289 resultados para Brucella ovis


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Dalai-lamae (Ovis ammon dalai-lamae), Gobi (O. a. darwini), Kara Tau (O. a. nigrimontana) and Tibetan (O. a. hodgsoni) argali share a 2n = 56 diploid chromosome number and a karyotype consisting of 2 pairs of biarmed and 25 pairs of acrocentric autosomes, a large acrocentric X and a minute Y chromosome. The Giemsa-banding patterns of the largest pair of biarmed chromosomes were identical to those of the largest biarmed chromosomes in all wild sheep and domestic sheep of the genus Ovis. The banding patterns of the second pair of biarmed chromosomes (metacentric) were identical to the third pair of biarmed chromosomes in Ovis with 2n = 54 and to the third largest pair of chromosomes in the 2n = 52 karyotype of Siberian snow sheep (O. nivicola). The G-banded karyotypes of dalai-lamae, darwini, hodgsoni and nigrimontana are consistent with all subspecies of argali (O. ammon), except that the Y chromosome is acrocentric instead of metacentric as typical of the argaliform wild sheep and Ovis. The Dalai-lamae and Tibetan argali specimens exhibit the light-colored, long-haired ruffs and body coloration typical of argalis from the Tibetan Plateau. The Gobi argali, from the extreme western Gobi, is similar to the dark phase argali.

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Based on mitochondrial cytochrome b gene sequence analysis, the history of true sheep ( Ovis) began approximately 3.12 million years ago ( MYA). The evolution of Ovis resulted in three generally accepted genetic groups: Argaliforms, Moufloniforms, and Pac

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The phylogenetic relationship of several subspecies of Ovis ammon were analyzed by comparing DNA sequences within the entire mitochondrial D-loop region. Five putative subspecies of ammon (dalai-lamae, darwini, hodgsoni, sairensis and adamerzi) were sampled from four provinces in China [Xinjiang, Qinghai, Gansu and Xizang (Tibet)] and two (servertzovi and nigrimontana) from Uzbekistan. The argalis sampled represent most of the currently recognized putative Subspecies of argali. Analysis of mtDNA sequences revealed high variability within ammon (7.7%), ranging from 2.4 to 11.5%. MaxiMUM-Parsimony tree indicated that nigrimontana from Uzbekistan diverged First, followed by severtzovi from Uzbekistan. The dispersal of argalis into China gave rise to three clades, suggesting that the argali originated in Western Asia and then dispersed throughout the central Asian highlands on a southeastward course. Among the Chinese argalis, mtDNA analysis places dalailamae genetically closer to hodgsoni than to darwini. Severtzovi and.. nigrimontana are two separate subspecies and genetically distinct from the Chinese argali.

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Innate immunity recognizes bacterial molecules bearing pathogen-associated molecular patterns to launch inflammatory responses leading to the activation of adaptive immunity. However, the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of the gram-negative bacterium Brucella lacks a marked pathogen-associated molecular pattern, and it has been postulated that this delays the development of immunity, creating a gap that is critical for the bacterium to reach the intracellular replicative niche. We found that a B. abortus mutant in the wadC gene displayed a disrupted LPS core while keeping both the LPS O-polysaccharide and lipid A. In mice, the wadC mutant induced proinflammatory responses and was attenuated. In addition, it was sensitive to killing by non-immune serum and bactericidal peptides and did not multiply in dendritic cells being targeted to lysosomal compartments. In contrast to wild type B. abortus, the wadC mutant induced dendritic cell maturation and secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines. All these properties were reproduced by the wadC mutant purified LPS in a TLR4-dependent manner. Moreover, the core-mutated LPS displayed an increased binding to MD-2, the TLR4 co-receptor leading to subsequent increase in intracellular signaling. Here we show that Brucella escapes recognition in early stages of infection by expressing a shield against recognition by innate immunity in its LPS core and identify a novel virulence mechanism in intracellular pathogenic gram-negative bacteria. These results also encourage for an improvement in the generation of novel bacterial vaccines.

