"Il pipistrello dai mille colori" di Zélia Gattai: traduzione e commento delle scelte traduttive del racconto brasiliano di sensibilizzazione dell'infanzia verso il rispetto della natura

Abstract in italiano L’oggetto del presente elaborato è una proposta di traduzione dal portoghese all’italiano di un racconto della scrittrice brasiliana Zélia Gattai intitolato "Pipistrelo das mil cores". Il libro ha come fine quello di educare i più piccoli alla tutela della fauna e porre un freno alla crudeltà sugli animali. Questo progetto si divide in tre capitoli: nel primo vengono presentate l’autrice e l’opera, nel secondo la traduzione e, nell’ultimo, vengono commentate le scelte traduttive con particolare attenzione al tipo di pubblico cui il testo è rivolto. Sinopse em português O tema desta dissertação é uma proposta de tradução de português para italiano dum conto da literatura infantil brasileira cujo título é "Pipistrelo das mil cores" escrito por Zélia Gattai. O livro tem o fim de sensibilizar as crianças sobre a salvaguarda da fauna e de pôr fim aos maus tratos infligidos aos animais. Este estudo encontra-se dividido em três capítulos: no primeiro, é apresentada a autora e a obra, no segundo, a tradução e, no terceiro, analizam-se as opções tradutivas com especial atenção para o tipo de leitores aos quais o texto está endereçado. Abstract in English The aim of this dissertation is to translate a piece of Brazilian children’s literature published under the title of "Pipistrelo das mil cores" written by Zélia Gattai from Portuguese into Italian. The objective of the book is to raise awareness of wildlife conservation and of cruelty to animals. This study is divided into three chapters. The first one introduces the author and the book, the second one presents a translation proposal and the last one analyses the translating choices with particular attention to the target audience.

Relating orogen width to shortening, erosion, and exhumation during Alpine collision

We investigate along-strike width changes of the thickened, accreted lower plate (TALP) in the Central and in the Eastern Alps. We set the width of the TALP in relation to the inferred amount of collisional shortening and exhumation along six orogen-scale cross sections. Taking the present-day, along-strike gradients in the amount of collisional shortening to represent the temporal evolution of the collisional wedge, it may be concluded that the cross-sectional area of the TALP diminishes during ongoing shortening, indicating that the erosional flux outpaced the accretionary flux. Higher amounts of collisional shortening systematically coincide with smaller widths of the TALP and dramatic increases of the reconstructed eroded rock column. Higher amounts of shortening also coincide with larger amplitudes of orogen-scale, upright folds, with higher exhumation and with higher exhumation rates. Hence, erosion did play a major role in reducing by >30 km the vertical crustal thickness in order to accommodate and allow shortening by folding. Long-term climate differences cannot explain alternating changes of width by a factor of almost 2 along straight segments of the orogen on length scales less than 200 km, as observed from the western Central Alps to the easternmost Eastern Alps. Sedimentary or paleontological evidences supporting such paleo-climatic differences are lacking, suggesting that erosional processes did not directly control the width of the orogen.

Ediacaran 2,500-km-long synchronous deep continental subduction in the West Gondwana Orogen

The deeply eroded West Gondwana Orogen is a major continental collision zone that exposes numerous occurrences of deeply subducted rocks, such as eclogites. The position of these eclogites marks the suture zone between colliding cratons, and the age of metamorphism constrains the transition from subduction-dominated tectonics to continental collision and mountain building. Here we investigate the metamorphic conditions and age of high-pressure and ultrahigh-pressure eclogites from Mali, Togo and NE-Brazil and demonstrate that continental subduction occurred within 20 million years over at least a 2,500-km-long section of the orogen during the Ediacaran. We consider this to be the earliest evidence of large-scale deep-continental subduction and consequent appearance of Himalayan-scale mountains in the geological record. The rise and subsequent erosion of such mountains in the Late Ediacaran is perfectly timed to deliver sediments and nutrients that are thought to have been necessary for the subsequent evolution of sustainable life on Earth.

