White-coat hypertension and normotension in the League of Hypertension of the Hospital das Clínicas, FMUSP: prevalence, clinical and demographic characteristics

OBJECTIVE: To assess the prevalence of white-coat normortension, white-coat hypertension, and white-coat effect. METHODS: We assessed 670 medical records of patients from the League of Hypertension of the Hospital das Clínicas of the Medical School of the University of São Paulo. White-coat hypertension (blood pressure at the medical office: mean of 3 measurements with the oscillometric device ³140 or ³90 mmHg, or both, and ambulatory blood pressure monitoring mean during wakefulness < 135/85) and white-coat normotension (office blood pressure < 140/90 and blood pressure during wakefulness on ambulatory blood pressure monitoring ³ 135/85) were analyzed in 183 patients taking no medication. The white-coat effect (difference between office and ambulatory blood pressure > 20 mmHg for systolic and 10 mmHg for diastolic) was analyzed in 487 patients on treatment, 374 of whom underwent multivariate analysis to identify the variables that better explain the white-coat effect. RESULTS: Prevalence of white-coat normotension was 12%, prevalence of white-coat hypertension was 20%, and prevalence of the white-coat effect was 27%. A significant correlation (p<0.05) was observed between white-coat hypertension and familial history of hypertension, and between the white-coat effect and sex, severity of the office diastolic blood pressure, and thickness of left ventricular posterior wall. CONCLUSION: White-coat hypertension, white-coat normotension, and white-coat effect should be considered in the diagnosis of hypertension.

A stepwise protocol to coat aAPC beads prevents out-competition of anti-CD3 mAb and consequent experimental artefacts.

Artificial antigen-presenting cells (aAPC) are widely used for both clinical and basic research applications, as cell-based or bead-based scaffolds, combining immune synapse components of interest. Adequate and controlled preparation of aAPCs is crucial for subsequent immunoassays. We reveal that certain proteins such as activatory anti-CD3 antibody can be out-competed by other proteins (e.g. inhibitory receptor ligands such as PDL1:Fc) during the coating of aAPC beads, under the usually performed coating procedures. This may be misleading, as we found that decreased CD8 T cell activity was not due to inhibitory receptor triggering but rather because of unexpectedly low anti-CD3 antibody density on the beads upon co-incubation with inhibitory receptor ligands. We propose an optimized protocol, and emphasize the need to quality-control the coating of proteins on aAPC beads prior to their use in immunoassays.

Naturally acquired antibodies against the major merozoite surface coat protein (MSP-1) of Plasmodium falciparum acquired by residents in an endemic area of Colombia

A preliminary baseline epidemiological malaria survey was conducted in the village of Punta Soldado, Colombia. Parasite prevalence and density as well as serological data were obtained from 151 asymptomatic children and adults. Fifty individuals were infected with Plasmodium falciparum. The mean parasite density was 184 parasites/mm3. Greater than 90 of the sample population were P. falciparum antibody positive as detected by the indirect immunofluorescent antibody test (IFAT). The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect antibodies against the major merozoite surface protein (MSP-1) of P. falciparum. In this population, anti-MSP-1 antibody concentration is acquired in an age dependent manner with equal immunogenicity to both the N- and C-terminal regions of the molecule. Infection at the time of sampling was associated with a higher anti-MSP-1 antibody concentration than that found in non-infected individuals. Further studies are planned to assess the role of immune and non-immune factors in limiting the number of cases of severe malaria seen in this population.

Evaluation of buffy coat 16S rRNA PCR, buffy coat culture and whole blood PCR for detection of bacteraemia

The use of Gram type-specific PCR on buffy coat from clinical specimens for the detection of bacteraemia was evaluated for the first time using whole blood culture as the gold standard. In addition, the established buffy coat culture and whole blood PCR were also compared. Gram-positive bacteria belonging to six species and Gram-negative bacteria from 10 species were isolated and identified by culture and detected using broad-range 16S rDNA primers and Gram-specific primers. Data from the three methods all conferred very high sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values when compared to whole blood culture. The Kappa coefficients of agreement were 0.9819 (buffy coat PCR), 0.9458 (whole blood PCR) and 1.0 (buffy coat culture), which establishes their validity as alternative methods to routine blood culture in detecting bacteraemia. In addition, results showed that there was a direct correlation of WBC counts greater than 12,000 cells per mm³ to the occurrence of bacteraemia as detected by the four methods (p < 0.05).

Análisis traductológico de referentes culturales en La Testa Perduta di Damasceno Monteiro de Antonio Tabucchi

Este trabajo de investigación pretende llevar a cabo un estudio exploratorio para observar cómo se resuelven los problemas traductológicos de índole cultural dentro del contexto de la autotraducción in mente. El trabajo está estructurado en dos partes: la primera abarca el marco teórico referencial como base para poder desarrollar la segunda parte, el apartado práctico, donde se llevará a cabo el análisis traductológico de referentes culturales para obtener los resultados de los objetivos e hipótesis planteados. Para llevar a cabo dicho análisis, se parte de una serie de ejemplos (rich points) de La testa perduta di Damasceno Monteiro de Antonio Tabucchi, una obra escrita en italiano que se enmarca y refleja la cultura portuguesa

Prevalences of masked and white-coat hypertension in the Lausanne population: the Hercules Study

