903 resultados para 210 Philosophy


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This volume about religion and ethnicity in Mongolian societies is the outcome of an international seminar organized in Switzerland in 2009. Ten contributions explore the interplay of religion and ethnicity in the Mongolian and Buryat-Mongolian regions, covering four hundred years of Mongolian and Buryat history. Drawing on methods of diverse scholarly disciplines, including religious studies, Tibetan and Mongolian studies, social anthropology and history, the issues addressed include Mongolian identity formations in the light of the Tibeto-Mongolian interface in the 17th century, Buryat religious survival in the colonial setting of 18th and 19th century Russia, the interplay of religion and politics in Buryatia, a case study of the famous Imperishable Body of Khambo Lama Itigelov, an analysis of the religious politics of the Buryat Traditional Sangha in todays Republic of Buryatia, the role of Shamanism in the identity practices of Modern Buryatia, as well as the revival of traditional religions like Buddhism and Shamanism in Mongolia and the emergence of new religions, especially Christianity. Furthermore, two contributions provide in-depth analyses of the dominant theoretical approaches that inform Russian and Anglophone scholarship dealing with these questions.

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Lhistoire des religions ne saurait se passer dune rflexion pralable sur ses propres conditions dlaboration. Quest-ce quun savoir religieux , quest-ce quun savoir sur le religieux , en quoi et comment se distinguent-ils lun de lautre ? Ce livre est issu dune srie de recherches et denqutes portant sur des horizons historiques et culturels contrasts. Il montre comment un scribe msopotamien, un philosophe grec, un clerc bouddhiste, un gyptologue contemporain, un historien des religions, etc, laborent leurs savoirs, comment ces savoirs se transforment et se perptuent, quelles fonctions ils remplissent, qui les met en oeuvre, o et comment ils senracinent, pourquoi ils meurent.

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Jonathan Z. Smith est lun des plus remarquables historiens des religions de lre contemporaine. En pratiquant un comparatisme inattendu entre des religions trs diffrentes dans le temps et lespace, cet Amricain original a suscit de nouvelles manires de comprendre les mythes et les rites. A ses yeux, la religion sert dcrire des relations que des hommes entretiennent avec des acteurs surhumains dont la culture postule lexistence. En ce sens, il nexiste pas de religion pure et originelle, mais des socits qui reprennent leurs comptes des reprsentations de mythes qui elles-mmes en relisent de plus anciennes. Avec cet ouvrage qui reprend six articles majeurs crits entre 1974 et 2004, le public franais a enfin accs direct Jonathan Z. Smith sur des points dcisifs de sa pense. Un entretien biographique passionnant les ponctue, dans lequel lauteur voque notamment le pass et lavenir de sa discipline.

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Against the background of an unexpected upswing in pilgrimages, this article states the thesis that pilgrimage enables a strengthening of ones identity. In addition, the problem of a fragmented and indefinite identity is sketched, with reference to Zygmunt Bauman. In contrast stands a model of identity (connected with Albrecht Grzinger) in which one contributes to a tradition in which one already is situated. In its main part, the article investigates the various factors of pilgrimage that contribute to this process of gaining ones identity. Thus, a route frequented as much as theWay of St. James forms an already patterned space that offers the pilgrim traditioned roles to adopt. Walking, as a characteristic element of pilgrimage, is interpreted as physically generating and distinctively opening the space in which pilgrims understand themselves in the world. It also can be shown how walking as a form of physical being that leads from an instrumental relationship to ones body to an immediate being in living ones life, conveys certainty about ones self and the world, activates ones potential to overcome challenges, and provides self-empowerment. The author makes a strong case for a definition of pilgrimage oriented to an understanding of the hardship of crossing a foreign land, which is an image of a goal-oriented understanding of existence. The resulting poles of self-assurance and self-estrangement in pilgrimage are, in connection with Wilhelm Grb, interpreted as an expression of a truly known but at the same time distanced self-understanding. Pilgrimage is therefore a form of physical self-interpretation in which people learn to view and be aware of their self-familiarity. Finally, against the background of this representation, criteria are elaborated for organizing a pilgrimage journey that is conducive to identity.

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In den letzten drei Jahrzehnten ist das Interesse an einer historischen Verortung und Aufarbeitung der Entstehung neuzeitlicher Religionsverstndnisse stetig gewachsen. Erst 2011 hat Michael Bergunder in der ZfR die Forderung nach einer konsequenten Historisierung von Religion erneuert. Die Umsetzung eines solchen Programms orientiert sich bis heute stark an elitren, akademischen, intellektuellen Quellen, die in eine direkte Genealogie mit der im 19. Jahrhundert entstehenden Religionswissenschaft zu bringen sind. Mit der Forderung nach der Historisierung von Alltagsverstndnissen von Religion muss diese Perspektive jedoch erweitert werden, um auch nicht-elitre Diskursstrnge erfassen zu knnen. Zudem ist eine strkere und konkretere historische Verortung der Diskursbeitrge anzustreben. Der Beitrag mchte zu einem solchen Programm einen Beitrag leisten, indem er die im April 1799 im Dorf Schwarzenbach bei Luzern gehaltene Predigt des katholischen Vikars Andreas Estermann zum Ausgangspunkt nimmt, die unter dem programmatischen Titel Was ist Religion? stand. An ihr lsst sich zeigen, wie stark in diesem Fall die konkrete Ausformung des Religionsverstndnisses von den Kontextfaktoren der Franzsischen Revolution, ihrer Umsetzung in der Helvetik, der lokalen Unruhen und Skularisationen abhngig ist. Zudem kann gezeigt werden, wie Elemente eines oft im spten 19. Jahrhundert verorteten protestantischen Religionsbegriffs bereits im spten 18. Jahrhundert in einem katholischen Kontext angelegt sind. Der Artikel stellt damit einige gngige Grundannahmen zur Geschichte moderner Religionsverstndnisse in Frage.