Central America & Caribbean Region, 1858 (Raster Image)

This layer is a georeferenced raster image of the historic paper map entitled: A new map of tropical-America, north of the Equator : comprising the West-Indies, Central-America, Mexico, New Cranada [sic] and Venezuela by H. Kiepert. It was published by Dietrich Reimer in 1858. Scale [ca. 1:3,600,000].The image inside the map neatline is georeferenced to the surface of the earth and fit to the World Miller Cylindrical projected coordinate system. All map collar and inset information is also available as part of the raster image, including any inset maps, profiles, statistical tables, directories, text, illustrations, index maps, legends, or other information associated with the principal map. This map shows features such as drainage, roads, cities and other human settlements, territorial boundaries and colonial claims, shoreline features, and more. Relief shown by hachures and spot heights. Includes also text and inset map: Central part of the Mexican Republic on an enlarged scale, based upon the surveys published by A. v. Humboldt, v. Gerolt, Heller, Smith and the Sociedad Mejicana de Geografía y Estadística. Scale 1:1,000,000.This layer is part of a selection of digitally scanned and georeferenced historic maps from the Harvard Map Collection. These maps typically portray both natural and manmade features. The selection represents a range of originators, ground condition dates, scales, and map purposes.

Central America & Caribbean Region, 1803 (Image 1 of 4) (Raster Image)

This layer is a georeferenced raster image of the historic paper map entitled: Chart of the West Indies and Spanish Dominions in North America, by A. Arrowsmith ; Jones, Smith & Co., sc. Beaufort Buildgs., Strand. It was published June 1st, 1803, by A. Arrowsmith, No. 24 Rathbone Place. Scale [ca. 1:2,775,525]. This layer is image 1 of 4 total images of the four sheet source map, representing the northeast portion of the map. Covers primarily Central America and the Caribbean region.The image inside the map neatline is georeferenced to the surface of the earth and fit to the World Miller Cylindrical projected coordinate system. All map collar and inset information is also available as part of the raster image, including any inset maps, profiles, statistical tables, directories, text, illustrations, index maps, legends, or other information associated with the principal map. This map shows features such as drainage, cities and other human settlements, territorial boundaries, shoreline features, roads, mines, and more. Relief shown by hachures, depths shown by soundings. Includes notes.This layer is part of a selection of digitally scanned and georeferenced historic maps from the Harvard Map Collection. These maps typically portray both natural and manmade features. The selection represents a range of originators, ground condition dates, scales, and map purposes.

Central America & Caribbean Region, 1803 (Image 2 of 4) (Raster Image)

This layer is a georeferenced raster image of the historic paper map entitled: Chart of the West Indies and Spanish Dominions in North America, by A. Arrowsmith ; Jones, Smith & Co., sc. Beaufort Buildgs., Strand. It was published June 1st, 1803, by A. Arrowsmith, No. 24 Rathbone Place in 1803. Scale [ca. 1:2,775,525]. This layer is image 2 of 4 total images of the four sheet source map, representing the southeast portion fo the map. Covers primarily Central America and the Caribbean region.The image inside the map neatline is georeferenced to the surface of the earth and fit to the World Miller Cylindrical projected coordinate system. All map collar and inset information is also available as part of the raster image, including any inset maps, profiles, statistical tables, directories, text, illustrations, index maps, legends, or other information associated with the principal map. This map shows features such as drainage, cities and other human settlements, territorial boundaries, shoreline features, roads, mines, and more. Relief shown by hachures, depths shown by soundings. Includes notes.This layer is part of a selection of digitally scanned and georeferenced historic maps from the Harvard Map Collection. These maps typically portray both natural and manmade features. The selection represents a range of originators, ground condition dates, scales, and map purposes.

Central America & Caribbean Region, 1803 (Image 3 of 4) (Raster Image)

This layer is a georeferenced raster image of the historic paper map entitled: Chart of the West Indies and Spanish Dominions in North America, by A. Arrowsmith ; Jones, Smith & Co., sc. Beaufort Buildgs., Strand. It was published June 1st, 1803, by A. Arrowsmith, No. 24 Rathbone Place. Scale [ca. 1:2,775,525]. This layer is image 3 of 4 total images of the four sheet source map, representing the southwest portion fo the map. Covers primarily Central America and the Caribbean region.The image inside the map neatline is georeferenced to the surface of the earth and fit to the World Miller Cylindrical projected coordinate system. All map collar and inset information is also available as part of the raster image, including any inset maps, profiles, statistical tables, directories, text, illustrations, index maps, legends, or other information associated with the principal map. This map shows features such as drainage, cities and other human settlements, territorial boundaries, shoreline features, roads, mines, and more. Relief shown by hachures, depths shown by soundings. Includes notes.This layer is part of a selection of digitally scanned and georeferenced historic maps from the Harvard Map Collection. These maps typically portray both natural and manmade features. The selection represents a range of originators, ground condition dates, scales, and map purposes.

