Self-Organizing Architectural design based on Morphogenetic Programming.

In this paper, we present our research into self-organizing building algorithms. This idea of self-organization of animal/plants behaviour interests researchers to explore the mechanisms required for this emergent phenomena and try to apply them in other domains. We were able to implement a typical construction algorithm in a 3D simulation environment and reproduce the results of previous research in the area. LSystems, morphogenetic programming and wasp nest building are explained in order to understand self-organizing models. We proposed Grammatical swarm as a good tool to optimize building structures.

A landscape architectural design approach:the restoration of the Angel Tower and the Cloister of the Cathedral of Cuenca.

Este art��culo trata de analizar la reciente evoluci��n de los conceptos sobre intervenci��n en el Patrimonio Cultural. Para ello utiliza como modelo el proyecto metodol��gico aplicado sobre las dos ��ltimas actuaciones efectuadas en la Catedral de Cuenca. La Carta de Atenas, 1931, que estableci�� las bases de la modernidad sobre las dos trayectorias de espacio y tiempo, concuerdan hoy despu��s de casi un siglo, recuperando su punto de encuentro. El art��culo b��sicamente valora el potencial que los proyectos contempor��neos de intervenci��n en el patrimonio pueden ofrecer cuando estudias su trayectoria en el paisaje. En orden a certificar sus transformaciones desde la actualidad, el singular monumento de la Catedral de Cuenca, utilizado como modelo, nos aporta a trav��s de sus materiales y morfolog��a la memoria secular que nos informa de sus t��cnicas constructivas y valores sociales. Este modelo abre un di��logo entre teor��a y pr��ctica reflejado a trav��s de los trabajos de restauraci��n aplicados. Despu��s de treinta a��os de experiencia restauradora llevada a cabo por los autores, las dos ��ltimas intervenciones que son minuciosamente expuestas, revelan algunas nuevas estrategias de aplicaci��n en el proyecto de intervenci��n.

Architecture for general readers : a short treatise on the principles and motives of architectural design : with a historical sketch /

Includes index.

Architectural design in object-z

We present a process for introducing an object-oriented architecture into an abstract functional specification written in Object-Z. Since the design is derived from the specification, correctness concerns are addressed as pan of the design process. We base our approach on refactoring rules that apply to class structure, and use the rules to implement design patterns. As a motivating example, we introduce a user-interface design that follows the model-view-controller paradigm into an existing specification.

Problem solving in architectural design

This thesis is presented in two parts. The first part is an attempt to set out a framework of factors influencing the problem solving stage of the architectural design process. The discussion covers the nature of architectural problems and some of the main ways in which they differ from other types of design problems. The structure of constraints that both the problem and the architect impose upon solutions are seen as of great importance in defining the type of design problem solving situation. The problem solver, or architect, is then studied. The literature of the psychology of thinking is surveyed for relevant work . All of the traditional schools of psychology are found wanting in terms of providing a comprehensive theory of thinking. Various types of thinking are examined, particularly structural and productive thought, for their relevance to design problem solving. Finally some reported common traits of architects are briefly reviewed. The second section is a report of u~o main experiments which model some aspects of architectural design problem solving. The first experiment examines the way in which architects come to understand the structure of their problems. The performances of first and final year architectural students are compared with those of postgraduate science students and sixth form pupils. On the whole these groups show significantly different results and also different cognitive strategies. The second experiment poses design problems which involve both subjective and objective criteria, and examines the way in which final year architectural students are able to relate the different types of constraint produced. In the final section the significance of all the results is suggested. Some educational and methodological implications are discussed and some further experiments and investigations are proposed.

Self-organizing Map and Cellular Automata Combined Technique for Advanced Mesh Generation in Urban and Architectural Design

This paper presents a technique for building complex and adaptive meshes for urban and architectural design. The combination of a self-organizing map and cellular automata algorithms stands as a method for generating meshes otherwise static. This intends to be an auxiliary tool for the architect or the urban planner, improving control over large amounts of spatial information. The traditional grid employed as design aid is improved to become more general and flexible.