Exhumation rates in the Archean from pressure-ime paths: Examplefrom the Skjoldungen Orogen (SE Greenland)

The discussions on the orogenic evolution during Earth's history converge to the question of a different thermal structure in the Archean compared to the Phanerozoic and the applicability of the plate tectonic paradigm. However, geothermal structures are transient in orogens and are difficult to translate into large-scale tectonics and exhumation rates. Therefore, we propose depth–time data in the Archean Skjoldungen Orogen (SE Greenland, North Atlantic Craton) that allow for reconstruction of an exhumation rate independent of geothermal gradients. The resulting exhumation rate of ca. 0.4 km/Ma is similar to exhumation rates during erosion-controlled processes in modern orogens. These exhumation rates can only be established by erosion time constants similar to modern orogens. The occurrence of erosion-controlled exhumation is best explained by a stiff foreland promoting localized deformation in the orogen. Therefore, a switch from magmatic-dominated processes to localized deformation is proposed in the Skjoldungen Orogen area. This is supported by a change in magma composition and volume, from widespread granodiorite to localized alkaline intrusions. In addition, the involved metasedimentary rocks include detrital zircons of the only 50 Ma older foreland, which also correspond to erosion and tectonics as in modern orogens, i.e. flysh-type sediments. Relatively fast exhumation rates and the structural-magmatic evolution of the Neoarchean Skjoldungen Orogen thus indicate modern-style tectonic processes where stiff Mesoarchean continental crust forms a foreland to a collisional orogen instead of typical accretionary tectonics of weak island arc-like terranes in granite-greenstone terranes.

Geochemistry of metasedimentary units of the Cambro-Ordovician Ross Orogen in North Victoria Land and Oates Land, Antarctica

Metasediments in the three early Palaeozoic Ross orogenic terranes in northern Victoria Land and Oates Land (Antarctica) are geochemically classified as immature litharenites to wackes and moderately mature shales. Highly mature lithotypes with Chemical Index of Weathering values of >=95 are typically absent. Geochemical and Rb-Sr and Sm-Nd isotope results indicate that the turbiditic metasediments of the Cambro-Ordovician Robertson Bay Group in the eastern Robertson Bay Terrane represent a very homogeneous series lacking significant compositional variations. Major variations are only found in chemical parameters which reflect differences in degree of chemical weathering of their protoliths and in mechanical sorting of the detritus. Geochemical data, 87Sr/ 86Sr t=490 Ma ratios of 0.7120 - 0.7174, epsilonNd, t=490 Ma values of -7.6 to -10.3 and single-stage Nd-model ages of 1.7 - 1.9 Ga are indicative of an origin from a chemically evolved crustal source of on average late Palaeoproterozoic formation age. There is no evidence for significant sedimentary infill from primitive "ophiolitic" sources. Metasediments of the Middle Cambrian Molar Formation (Bowers Terrane) are compositionally strongly heterogeneous. Their major and trace element data and Sm-Nd isotope data (epsilonNd, t=500 Ma values of -14.3 to -1.2 and single-stage Nd-model ages of 1.7 - 2.1 Ga) can be explained by mixing of sedimentary input from an evolved crustal source of at least early Palaeoproterozoic formation age and from a primitive basaltic source. The chemical heterogeneity of metasediments from the Wilson Terrane is largely inherited from compositional variations of their precursor rocks as indicated by the Ni vs TiO2 diagram. Single-stage Nd-model ages of 1.6 -2.2 Ga for samples from more western inboard areas of the Wilson Terrane (epsilonNd, t=510 Ma -7.0 to -14.3) indicate a relatively high proportion of material derived from a crustal source with on average early Palaeoproterozoic formation age. Metasedimentary series in an eastern, more outboard position (epsilonNd, t=510 Ma -5.4 to -10.0; single-stage Nd model ages 1.4 - 1.9) on the contrary document stronger influence of a more primitive source with younger formation ages. The chemical and isotopic characteristics of metasediments from the Bowers and Wilson terranes can be explained by variable contributions from two contrasting sources: a cratonic continental crust similar to the Antarctic Shield exposed in Georg V Land and Terre Adélie some hundred kilometers west of the study area and a primitive basaltic source probably represented by the Cambrian island-arc of the Bowers Terrane. While the data for metasediments of the Robertson Bay Terrane are also compatible with an origin from an Antarctic-Shield-type source, there is no direct evidence from their geochemistry or isotope geochemistry for an island-arc component in these series.

