190 resultados para Appius Claudius
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Thesis (doctoral)--Konigl. Universitat Breslau.
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Mode of access: Internet.
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Mode of access: Internet.
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Photographs
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Photograph and translation
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Objectives In 2012, the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence assessed dasatinib, nilotinib, and standard-dose imatinib as first-line treatment of chronic phase chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML). Licensing of these alternative treatments was based on randomized controlled trials assessing complete cytogenetic response (CCyR) and major molecular response (MMR) at 12 months as primary end points. We use this case study to illustrate the validation of CCyR and MMR as surrogate outcomes for overall survival in CML and how this evidence was used to inform National Institute for Health and Care Excellence’s recommendation on the public funding of these first-line treatments for CML. Methods We undertook a systematic review and meta-analysis to quantify the association between CCyR and MMR at 12 months and overall survival in patients with chronic phase CML. We estimated life expectancy by extrapolating long-term survival from the weighted overall survival stratified according to the achievement of CCyR and MMR. Results Five studies provided data on the observational association between CCyR or MMR and overall survival. Based on the pooled association between CCyR and MMR and overall survival, our modeling showed comparable predicted mean duration of survival (21–23 years) following first-line treatment with imatinib, dasatinib, or nilotinib. Conclusions This case study illustrates the consideration of surrogate outcome evidence in health technology assessment. Although it is often recommended that the acceptance of surrogate outcomes be based on randomized controlled trial data demonstrating an association between the treatment effect on both the surrogate outcome and the final outcome, this case study shows that policymakers may be willing to accept a lower level of evidence (i.e., observational association).
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Este artículo se inscribe dentro del programa de perfeccionamiento postdoctoral en el extranjero del Departamento de Educación, Universidades e Investigación del Gobierno Vasco. Forma parte, asimismo, del proyecto HAR2010-21893: «El discurso sobre el imperio en la República romana: Estrategias de dominación en la oratoria diplomática»
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O presente trabalho tem por objetivo analisar a construção da identidade nos discursos literários de José de Alencar e Mário de Andrade em que o recurso à literatura oral aparece como elemento central. O foco da análise são os textos críticos e teóricos desses autores, tomando-se especialmente em consideração questões da teoria de Johann Gottfried Herder sobre a poesia popular enquanto poesia natural, que deveria servir de matéria prima para a literatura erudita