and saturation process that stifle the worker.

Resiliencia y variables sociodemograficas

En el presente trabajo se aborda la definición de una de las variables dentro de lo que se denomina Capital psicológico positivo, la Resiliencia, sus principales características y algunas de las variables socio demográficas que en el estudio pretenden ver el nivel de relación existente entre cada una de ellas (indirecta o directamente) en el proceso resiliente de una persona para posteriores discusiones y su implicación dentro de la gestión empresarial y sus direcciones futuras.

Technology enhanced learning and augmented reality : an application on multimedia interactive books

Multimedia Interactive Book (miBook) reflects the development of a new concept of virtual interpretation of traditional text books and audio-visual content. By encompassing new technological approaches, using augmented reality technology, allows the final user to experience a variety of sensorial stimuli while enjoying and interacting with the content; therefore enhancing the learning process. miBook stands for a global educational intention to enable people not only to access but also to appropriate intellectually valuable contents coming from different linguistic and cultural contexts.

Estratégias de resolução de conflitos em adolescentes angolanos e portugueses

Pretendemos estudar situações de conflito interpessoal e sócio-moral e comparar as estratégias de resolução que são escolhidas por adolescentes de contextos culturais diferentes. Participaram no estudo 89 adolescentes, 44 portugueses e 45 angolanos, com idades compreendidas entre os 14 e os 16 anos, distribuídos de forma equivalente pelos dois géneros. Foram construídos quatro dilemas que configuram situações de conflito interpessoal e moral habituais entre adolescentes (humilhação, inveja, rivalidade entre grupos e traição amorosa) e foram utilizadas quatro medidas, atribuição de comportamento e de emoção, perceção de ganhos e antecipação de custos. Os resultados revelaram que a escolha de estratégias de resolução de conflitos interpessoais (agressão física, agressão verbal, indiferença, negociação e outras) é insensível ao género, mas varia inter-medidas nas histórias de inveja e de traição, varia com o conteúdo sócio-moral das situações, sobretudo entre a história de traição amorosa e as outras histórias, e varia inter-culturas também para a história de traição, onde se verificam diferenças estatísticas nas três medidas. Os resultados mostram ainda que os adolescentes têm dificuldade em antecipar os custos associados às estratégias de resolução de conflitos interpessoais, pois optam maioritariamente por não responder a esta questão.

En las redes de Clío: visión, práctica y sentido de la historia en La hoguera bárbara (Del Historiador y el Ensayista)

El autor sostiene que el historiador Alfredo Pareja, apartado del rigor académico, analiza la historia del Ecuador desde una perspectiva mestiza y de actores sociales subalternos, en lo ideológico, su punto de vista es socialista, planteando una versión de la historia alternativa a la clerical conservadora y a la liberal. Sostiene que La hoguera bárbara es un texto histórico- literario (por su carácter narrativo, por su amplia documentación), con acento en la presentación de contextos culturales, en el ser humano y su medio, en lo analítico, introduce además la categoría de regionalidad, en cuanto a sus propósitos, mantiene presente la idea del uso didáctico del texto.

On the F-word: a corpus-based analysis of the media representation of Feminism in British and German press discourse,1990-2009

Research in social psychology has shown that public attitudes towards feminism are mostly based on stereotypical views linking feminism with leftist politics and lesbian orientation. It is claimed that such attitudes are due to the negative and sexualised media construction of feminism. Studies concerned with the media representation of feminism seem to confirm this tendency. While most of this research provides significant insights into the representation of feminism, the findings are often based on a small sample of texts. Also, most of the research was conducted in an Anglo-American setting. This study attempts to address some of the shortcomings of previous work by examining the discourse of feminism in a large corpus of German and British newspaper data. It does so by employing the tools of Corpus Linguistics. By investigating the collocation profiles of the search term feminism, we provide evidence of salient discourse patterns surrounding feminism in two different cultural contexts.

Defining children's rights to work and care in Sub-Saharan Africa: tensions and challenges in policy and practice

This chapter explores the spatialities of children's rights through a focus on how children's paid and unpaid work in Sub-Saharan Africa intersects with wider debates about child labor, child domestic work and young caregiving. Several tensions surround the universalist and individualistic nature of the rights discourse in the context of Sub-Saharan Africa and policymakers, practitioners, children and community members have emphasized children's responsibilities to their families and communities, as well as their rights. The limitations of ILO definitions of child labor and child domestic work and UNCRC concerns about 'hazardous' and 'harmful' work are highlighted through examining the situation of children providing unpaid domestic and care support to family members in the private space of their own or a relative's home. Differing perspectives towards young caregiving have been adopted to date by policymakers and practitioners in East Africa, ranging from a child labor/ child protection/ abolitionist approach, to a 'young carers'/ child-centered rights perspective. These differing perspectives influence the level and nature of support and resources that children involved in care work may be able to access. A contextual, multi-sectorial approach to young caregiving is needed that seeks to understand children's, family members' and community members' perceptions of what constitutes inappropriate caring responsibilities within particular cultural contexts and how these should best be alleviated.

Identifying and explaining framing strategies of low carbon lifestyle movement organisations

Over the last decade we have seen the growth and development of low carbon lifestyle movement organisations, which seek to encourage members of the public to reduce their personal energy use and carbon emissions. As a first step to assess the transformational potential of such organisations, this paper examines the ways in which they frame their activities. This reveals an important challenge they face: in addressing the broader public, do they promote ‘transformative’ behaviours or do they limit themselves to encouraging ‘easy changes’ to maintain their appeal? We find evidence that many organisations within this movement avoid ‘transformative’ frames. The main reasons for this are organisers’ perceptions that transformational frames lack resonance with broader audiences, as well as wider cultural contexts that caution against behavioural intervention. The analysis draws on interviews with key actors in the low carbon lifestyle movement and combines insights from the literatures on collective action framing and lifestyle movements.