Association of adiposity genetic variants with menarche timing in 92,105 women of European descent.

Obesity is of global health concern. There are well-described inverse relationships between female pubertal timing and obesity. Recent genome-wide association studies of age at menarche identified several obesity-related variants. Using data from the ReproGen Consortium, we employed meta-analytical techniques to estimate the associations of 95 a priori and recently identified obesity-related (body mass index (weight (kg)/height (m)(2)), waist circumference, and waist:hip ratio) single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with age at menarche in 92,116 women of European descent from 38 studies (1970-2010), in order to estimate associations between genetic variants associated with central or overall adiposity and pubertal timing in girls. Investigators in each study performed a separate analysis of associations between the selected SNPs and age at menarche (ages 9-17 years) using linear regression models and adjusting for birth year, site (as appropriate), and population stratification. Heterogeneity of effect-measure estimates was investigated using meta-regression. Six novel associations of body mass index loci with age at menarche were identified, and 11 adiposity loci previously reported to be associated with age at menarche were confirmed, but none of the central adiposity variants individually showed significant associations. These findings suggest complex genetic relationships between menarche and overall obesity, and to a lesser extent central obesity, in normal processes of growth and development.

Comprehensive Review of the Radiography Workforce (PDF 382 KB)

Report of the Project Group

National, regional, and global trends in fasting plasma glucose and diabetes prevalence since 1980: systematic analysis of health examination surveys and epidemiological studies with 370 country-years and 2·7 million participants.

BACKGROUND: Data for trends in glycaemia and diabetes prevalence are needed to understand the effects of diet and lifestyle within populations, assess the performance of interventions, and plan health services. No consistent and comparable global analysis of trends has been done. We estimated trends and their uncertainties in mean fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and diabetes prevalence for adults aged 25 years and older in 199 countries and territories. METHODS: We obtained data from health examination surveys and epidemiological studies (370 country-years and 2·7 million participants). We converted systematically between different glycaemic metrics. For each sex, we used a Bayesian hierarchical model to estimate mean FPG and its uncertainty by age, country, and year, accounting for whether a study was nationally, subnationally, or community representative. FINDINGS: In 2008, global age-standardised mean FPG was 5·50 mmol/L (95% uncertainty interval 5·37-5·63) for men and 5·42 mmol/L (5·29-5·54) for women, having risen by 0·07 mmol/L and 0·09 mmol/L per decade, respectively. Age-standardised adult diabetes prevalence was 9·8% (8·6-11·2) in men and 9·2% (8·0-10·5) in women in 2008, up from 8·3% (6·5-10·4) and 7·5% (5·8-9·6) in 1980. The number of people with diabetes increased from 153 (127-182) million in 1980, to 347 (314-382) million in 2008. We recorded almost no change in mean FPG in east and southeast Asia and central and eastern Europe. Oceania had the largest rise, and the highest mean FPG (6·09 mmol/L, 5·73-6·49 for men; 6·08 mmol/L, 5·72-6·46 for women) and diabetes prevalence (15·5%, 11·6-20·1 for men; and 15·9%, 12·1-20·5 for women) in 2008. Mean FPG and diabetes prevalence in 2008 were also high in south Asia, Latin America and the Caribbean, and central Asia, north Africa, and the Middle East. Mean FPG in 2008 was lowest in sub-Saharan Africa, east and southeast Asia, and high-income Asia-Pacific. In high-income subregions, western Europe had the smallest rise, 0·07 mmol/L per decade for men and 0·03 mmol/L per decade for women; North America had the largest rise, 0·18 mmol/L per decade for men and 0·14 mmol/L per decade for women. INTERPRETATION: Glycaemia and diabetes are rising globally, driven both by population growth and ageing and by increasing age-specific prevalences. Effective preventive interventions are needed, and health systems should prepare to detect and manage diabetes and its sequelae. FUNDING: Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation and WHO.

Derivaciones en los centros de salud de Andalucía según el sexo de profesionales y pacientes: un análisis de género.

BACKGROUND It has been identified differences of medical care practice in primary care related to physician's sex. Simultaneously, there are gender inequalities in the assignment of health resources. Both aspects give rise to an increasing growing interest in the management and provision of health services. OBJECTIVES To examine the differences in the referral practice made by female and male primary care physicians working in health centers in Andalusia, to consider whether there are disparities in referrals received by men and women, and to examine the interaction between patient's sex and physician's sex. METHODS Observational, cross-sectional, and multicenter study. POPULATION 4 health districts in Andalucía and their physicians. SAMPLE 382 physicians. MEASUREMENTS referral rate per visit (RV), referral rate per patient quota (RQ), patient's sex, physician: sex, age, postgraduate family medicine specialty, size of the patient quota by sex, mean number of patients/day by sex, mean age of the patient quota by sex, and proportion of men in the quota. Health center: urban / rural, size of the team, enrolled population, and postgraduate family medicine specialty's accreditation. SOURCES databases of health districts. PERIOD OF STUDY 2010. ANALYSIS Bivariate and multivariate multilevel analysis of the referral rate per visit with mixed Poisson model. RESULTS In 2010 382 physicians made 129,161 referrals to specialized care. The RQ was 23.47 and the RV was 4.92. The RQ in women and men was 27.23 and 19.78 for women physicians, being 27.37 and 19.51 for male physicians. The RV in women and men was 4.92 and 5.48 for women physicians, being 4.54 and 4.93 for male physicians. CONCLUSION There are no differences in referral according to physician's sex. However, there are signs that might indicate the existence of gender inequality, and women patient received less referrals. There are no physician-patient's sex interaction.