Background and Objectives: Few population-based data on the prevalences of masked and white-coat hypertension exist. We collected 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure (BP) and urine in a random subset of participants to the population-based CoLaus study. Methods: Clinic BP was measured using an Omron HEM 907 device and ambulatory BP (ABP) using a Diasys Integra device. Masked hypertension (MH) was defined as clinic BP < 140/90mm Hg and 24-hour ABP >¼135/85mmHg. White coat hypertension (WCH) was defined as clinic BP >¼ 140/90mm Hg and ABP <135/85mm Hg. Microalbuminuria was defined as present if urinary albumin excretion was > 20mg/min. Results: The 198 men and 213 women were aged (mean_SD) 56.2_10.7 and 57.2_10.3 years and had mean urinary excretion of 148_65 and 122_52 mmol/24 h for sodium and 70_24 and 5721 mmol/24 h for potassium, respectively. In men and women, the prevalences were 34.9% and 31.0% for clinic hypertension, 42.9% and 32.9% for ambulatory hypertension, 12.6% and 5.6% for MH, and 4.5% and 3.8% for WCH, respectively. The higher prevalence of MH in men was explained, in part, by higher alcohol consumption and smoking. Participants with MH tended to have higher microalbuminuria (13.5% vs 5.8%, P¼0.067). Participants with WCH had no microalbuminuria. Conclusions: In the Lausanne population aged 38 to 78 years, the prevalence of hypertension based on ABP was high, despite moderate dietary salt intake. Men had higher prevalence of MH then women. The prevalence of WCH was low and similar in men and women. MH tended to be associated with early kidney damage.

Coat color dilution in mice because of inactivation of the melanoma antigen MART-1.

Melanoma antigen recognized by T cells 1 (MART-1) is a melanoma-specific antigen, which has been thoroughly studied in the context of immunotherapy against malignant melanoma and which is found only in the pigment cell lineage. However, its exact function and involvement in pigmentation is not clearly understood. Melanoma antigen recognized by T cells 1 has been shown to interact with the melanosomal proteins Pmel17 and OA1. To understand the function of MART-1 in pigmentation, we developed a new knockout mouse model. Mice deficient in MART-1 are viable, but loss of MART-1 leads to a coat color phenotype, with a reduction in total melanin content of the skin and hair. Lack of MART-1 did not affect localization of melanocyte-specific proteins nor maturation of Pmel17. Melanosomes of hair follicle melanocytes in MART-1 knockout mice displayed morphological abnormalities, which were exclusive to stage III and IV melanosomes. In conclusion, our results suggest that MART-1 is a pigmentation gene that is required for melanosome biogenesis and/or maintenance.

Prática das Actividades Físicas e a População Idosa da Terra Branca na Cidade da Praia

O presente trabalho tem como objectivo contribuir para que a população idosa na cidade da Praia tenha uma vida activa, na fase idosa, com intuito de prevenir de certos problemas relacionados com a saúde e, consequentemente, uma melhor qualidade de vida. As razões que nos levaram a escolher o presente tema para investigação depreendem-se com a importância que hoje muitos investigadores e instituições governamentais e não governamentais atribuem ao cuidado e ao relacionamento que se deve proporcionar à população idosa. Participaram , neste estudo, 25 indivíduos, sendo 11homens e 14 mulheres, com idade compreendida entre 60 aos 80 anos, todos residentes no bairro da Terra Branca, com profissões variadas, desde as que exigem esforços físicos até aquelas que obrigam estar muito tempo sentado. A selecção desses sujeitos aconteceu por nossa conveniência ou seja, intencionalmente e também porque, a partida, fizemos questão de escolher aqueles que aparentavam pertencer a faixa etária pretendida com indícios de uma vida activa para que o estudo fosse realidade. De acordo com os dados recolhidos os indivíduos que tomaram parte neste estudo, fazem actividades físicas no dia-a-dia, regularmente, com frequência (100%), mas sem uma orientação profissional ou seja, de um professor de Educação Física e/ou do Desporto especializado na matéria. Por outro lado, a grande maioria dos indivíduos (76%) têm a noção clara de quão é importante estar envolvido em actividades físicas. Palavras-chave: Idoso; Actividade física; Vida activa.

Eficiência no uso do nitrogênio por cultivares de aveia branca de acordo com a adubação nitrogenada

Com o objetivo de avaliar o efeito de doses de nitrogênio sobre a produção de grãos e o comportamento de componentes envolvidos no uso eficiente do N em aveia branca (Avena sativa L.), realizou-se um experimento com quatro cultivares (CTC 5, UFRGS 15, UFRGS 19 e UPF 18) combinados a quatro doses de N (0, 24, 48 e 73 kg ha-1). O delineamento experimental utilizado foi de blocos ao acaso com três repetições. O experimento foi instalado em um Argissolo Amarelo eutrófico típico, com 26,7 g dm-3 de matéria orgânica. Os cultivares UFRGS 19 e UPF 18 apresentaram maior potencial de resposta à adubação nitrogenada para produção de MS e acúmulo de N no florescimento, remobilização do N e eficiência da fertilização nitrogenada do que os cultivares CTC 5 e UFRGS 15. O incremento na adubação nitrogenada reduziu as eficiências de remobilização, de absorção do N e da fertilização nitrogenada, sem afetar a eficiência de utilização do N, mas aumentou a produção de MS, o acúmulo de N na maturação e o rendimento de grãos em todos os cultivares avaliados.