Former West's Furniture Showroom

Former West's Furniture Showroom located at 620 Wickham Street, Fortitude Valley, Brisbane, Queensland was renovated by Robert Riddel, David Gole and David Oliver of Riddel Architecture. The building was originally designed by Karl Langer. Design features include natural light from skylights and windows positioned on an incline with a pond of water behind the glass.

Listening to the talk of the city: media and urban informatics in community consultation for architectural and urban design

The discipline of architecture focuses on designing the built environment in response to the needs of society, reflecting culture through materials and forms. The physical boundaries of the city have become blurred through the integration of digital media, connecting the physical environment with the digital. In the recent past the future was imagined as highly technological; Ridley Scott���s Blade Runner is set in 2019 and introduces a polluted world where supersized screens inject advertisements in the cluttered urban space. Now, in 2014 screens are central to everyday life, but in a completely different way in respect to what had been imagined. Through ubiquitous computing and social media, information is abundant. Digital technologies have changed the way people relate to urban form supporting discussion on multiple levels, allowing citizens to be more vocal than ever before. Bottom-up campaigns to oppose anticipated developments or to suggest intervention in the way cities are designed, are a common situation in several parts of the world. For some extent governments and local authorities are trying to engage with developing technologies, but a common issue is that social media cannot be controlled or filtered as can be done with more traditional consultation methods. We question how designers can use the affordances of urban informatics to obtain and navigate useful social information to inform architectural and urban design. This research investigates different approaches to engage communities in the debate on the built environment. Physical and digital discussions have been initiated to capture citizens��� opinions on the use and design of public places. Online platforms, urban screens, mobile apps and guerrilla techniques are explored in the context of Brisbane, Australia.

Design studio terrains: Mapping the learning landscapes of Australian architectural education

It has been nearly 25 years since the problems associated with passive learning in large undergraduate classes were first established by McDermott (1991). STEM education, for example North Carolina State University���s SCALE-UP project, has subsequently been influenced by some unique aspects of design studio education. While there are now many institutions applying SCALE-UP or similar approaches to enable lively interaction, enhanced learning, increased student engagement, and to teach many different content areas to classes of all sizes, nearly all of these have remained in the STEM fields (Beichner, 2008). Architectural education, although originally at the forefront of this field, has arguably been left behind. Architectural practice is undergoing significant change, globally. Access to new technology and the development of specialised architectural documentation software has scaffolded new building procurement methods and allowed consultant teams to work more collaboratively, efficiently and even across different time zones. Up until recently, the spatial arrangements, pedagogical approaches, and project work outcomes in the architectural design studio, have not been dissimilar to its inception. It is not possible to keep operating architectural design studios the same way that they have for the past two hundred years, with this new injection of high-end technology and personal mobile Wi-Fi enabled devices. Employing a grounded theory methodology, this study reviews the current provision of architectural design learning terrains across a range of tertiary institutions, in Australia. Some suggestions are provided for how these spaces could be modified to address the changing nature of the profession, and implications for how these changes may impact the design of future SCALE-UP type spaces outside of the discipline of architecture, are also explored.

The Perception of Light: Understanding Architectural Lighting Design

Light is essential to life and vision; without light, nothing exists. It plays a pivotal role in the world of architectural design and is used to generate all manner of perceptions that enhance the designed environment experience. But what are the fundamental elements that designers rely upon to generate light enhanced experiences? How are people���s perceptions influenced by designed light schemas? In this book Dr. Marisha McAuliffe highlights the relationship that exists between light source and surface and how both create quality of effect in the built environment. Concepts relating to architectural lighting design history, theories, research, and generation of lighting design schemes to create optimal experiences in architecture, interior architecture and design are all explored in detail. This book is essential reading for both the student and the professional working in architectural lighting, particularly in terms of qualitative perception oriented lighting design

Design thinking and the precautionary principle : development of a theoretical model complementing preventive judgment for design for sustainability enriched through a study of architectural competitions adopting LEED