Le impugnazioni nel nuovo Código de Processo Civil brasiliano, tra isonomia e deflazione

Número dedicado ao Novo Código de Processo Civil.

Origin of the Archean Sask craton and its extent within the Trans-Hudson orogen: evidence from Pb and Nd isotopic compositions of basement rocks and post-orogenic intrusions

U-Pb zircon ages from the exposed Sask craton are 2450-3100 Ma, from the Peter Lake Domain 2575-2640 Ma, and from rocks of the Trans-Hudson orogen 1840-1880 Ma. U-Pb monazite and zircon ages of post-orogenic pegmatites and aplites are 1770-1800 Ma. Common Pb and Sm-Nd isotopic compositions of post-orogenic intrusions, as probes of crust beneath the orogen, were compared to Sask craton rocks and ca. 1850 Ma orogenic rocks to infer the origin and subsurface distribution of the Sask craton within the internides of the Trans-Hudson orogen. Results show that post-orogenic intrusions within most of the Glennie Domain and Hanson Lake block were derived, at least in part, from Archean source materials, demonstrating that the Sask craton lies beneath Paleoproterozoic orogenic rocks present at the surface. In contrast, common Pb and Sm-Nd isotopic compositions from pegmatites and aplites of the La Ronge Domain are essentially identical with those of the Paleoproterozoic orogenic rocks into which they are intruded, indicating derivation by partial melting of similar rocks. Thus, if the Sask craton extended to the west beneath the La Ronge Domain, it was beneath the zone of melting that produced the post-orogenic intrusions, making it unlikely that the Sask craton is a detached part of the Hearne craton. Many samples from the Sask craton have elevated Pb-208/Pb-204 ratios, unlike Superior craton or Hearne craton rocks, suggesting that the Sask craton was derived from an exotic source, such as the Wyoming craton, which shares similar elevated Pb-208/Pb-204 ratios.

Melhoria da Atenção ao Pré-Natal e Puerpério na ESF Brasiliano, Santa Vitória do Palmar/RS

A Atenção Primária no Brasil tem um papel essencial para a saúde da população, sendo dever de todos os profissionais de saúde acolherem o usuário, visando um acompanhamento continuado e proporcionando também as orientaçoes e esclarecimentos necessários (BRASIL 2012). Nesse sentido, e considerando o alto índice de mortalidade infantil, intervir junto às gestantes e puérperas proporciona cuidados e orientações essenciais para a saúde materno-infantil. Desta maneira, com vistas em qualificar a atenção prestada às gestantes e puérperas em nossa unidade de saúde e cumprir com os princípios do SUS, realizamos uma intervenção na Unidade Básica de Saúde da Família Brasiliano, localizada em Santa Vitória do Palmar/RS com duração de 12 semanas. Utilizou-se protocolo do Ministério da Saúde (MS) como referência para a ação programática e os instrumentos disponibilizados pelo curso como ficha espelho e planilha de coleta de dados. Previamente à intervenção, as coberturas eram de 42% e 70%, respectivamente, para gestantes e puérperas bem como não havia uma padronização nas atividades do serviço de saúde. No final da intervenção, assistimos 38 gestantes e 17 puérperas, alcançando-se as metas de 100%. Além disso, melhoramos a qualidade da atenção realizada na unidade com a elaboração de ações da equipe de saúde, capacitação da equipe, visita domiciliar, busca ativa, orientações e prescrições de acido fólico/sulfato ferroso e de exames laboratoriais, adoção de protocolos do Ministério de Saúde, avaliação e identificação de atendimento odontológico com agendamento de consulta, avaliação de risco psicológico e orientações de prevenção e promoção de saúde. A boa receptividade da comunidade com a intervenção, os bons resultados e a capacitação da equipe para o uso dos protocolos serviu como ponto de partida para implementarmos outras ações programáticas com vistas a qualificar as atividades na unidade de saúde.

Interação entre alunos com e sem deficiencia na educação fisica escolar : validação de instrumento

Universidade Estadual de Campinas. Faculdade de Educação Física