Melhoria da Atenção à Saúde dos Usuários com Hipertensão Arterial Sistêmica e/ou Diabetes Mellitus, na Ubsf Nº 51, no Município de Manaus/AM

Resumo VERDECIA Leodan Alarcón. Melhoria da atenção à saúde dos usuários com Hipertensão Arterial Sistêmica e/ou Diabetes Mellitus, na UBSF nº51, no município de Manaus/AM. 2016. 110f. Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso (Curso de Especialização em Saúde da Família) - Departamento de Medicina Social, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, 2016. O trabalho de conclusão de curso mostra a intervenção realizada pela equipe de saúde da família na UBSF nº 51, no bairro Parque das Garças, no distrito norte, em Manaus/AM. O mesmo foi realizado ante a necessidade de melhoras no atendimento e acompanhamento de nossos pacientes portadores de Hipertensão e/ou Diabetes Mellitus, já que após da análise do preenchimento do caderno de Ações Programáticas observamos que tínhamos muitas deficiências em relação aos mesmos, sendo notável a relevância que em nossos dias têm estas duas doenças mundialmente distribuídas, sendo reconhecido pela OMS, como as primeiras causas de morbimortalidade, com grão peso no índice de hospitalizações e no Brasil o Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) apresenta situação similar, (Brasil, 2013). O objetivo da atuação foi melhorar a atenção à saúde das pessoas com hipertensão arterial sistêmica e/ou diabetes mellitus da área de abrangência, além de aumentar a cobertura, melhorar a qualidade da atenção a estes usuários, o registro de informações, melhorar a adesão, mapear as pessoas com hipertensão e diabetes de risco para doença cardiovascular e promover ações de educação em saúde. A intervenção foi desenvolvida no período de 12 semanas, entre os meses de novembro de 2015 e janeiro de 2016. Teve como guias os cadernos de Atenção Básica para Hipertensão Arterial Sistêmica (HAS) e Diabetes Mellitus (DM) elaborados pelo Ministério da Saúde no ano 2013. Para os registros utilizou-se as fichas espelho e a planilha de coleta de dados, disponibilizados pelo curso de especialização. Foi possível reorganizar as atribuições dos integrantes da equipe na atenção aos usuários com hipertensão e diabetes. Para abordagem dos usuários foram realizados o cadastramento e a estratificação de risco cardiovascular, com agendamento de consultas conforme prioridade. Ao término da intervenção foram atendidos 206 usuários com hipertensão (atingindo 35,2%) e 69 com diabetes (alcançando 47,9%). As ações desenvolvidas durante a intervenção foram pautadas nos eixos pedagógicos do curso, e implementadas com o fim de aumentar a cobertura do programa e manter as metas de qualidade no atendimento. A intervenção possibilitou a formação de um vínculo maior com a comunidade e melhoria da qualidade e acessibilidade ao serviço de saúde. Neste período de tempo não atingimos a meta de cobertura proposta, mas conclui-se que há ainda necessidade de melhorias no serviço e maior envolvimento e comprometimento da equipe, gestão e usuários, promovendo a incorporação e continuidade da intervenção no serviço. Palavras-chave: Atenção Primária à Saúde; Saúde da Família; Doença Crônica, Hipertensão Arterial, Diabetes Mellitus.

Mapeamento de semeaduras de soja (Glycine max (L.)Merr.) mediante dados MODIS/Terra E TM/Landsat 5: um comparativo

The objective of this work was to compare the soybean crop mapping in the western of Parana State by MODIS/Terra and TM/Landsat 5 images. Firstly, it was generated a soybean crop mask using six TM images covering the crop season, which was used as a reference. The images were submitted to Parallelepiped and Maximum Likelihood digital classification algorithms, followed by visual inspection. Four MODIS images, covering the vegetative peak, were classified using the Parallelepiped method. The quality assessment of MODIS and TM classification was carried out through an Error Matrix, considering 100 sample points between soybean or not soybean, randomly allocated in each of the eight municipalities within the study area. The results showed that both the Overall Classification (OC) and the Kappa Index (KI) have produced values ranging from 0.55 to 0.80, considered good to very good performances, either in TM or MODIS images. When OC and KI, from both sensors were compared, it wasn't found no statistical difference between them. The soybean mapping, using MODIS, has produced 70% of reliance in terms of users. The main conclusion is that the mapping of soybean by MODIS is feasible, with the advantage to have better temporal resolution than Landsat, and to be available on the internet, free of charge.