Cette th��se contribue �� une th��orie g��n��rale de la conception du projet. S���inscrivant dans une demande marqu��e par les enjeux du d��veloppement durable, l���objectif principal de cette recherche est la contribution d���un mod��le th��orique de la conception permettant de mieux situer l���utilisation des outils et des normes d�����valuation de la durabilit�� d���un projet. Les principes fondamentaux de ces instruments normatifs sont analys��s selon quatre dimensions : ontologique, m��thodologique, ��pist��mologique et t��l��ologique. Les indicateurs de certains effets contre-productifs reli��s, en particulier, �� la mise en compte de ces normes confirment la n��cessit�� d���une th��orie du jugement qualitatif. Notre hypoth��se principale prend appui sur le cadre conceptuel offert par la notion de �� principe de pr��caution �� dont les premi��res formulations remontent du d��but des ann��es 1970, et qui avaient pr��cis��ment pour objectif de rem��dier aux d��faillances des outils et m��thodes d�����valuation scientifique traditionnelles. La th��se est divis��e en cinq parties. Commen��ant par une revue historique des mod��les classiques des th��ories de la conception (design thinking) elle se concentre sur l�����volution des modalit��s de prise en compte de la durabilit��. Dans cette perspective, on constate que les th��ories de la �� conception verte �� (green design) datant du d��but des ann��es 1960 ou encore, les th��ories de la �� conception ��cologique �� (ecological design) datant des ann��es 1970 et 1980, ont finalement converg�� avec les r��centes th��ories de la ��conception durable�� (sustainable design) �� partir du d��but des ann��es 1990. Les diff��rentes approches du �� principe de pr��caution �� sont ensuite examin��es sous l���angle de la question de la durabilit�� du projet. Les standards d�����valuation des risques sont compar��s aux approches utilisant le principe de pr��caution, r��v��lant certaines limites lors de la conception d���un projet. Un premier mod��le th��orique de la conception int��grant les principales dimensions du principe de pr��caution est ainsi esquiss��. Ce mod��le propose une vision globale permettant de juger un projet int��grant des principes de d��veloppement durable et se pr��sente comme une alternative aux approches traditionnelles d�����valuation des risques, �� la fois d��terministes et instrumentales. L���hypoth��se du principe de pr��caution est d��s lors propos��e et examin��e dans le contexte sp��cifique du projet architectural. Cette exploration d��bute par une pr��sentation de la notion classique de ��prudence�� telle qu���elle fut historiquement utilis��e pour guider le jugement architectural. Qu���en est-il par cons��quent des d��fis pr��sent��s par le jugement des projets d���architecture dans la mont��e en puissance des m��thodes d�����valuation standardis��es (ex. Leadership Energy and Environmental Design; LEED) ? La th��se propose une r��interpr��tation de la th��orie de la conception telle que propos��e par Donald A. Sch��n comme une fa��on de prendre en compte les outils d�����valuation tels que LEED. Cet exercice r��v��le cependant un obstacle ��pist��mologique qui devra ��tre pris en compte dans une reformulation du mod��le. En accord avec l�����pist��mologie constructiviste, un nouveau mod��le th��orique est alors confront�� �� l�����tude et l���illustration de trois concours d'architecture canadienne contemporains ayant adopt�� la m��thode d'��valuation de la durabilit�� normalis��e par LEED. Une s��rie pr��liminaire de ��tensions�� est identifi��e dans le processus de la conception et du jugement des projets. Ces tensions sont ensuite cat��goris��es dans leurs homologues conceptuels, construits �� l���intersection du principe de pr��caution et des th��ories de la conception. Ces tensions se divisent en quatre cat��gories : (1) conceptualisation - analogique/logique; (2) incertitude - ��pist��mologique/m��thodologique; (3) comparabilit�� - interpr��tation/analytique, et (4) proposition - universalit��/ pertinence contextuelle. Ces tensions conceptuelles sont consid��r��es comme autant de vecteurs entrant en corr��lation avec le mod��le th��orique qu���elles contribuent �� enrichir sans pour autant constituer des validations au sens positiviste du terme. Ces confrontations au r��el permettent de mieux d��finir l���obstacle ��pist��mologique identifi�� pr��c��demment. Cette th��se met donc en ��vidence les impacts g��n��ralement sous-estim��s, des normalisations environnementales sur le processus de conception et de jugement des projets. Elle prend pour exemple, de fa��on non restrictive, l���examen de concours d'architecture canadiens pour b��timents publics. La conclusion souligne la n��cessit�� d'une nouvelle forme de �� prudence r��flexive �� ainsi qu���une utilisation plus critique des outils actuels d�����valuation de la durabilit��. Elle appelle une instrumentalisation fond��e sur l'int��gration globale, plut��t que sur l'opposition des approches environnementales.