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The outer membrane (OM) of the intracellular parasite Brucella abortus is permeable to hydrophobic probes and resistant to destabilization by polycationic peptides and EDTA. The significance of these unusual properties was investigated in a comparative study with the opportunistic pathogens of the genus Ochrobactrum, the closest known Brucella relative. Ochrobactrum spp. OMs were impermeable to hydrophobic probes and sensitive to polymyxin B but resistant to EDTA. These properties were traced to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) because (i) insertion of B. abortus LPS, but not of Escherichia coli LPS, into Ochrobactrum OM increased its permeability; (ii) permeability and polymyxin B binding measured with LPS aggregates paralleled the results with live bacteria; and (iii) the predicted intermediate results were obtained with B. abortus-Ochrobactrum anthropi and E. coli-O. anthropi LPS hybrid aggregates. Although Ochrobactrum was sensitive to polymyxin, self-promoted uptake and bacterial lysis occurred without OM morphological changes, suggesting an unusual OM structural rigidity. Ochrobactrum and B. abortus LPSs showed no differences in phosphate, qualitative fatty acid composition, or acyl chain fluidity. However, Ochrobactrum LPS, but not B. abortus LPS, contained galacturonic acid. B. abortus and Ochrobactrum smooth LPS aggregates had similar size and zeta potential (-12 to -15 mV). Upon saturation with polymyxin, zeta potential became positive (1 mV) for Ochrobactrum smooth LPS while remaining negative (-5 mV) for B. abortus smooth LPS, suggesting hindered access to inner targets. These results show that although Ochrobactrum and Brucella share a basic OM pattern, subtle modifications in LPS core cause markedly different OM properties, possibly reflecting the adaptive evolution of B. abortus to pathogenicity.

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Tesis (Maestría en Ciencias con Especialidad en Biología Moleculare Ingeniería Genética) UANL

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Tesis (Maestría en Ciencias con Especialidad en Microbiología) UANL

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Tesis (Maestría en Salud Pública con Especialidad en Salud en el Trabajo) U.A.N.L., 2001

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Tesis (Maestro en Ciencias Veterinarias) U.A.N.L., 2006

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Tesis (Maestría en Ciencias Forestales) UANL, 2011.

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Tesis (Maestría en Ciencias con Especialidad en Biología Molecular e Ingeniería Genética) UANL, 2012.

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A brucelose é uma zoonose de distribuição mundial e representa um importante problema de saúde pública em muitos países em desenvolvimento. Preocupante é, também, a emergência da resistência bacteriana aos antimicrobianos, a nível mundial. Do nosso conhecimento, em Portugal, não existem estudos publicados sobre a susceptibilidade in vitro de Brucella spp a antimicrobianos. O presente estudo teve como objectivo a avaliação da susceptibilidade aos antimicrobianos de Brucella suis e sua comparação com estirpes de Brucella melitensis e Brucella abortus. Para tal, foi determinada em 89 estirpes bacterianas (75 de B. suis, 11 de B. melitensis e 3 de B. abortus) a Concentração Mínima Inibitória para a tetraciclina, doxiciclina, estreptomicina, gentamicina, trimetoprim, sulfametoxazol, rifampicina e polimixina-B. A maioria das estirpes em estudo mostrou ser suscetível à tetraciclina, doxiciclina, gentamicina, estreptomicina e rifampicina. Detectaram-se diferenças significativas na susceptibilidade entre as várias espécies e biovares à polimixina-B. Uma estirpe de campo de B. suis biovar 2 revelou um comportamento atípico em relação à estreptomicina, gentamicina e rifampicina. Sugere-se, como trabalho futuro, o estudo mais aprofundado desta estirpe, a nível molecular, para detecção de genes responsáveis pelo seu comportamento face aos antimicrobianos em questão. Os resultados obtidos poderão servir como base de dados e de comparação por parte de outros autores, em estudos futuros.