Características espectrais da soja ao longo do ciclo vegetativo com imagens landsat 5/TM em área agrícola no oeste do Paraná

The objective of this study was to analyze changes in the spectral behavior of the soybean crop through spectral profiles of the vegetation indexes NDVI and GVI, expressed by different physical values such as apparent bi-directional reflectance factor (BRF), surface BRF, and normalized BRF derived from images of the Landsat 5/TM. A soybean area located in Cascavel, Paraná, was monitored by using five images of Landsat 5/TM during the 2004/2005 harvesting season. The images were submitted to radiometric transformation, atmospheric correction and normalization, determining physical values of apparent BRF, surface BRF and normalized BRF. NDVI and GVI images were generated in order to distinguish the soybean biomass spectral response. The treatments showed different results for apparent, surface and normalized BRF. Through the profiles of average NDVI and GVI, it was possible to monitor the entire soybean cycle, characterizing its development. It was also observed that the data from normalized BRF negatively affected the spectral curve of soybean crop, mainly, during the phase of vegetative growth, in the 12-9-2004 image.

Hidrocarbonetos aromáticos policíclicos em margarina, creme vegetal e maionese

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are a group of compounds that have been the subject of much concern due to their toxic potential. In this study, margarine?s, vegetable cream and mayonnaise available on the Brazilian market were analyzed for pyrene, chrysene, benzo(a)pyrene, benzo(b)fluoranthene and dibenzo(a,h)anthracene. The analytical methodology involved liquid-liquid extraction, clean-up on silica gel column and determination by high performance liquid chromatography using fluorescence detector. Variable levels of contamination were found within differents brands of the same product and within differents batches of the same brand. The total PAH content was in the range of 4.1 to 7.1mug/kg in vegetable cream, 1.7 to 3.9mug/kg in margarine and 1.0 to 21.7mug/kg in mayonnaise. In general the products which according to the label contain corn oil showed the highest levels of contamination. Based on these results and on the importance of fat, oils and derived products for the intake of PAHs, it is recommended that producers of margarine, vegetable creams and mayonnaise start to control the contamination of the vegetable oils used in the elaboration of these products, in order to reduce the exposure of consumers to excessive amounts of potentially carcinogenic compounds.

Meningites bacterianas agudas complicações vasculares: vascular complications

The authors present the study of four children with arteritis as vascular complication of acute bacterial meningitis. They report pathophysiological mechanisms involved in vascular lesions, and progress in the understanding of these complications.

Behaviors and hygiene habits of complete denture wearers

In this study, a questionnaire was applied to patients from Ribeirão Preto Dental School, University of São Paulo, Brazil, to evaluate the hygiene methods and habits concerning the use of complete dentures, the age of dentures, and whether patients have been instructed on how to clean their dentures. The mean age of patients was 63.35 years, and most of them were females (82.08%). The results showed that 62.26% of the respondents had been using the same maxillary complete denture for more than 5 years, and 49.06% used the same mandible complete denture for more than 5 years. Of the patients interviewed, 58.49% slept with the dentures. Mechanical brushing was the most used cleaning method by the patients (100%), using water, dentifrice and toothbrush (84.91%). Most patients (51.89%) reported never having been instructed by their dentists as to how to clean their dentures. Based on the limitations of this study, it was concluded that the patients interviewed had limited knowledge about prosthetic hygiene and oral care. The method more used by patients was the mechanical method of brushing, most patients used the same complete dentures for more than 5 years and slept with the dentures.