Central America & Caribbean Region, 1803 (Image 4 of 4) (Raster Image)

This layer is a georeferenced raster image of the historic paper map entitled: Chart of the West Indies and Spanish Dominions in North America, by A. Arrowsmith ; Jones, Smith & Co., sc. Beaufort Buildgs., Strand. It was published June 1st, 1803, by A. Arrowsmith, No. 24 Rathbone Place. Scale [ca. 1:2,775,525]. This layer is image 4 of 4 total images of the four sheet source map, representing the northwest portion fo the map. Covers primarily Central America and the Caribbean region.The image inside the map neatline is georeferenced to the surface of the earth and fit to the World Miller Cylindrical projected coordinate system. All map collar and inset information is also available as part of the raster image, including any inset maps, profiles, statistical tables, directories, text, illustrations, index maps, legends, or other information associated with the principal map. This map shows features such as drainage, cities and other human settlements, territorial boundaries, shoreline features, roads, mines, and more. Relief shown by hachures, depths shown by soundings. Includes notes.This layer is part of a selection of digitally scanned and georeferenced historic maps from the Harvard Map Collection. These maps typically portray both natural and manmade features. The selection represents a range of originators, ground condition dates, scales, and map purposes.

Mexico, United States, and Surroundings, 1811 (Raster Image)

This layer is a georeferenced raster image of the historic paper map entitled: Carte du Mexique : et des pays limitrophes situés au nord et à l'est, dressée d'après la grande cart de la Nouvelle Espagne de Mr. A. de Humbold et d'autres materiaux par J. B. Poirson ; gravé par Barriere et l'écriture par L Aubert. It was published by F. Schoell in 1811. Scale [ca. 1:8,000,000]. Map in French. Covers portion of North America, including the United States from the 42nd parallel south, Mexico, the Caribbean Islands east to Haiti, and portions of Guatamala, Belize, and Honduras. The image inside the map neatline is georeferenced to the surface of the earth and fit to the 'World Mercator' projection. All map collar and inset information is also available as part of the raster image, including any inset maps, profiles, statistical tables, directories, text, illustrations, index maps, legends, or other information associated with the principal map. This map shows features such as drainage, cities, indian settlements and other human settlements, territorial boundaries, shoreline features, and more. Relief is shown by hachures. Includes historical notes. This layer is part of a selection of digitally scanned and georeferenced historic maps from the Harvard Map Collection and the Harvard University Library as part of the Open Collections Program at Harvard University project: Organizing Our World: Sponsored Exploration and Scientific Discovery in the Modern Age. Maps selected for the project correspond to various expeditions and represent a range of regions, originators, ground condition dates, scales, and purposes.

The Business of Museums and the Engagement of 21st Century Audiences

Within the sub-theme of Collaboration, Partnerships, and Mergers – the author will create an engaging discussion with attendees on how the of business of museums lends itself to building collaborative and viable business partnerships which can be beneficial both in terms of revenue and audience engagement. A second element will examine through case studies how organizations such as the Oxford University Museum Partnership, The Lightbox Museum and Gallery as well as the British Museum and Museum of London retool and refocus their commercial interests to build sustainable partnerships and mergers with non-museum sector organizations to expand their retail and enterprising activities. Attendees and participants will gain an insight into these trends and methods currently being used by both large museum and small independent museums in the UK to grow their audiences through none traditional methods. Similarly, the author will demonstrate how non-traditional enterprising approaches to stewardship and education can demonstrate the public value of museums in an age when limited funding and competition for resources require museums to become more creative and collaborative outside their traditional roles, whilst continuing to engage and capitalize on the growing sophistication of 21st century audiences.

Ordering of Ge islands on Si(001) substrates patterned by nanoindentation

Spatial organization of Ge islands, grown by physical vapor deposition, on prepatterned Si(001) substrates has been investigated. The substrates were patterned prior to Ge deposition by nanoindentation. Characterization of Ge dots is performed by atomic force microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The nanoindents act as trapping sites, allowing ripening of Ge islands at those locations during subsequent deposition and diffusion of Ge on the surface. The results show that island ordering is intrinsically linked to the nucleation and growth at indented sites and it strongly depends on pattern parameters.