[ Phot. de la "demoiselle de Fontenaille", rocher du Calvados, don Gabriel Desclozières en 1880. Voir le Bulletin de la S.G., 6e s., 20 (1880), p. 92, et les ouvrages cotés D4/532 et 532 bis]

Donateur : Desclozières, Gabriel (18..-18..?)

Dor crônica e depressão: estudo em 92 doentes

O estudo objetivou analisar a existência de relações entre dor e depressão em noventa e dois doentes com doença oncológica avançada. Os doentes foram divididos em 2 grupos, com ou sem dor na semana anterior à entrevista. Havia dor em 62,0% dos avaliados, a duração média do quadro álgico foi 10 meses e a maioria referiu dor moderada. Os indivíduos do grupo com dor apresentaram escores de depressão significativamente mais altos que os do grupo sem dor (p<0,05). Doentes com mais altos escores de depressão experienciaram dor de maior intensidade (p<00,5). Sintomas depressivos associaram-se e agravaram a experiência dolorosa.

Post-axial polydactyly type A2, overgrowth and autistic traits associated with a chromosome 13q31.3 microduplication encompassing miR-17-92 and GPC5.

Genomic rearrangements at chromosome 13q31.3q32.1 have been associated with digital anomalies, dysmorphic features, and variable degree of mental disability. Microdeletions leading to haploinsufficiency of miR17∼92, a cluster of micro RNA genes closely linked to GPC5 in both mouse and human genomes, has recently been associated with digital anomalies in the Feingold like syndrome. Here, we report on a boy with familial dominant post-axial polydactyly (PAP) type A, overgrowth, significant facial dysmorphisms and autistic traits who carries the smallest germline microduplication known so far in that region. The microduplication encompasses the whole miR17∼92 cluster and the first 5 exons of GPC5. This report supports the newly recognized role of miR17∼92 gene dosage in digital developmental anomalies, and suggests a possible role of GPC5 in growth regulation and in cognitive development.

Localización, distribución y concentración de langostinos rojos de profundidad. Crucero BIC Humboldt 9607-08

El crucero "Localización, Concentración y Distribución de los Langostinos Rojos de Profundidad", se desarrolló entre el 18 de julio y el 06 de agosto de 1996, utilizando una red de arrastre tipo Gran ton, modelo 400/130. Se exploró el área comprendida entre Puerto Pizarro y Huarmey a profundidades entre 254 y 1 021 m. A partir de la información obtenida en el rastreo acústico, realizado en el área citada y del conocimiento de la existencia de dos biocenosis en la zona arquibentónica, una al norte y la otra al sur del Banco de Máncora, se determinó realizar el estudio sistemático y bioecológico del recurso objetivo, en el área comprendida entre 03°24' a 04°05'S y 81"00' a 81"25'W. • En esta área de evaluación, la captura estuvo constituida por peces (86,92%), crustáceos (8,04 %), moluscos (2,78%), equinodermos (1,20%), onidarios (1 ,00%), poríferos (0,03%), anélidos (0,03%), briozoarios (0,00 1%) y sipuncúlidos (0,004 %). Se registraron 38 especies de crustáceos, de los cuales 7 constituyeron los denominados langostinos de profundidad: ifeterocarpus vicarius, Haliporoides" diomedeae, Nematocarcinus agassizii, Heterocarpus hostilis, Psathyrocaris fragilis, Plesionika trispinus y Pasiphaea magna. Los más importantes langostinos rojos de profundidad se presentaron desde los 08° 18.20' S hasta los 03"32.11' S, principalmente al sur del Banco de Máncora, a profundidades entre 382 y 1 021 m. La densidad media (t/mn2) del total de langostinos rojos de profundidad, para el área de evaluación estuvo comprendida entre 0,0017 y 0,420 t/mn 2• Se determinó una profundización de los langostinos rojos fuera de su área habitual, asociado a un desplaza­miento de la mínima de oxígeno hacia mayores profundidades. Esto determinó poca disponibilidad de los principales langostinos rojos de profundidad. Se destaca la mayor frecuencia de la "gamba" Haliporoides diomedeae entre 0,2 a 1,6 ml/l de oxígeno disuelto, con sus mayores densidades entre 0,8 a 1,6 ml/l. El "camarón naylon" Heterocarpus vicarius, mostró las mayores concentraciones a menores tenores de oxígeno (0, 17 a 0,25 ml/1). Se establecieron relaciones biométricas de las principales especies de langostinos rojos de profundidad.

Bandelettes de momies inscrites du Livre des Morts. Egyptien 92

Contient : Fragment a ; Fragment b ; Fragment c

Friday Facts, March 11, 2011, Vol. 92

Bureau of Nutrition and Health Promotion part of the Iowa Department of Public Health produces of weekly newsletter about the Iowa WIC Program for the State of Iowa citizen.