Book Review of Venereal Disease and the Lewis and Clark Expedition by Thomas P. Lowry

Although Lewis and Clark literature has proliferated in the last decade, few works have added scholarly discourse to this field of study. The highly focused Venereal Disease and the Lewis and Clark Expedition, however, will likely stand out on the Lewis and Clark bookshelf as an important contribution.

Clinical presentation of celiac disease and the diagnostic accuracy of serologic markers in children

There has been growing recognition of a changing clinical presentation of celiac disease (CD), with the manifestation of milder symptoms. Serologic testing is widely used to screen patients with suspected CD and populations at risk. The aim of this retrospective analysis was to evaluate the clinical presentation of CD in childhood, assess the diagnostic value of serologic tests, and investigate the impact of IgA deficiency on diagnostic accuracy. We evaluated 206 consecutive children with suspected CD on the basis of clinical symptoms and positive serology results. Ninety-four (46%) had biopsy-proven CD. The median age at diagnosis of CD was 6.8 years; 15% of the children were <2 years of age. There was a higher incidence of CD in girls (p = 0.003). Iron deficiency and intestinal complaints were more frequent in children with CD than those without CD (61% vs. 33%, p = 0.0001 and 71% vs. 55%, p = 0.02, respectively), while failure to thrive was less common (35% vs. 53%, p = 0.02). The sensitivity of IgA tissue transglutaminase (IgA-tTG) was 0.98 when including all children and 1.00 after excluding children with selective IgA deficiency. The specificity of IgA-tTG was 0.73 using the recommended cut-off value of 20 IU, and this improved to 0.94 when using a higher cut-off value of 100 IU. All children with CD and relative IgA deficiency (IgA levels that are measurable but below the age reference [n = 8]) had elevated IgA-tTG. In conclusion, CD is frequently diagnosed in school-age children with relatively mild symptoms. The absence of intestinal symptoms does not preclude the diagnosis of CD; many children with CD do not report intestinal symptoms. While the sensitivity of IgA-tTG is excellent, its specificity is insufficient for the diagnostic confirmation of a disease requiring life-long dietary restrictions. Children with negative IgA-tTG and decreased but measurable IgA values are unlikely to have CD.

Diseases in neonatal foals. Part 1: the 30 day incidence of disease and the effect of prophylactic antimicrobial drug treatment during the first three days post partum

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Neonatal diseases have been grouped and analysed but up-to-date statistically significant information about the incidence and prevalence of diseases in foals is limited. Since the 1950s it has been a common management practice to administer a 3 day course of antimicrobial drugs to neonatal foals. This was shown to significantly reduce the incidence of infections (Platt 1977). Since then management practices have improved and it is widely believed that prophylactic antimicrobial drugs are no longer necessary in foal rearing. OBJECTIVES: To determine the 30 day incidences or prevalences (depending on case definition) of various diseases and conditions in the neonatal foal and ascertain the influence of a prophylactic 3 day treatment on the frequency of infections. METHODS: The population consisted of Thoroughbred foals born on stud farms in the Newmarket (UK) area in 2005 (n = 1031). Depending on the stud farm's practice in the use of prophylactic antimicrobial drugs, 2 groups of newborn foals (treated and untreated) were identified and followed for 30 days. RESULTS: The 30 day incidences of infectious diseases under study were between 0.2% (osteomyelitis) and 5.85% (systemic disease with diarrhoea). The overall incidence for 'total infectious diseases' was 8.27%. The most commonly observed noninfectious condition was limb deformities (12.11% of all foals). There was no significant difference in the incidence of infectious diseases between the 2 groups. CONCLUSION: Infectious diseases are still an important problem in neonatal foals requiring further investigation as to which factors other than antimicrobial prophylaxis are relevant for disease prevention. POTENTIAL RELEVANCE: The results provide an up-to-date overview about the frequencies of various neonatal foal diseases. They do not support the traditional prophylactic use of antimicrobials to prevent infectious diseases in healthy newborn foals. However, it should be noted that this study was not a randomised controlled trial and therefore does not provide the strongest possible evidence for this conclusion.

Quarterly Journal of Science, Literature and the Arts.

1829 (July - Dec.)

Ralston gardens of life : a study of health and the best way of living, including the natural cure of disease and the perfecting of the faculties : also private walks and talks with the author and a complete presentation of diets in health and disease and foods of the Ralstonites /

Includes index.

Illustrated natural history of the animal kingdon, being a systematic and popular description of the habits, structure, and classification of animals from the highest to the lowest forms, with their relation to agriculture, commerce, manufactures, and the arts.

Published in 1868 under title: Johnson's natural history, comprehensive, scientific and popular ...

Illustrated natural history of the animal kingdom, being a systematic and popular description of the habits, structure, and classification of animals from the highest to the lowest forms, with their relations to agriculture, commerce, manufactures, and the arts.

Vol. 1 has added t.-p., illustrated: The animal kingdom illustrated ...

Control of foot-and-mouth disease. Report of special subcommittee to the Committee on Appropriations, United States Senate, on study of pernicious effect of foot-and-mouth disease as it exists in Mexico and elsewhere, progress of program to prevent entry of the disease into the United States, the most effective methods of combating and controlling the disease and the proper location for the authorized research facilities.

Kenneth S. Wherry, chairman of subcommittee.

An evaluation of the training program: "The Alzheimer's disease afflicted: understanding the disease and the resident" /

On cover: New horizons in long term care.

The Alzheimer disease afflicted : understanding the disease and the resident instructors guide and teaching materials /

On cover: New horizons in long term care.

Flora cestrica : an attempt to enumerate and describe the flowering and filicoid plants of Chester County, in the state of Pennsylvania : with brief notices of their properties, and uses, in medicine, domestic and rural economy, and the arts /

Bookplate of Herbert McLean Evans.

American medical botany, being a collection of the native medicinal plants of the United States, containing their botanical history and chemical analysis, and properties and uses in medicine, diet and the arts, with coloured engravings ...

Issued in 6 parts.

A new family herbal : or popular account of the natures and properties of the various plants used in medicine, diet and the arts /

Includes index.