Sustaining culture through architecture : how can local, vernacular architectural principles be adapted to contemporary design in a village in Guyana

This thesis explores how architecture can adapt local vernacular design principles to contemporary building design in a rural setting. Vernacular buildings in Guyana present a unique and coherent set of design principles developed in response to climatic and cultural conditions. The concept of ���habitus��� proposed by philosopher Pierre Bourdieu describing the evolving nature of social culture was used to interpret Guyanese local buildings. These principles were then applied to the design of a Women���s Center in the village of Port Mourant on the east coast of Guyana. The design specifically interpreted the ���bottom-house��� of local Guyanese architecture, an inherently flexible transitional outdoor space beneath raised buildings. The design of the Women���s Center demonstrates how contemporary architectural design can respond to climatic requirements, local preferences and societal needs to support the local culture.

Architectural-Physical Co-Design of 3D CPUs with Micro-Fluidic Cooling

The performance, energy efficiency and cost improvements due to traditional technology scaling have begun to slow down and present diminishing returns. Underlying reasons for this trend include fundamental physical limits of transistor scaling, the growing significance of quantum effects as transistors shrink, and a growing mismatch between transistors and interconnects regarding size, speed and power. Continued Moore's Law scaling will not come from technology scaling alone, and must involve improvements to design tools and development of new disruptive technologies such as 3D integration. 3D integration presents potential improvements to interconnect power and delay by translating the routing problem into a third dimension, and facilitates transistor density scaling independent of technology node. Furthermore, 3D IC technology opens up a new architectural design space of heterogeneously-integrated high-bandwidth CPUs. Vertical integration promises to provide the CPU architectures of the future by integrating high performance processors with on-chip high-bandwidth memory systems and highly connected network-on-chip structures. Such techniques can overcome the well-known CPU performance bottlenecks referred to as memory and communication wall. However the promising improvements to performance and energy efficiency offered by 3D CPUs does not come without cost, both in the financial investments to develop the technology, and the increased complexity of design. Two main limitations to 3D IC technology have been heat removal and TSV reliability. Transistor stacking creates increases in power density, current density and thermal resistance in air cooled packages. Furthermore the technology introduces vertical through silicon vias (TSVs) that create new points of failure in the chip and require development of new BEOL technologies. Although these issues can be controlled to some extent using thermal-reliability aware physical and architectural 3D design techniques, high performance embedded cooling schemes, such as micro-fluidic (MF) cooling, are fundamentally necessary to unlock the true potential of 3D ICs. A new paradigm is being put forth which integrates the computational, electrical, physical, thermal and reliability views of a system. The unification of these diverse aspects of integrated circuits is called Co-Design. Independent design and optimization of each aspect leads to sub-optimal designs due to a lack of understanding of cross-domain interactions and their impacts on the feasibility region of the architectural design space. Co-Design enables optimization across layers with a multi-domain view and thus unlocks new high-performance and energy efficient configurations. Although the co-design paradigm is becoming increasingly necessary in all fields of IC design, it is even more critical in 3D ICs where, as we show, the inter-layer coupling and higher degree of connectivity between components exacerbates the interdependence between architectural parameters, physical design parameters and the multitude of metrics of interest to the designer (i.e. power, performance, temperature and reliability). In this dissertation we present a framework for multi-domain co-simulation and co-optimization of 3D CPU architectures with both air and MF cooling solutions. Finally we propose an approach for design space exploration and modeling within the new Co-Design paradigm, and discuss the possible avenues for improvement of this work in the future.