Xiamen Hai Cang tourism project : landscape planning and design of five islands

International practice-led design research in landscape architecture has identified the need for addressing the loss of biodiversity in urban environments. China has lost much of its biodiversity in rural and urban environments over thousands of years. However some Chinese cities have attempted to conserve what remains and enhance existing vegetation communities in isolated pockets. Island biogeography has been used as the basis for planning and designing landscapes in Australia and North America but not as yet in China, as far as we know. A gap in landscape design knowledge exists regarding how to apply landscape ecology concepts to urban islands of remaining biodiversity being developed for heavy Chinese domestic tourism impacts in the future. This project responded to the demands for harbour-side tourism opportunities in Xiamen City, Fujian Province, by proposing a range of eco-design innovations using concepts of patch, edge and interior to interconnect people and nature in a Chinese setting.

Petrology and geochemistry of the Quaternary Caldera-forming, Phonolitic Granadilla Eruption, Tenerife (Canary Islands)

The Granadilla eruption at 600 ka was one of the largest phonolitic explosive eruptions from the Las Cañadas volcano on Tenerife, producing a classical plinian eruptive sequence of a widespread pumice fall deposit overlain by an ignimbrite. The eruption resulted in a major phase of caldera collapse that probably destroyed the shallow-level magma chamber system. Granadilla pumices contain a diverse phenocryst assemblage of alkali feldspar + biotite + sodian diopside to aegirine–augite + titanomagnetite + ilmenite + nosean/haüyne + titanite + apatite; alkali feldspar is the dominant phenocryst and biotite is the main ferromagnesian phase. Kaersutite and partially resorbed plagioclase (oligoclase to sodic andesine) are present in some eruptive units, particularly in pumice erupted during the early plinian phase, and in the Granadilla ignimbrite at the top of the sequence. Associated with the kaersutite and plagioclase are small clots of microlitic plagioclase and kaersutite interpreted as quenched blebs of tephriphonolitic magma within the phonolite pumice. The Granadilla Member has previously been recognized as an example of reverse-then-normal compositional zonation, where the zonation is primarily expressed in terms of substantial variations in trace element abundances with limited major element variation (cryptic zonation). Evidence for cryptic zonation is also provided by the chemistry of the phenocryst phases, and corresponding changes in intensive parameters (e.g. T, f O2, f  H2O). Geothermometry estimates indicate that the main body of phonolite magma had a temperature gradient from 860 °C to ∼790 °C, with hotter magma (≥900 °C) tapped at the onset and terminal phases of the eruption. The reverse-then-normal chemical and thermal zonation reflects the initial tapping of a partially hybridized magma (mixing of phonolite and tephriphonolite), followed by the more sequential tapping of a zoned and relatively large body of highly evolved phonolite at a new vent and during the main plinian phase. This suggests that the different magma types within the main holding chamber could have been laterally juxtaposed, as well as in a density-stratified arrangement. Correlations between the presence of mixed phenocryst populations (i.e. presence of plagioclase and kaersutite) and coarser pumice fall layers suggest that increased eruption vigour led to the tapping of hybridized and/or less evolved magma probably from greater depths in the chamber. New oxygen isotope data for glass and mineral separates preclude syn-eruptive interaction between the vesiculating magma and hydrothermal fluids as the cause of the Sr isotope disequilibrium identified previously for the deposit. Enrichment in radiogenic Sr in the pumice glass has more likely been due to low-temperature exchange with meteoric water that was enriched in 87Sr by sea spray, which may be a common process affecting porous and glassy pyroclastic deposits on oceanic islands.

The Galapagos Islands and Darwin's (en)tangled bank

The body of the article concerns itself with the vulnerability of islands and focuses on the Galapagos Archipelago where the author spent three years studying flamingoes and flightless cormorants.The article suggests practical, simple behavioural changes that individuals might adopt to help increase biodiversity and extend natural corridors and islands of vegetation throughout cities and suburbs. It will ask some questions about human motives for behaviour change and moral decisions.

Living Science: Three years in the Galapagos Islands.

The paper is an outline of work done from 1977-1979 by the authors, as visiting scientists at the Charles Darwin Research Station in the Galapagos Islands, Ecuador.They were funded for three years by the WWF (World Wildlife Fund)and the Bird Preservation Society of UK to study the breeding biology and ethology of Flightless cormorants and the Greater Flamingo. The presentation includes human aspects of living on and travelling between uninhabited islands.