1000 resultados para América Latina-Política
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Este trabajo tiene como objetivo principal el comprender y describir la racionalidad que sustenta, a inicios del siglo XXI, la definición de los objetivos y la estrategia de Política exterior china, aterrizando, al interior de la región de América Latina y el Caribe, en los casos de Ecuador y Perú. Con ese fin, se ha explorado, desde el marco teórico del realismo, la necesidad de maximización de seguridad de la República Popular China, inmersa, al igual que todos los demás Estados, en un Sistema Internacional anárquico. Su necesidad de cooperación responde al interés por preservar un entorno internacional pacífico favorable a la expansión de una red de negocio y comercio que influye a todos los Estados, sea como mercados de los bienes chinos, o como fuentes de materia prima. En ese contexto, la expansión del poder blando chino ha logrado alinear a diferentes Estados de la región y hoy trabajan en función de la maximización de seguridad china.
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Formando parte importante del conjunto de los países en vías de desarrollo, América Latina y el Caribe constituyen una fuerza relevante en el actual escenario internacional. Las nuevas circunstancias traen renovadas oportunidades de desarrollo para las relaciones sino-latinoamericanas y no-caribeñas. La elaboración por parte del Gobierno chino del Documento sobre la Política hacia América Latina y el Caribe tiene como propósito manifestar con mayor claridad los objetivos de la política china hacia la región, plantear los principios rectores de la cooperación en las diversas áreas durante un determinado período del futuro y promover el continuo desarrollo sano, estable e integral de las relaciones sino-latinoamericanas y sino-caribeñas.
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Este artigo desenvolve um modelo de crescimento econômico endógeno com dívida pública onde o governo pode alocar seus gastos de diferentes formas. Assim, para aumentar gastos em educação ou infra-estrutura o governo tem de se endividar. Obtêm-se as condições fiscais pelas quais tais tipos de gastos podem ter seu efeito maximizado e os limites da sustentabilidade fiscal deste tipo de política são determinados. Os resultados deixam claro que os efeitos dos gastos produtivos do governo sobre o crescimento dependem do tamanho da dívida e do superávit primário configurando um cenário com equilíbrios múltiplos. Além disso a equação de crescimento obtida através do modelo teórico é estimada para a América Latina, comprovando as predições teóricas.
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This work aims at studying the policies of teaching training and their impact in the actors and in the education systems of the countries in which these policies were implemented into the context of neoliberal reforms. We particularly studied these policies in three Latin America countries: Argentina, Brazil and Chile. The policies studied here are the ones implemented from the 90 s. However, the horizon of this study is at the beginning of the 80 s, period that starts one of the four intervention initiatives of education here studied: The Main Project of Education For Latin America and Caribbean (PROMEDLAC), which in 2002 goes into a new stage and it is called Regional Project of Education for Latin America and Caribbean (PRELAC), worked out by UNESCO as a request of government representatives of countries of the region, based on the suggestions of Declaration of Mexico , signed by them in 1979. These suggestions will be in the base of the other three initiatives: The Education For All (EPT); Ibero-American Conferences of Education (CIE) and The Hemisphere Action Plan of Education (PAHE), whose documents are the base to the production of an abundant legislation and normatization on education that created the parameters on which the policies of education reforms were worked out and implemented and the dynamism of our education systems from the last two decades of the twentieth century on. All these initiatives intend to work with objectives, projects and programs that, in some cases, in isolation or in groups, are under influence of their actions in a way that frequently it is difficult to identify which of them is the main responsible for some advances. It is important to stand out that not all of the suggestions produced by these initiatives were implemented as policies, and many of them to be implemented were changed in such a way that they were distorted, even they were a result of a multilateral deal, each country gave to them its own interpretation. Moreover, in all these processes the teaching entities had and keep having a fundamental role. The evidences, result of the evaluations of each initiative, show that education policies implemented produced advances in several aspects. They are still not the ideal ones, in truth, but they do exist. In relation to the teaching questions, there were and are still being implemented multiples and varied actions that did not have the expected impact in the education systems of the countries, objects of this study, but, many of them that go on, are promising and start to have a positive impact into the education systems. Even so, the teaching subject matter, even playing a central role in the agenda of all countries of the region, still represents one of the big challenges to the advance and improvement of our education systems
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Política económica y planificación en América latina = Economic policy and planning in Latin America
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