Avaliação do desempenho anaeróbio de atletas de rugby em cadeira de rodas = : Anaerobic performance evaluation of wheelchair rugby athletes

Universidade Estadual de Campinas . Faculdade de Educação Física

Behaviors and hygiene habits of complete denture wearers

In this study, a questionnaire was applied to patients from Ribeirão Preto Dental School, University of São Paulo, Brazil, to evaluate the hygiene methods and habits concerning the use of complete dentures, the age of dentures, and whether patients have been instructed on how to clean their dentures. The mean age of patients was 63.35 years, and most of them were females (82.08%). The results showed that 62.26% of the respondents had been using the same maxillary complete denture for more than 5 years, and 49.06% used the same mandible complete denture for more than 5 years. Of the patients interviewed, 58.49% slept with the dentures. Mechanical brushing was the most used cleaning method by the patients (100%), using water, dentifrice and toothbrush (84.91%). Most patients (51.89%) reported never having been instructed by their dentists as to how to clean their dentures. Based on the limitations of this study, it was concluded that the patients interviewed had limited knowledge about prosthetic hygiene and oral care. The method more used by patients was the mechanical method of brushing, most patients used the same complete dentures for more than 5 years and slept with the dentures.

Variabilidade amostral das séries mensais de precipitação pluvial em duas regiões do Brasil: Pelotas-RS e Campinas-SP

O presente trabalho avaliou a variabilidade amostral dos parâmetros da distribuição gama, relativos a séries mensais de precipitação pluvial, nas regiões de Campinas-SP e Pelotas-RS, que têm dados para os períodos de 1890-2006 e 1890-2005, respectivamente. Assim, os espaços amostrais considerados foram de 58, 39 e 29 anos para Campinas e 58 e 29 anos para Pelotas. As análises foram feitas usando o teste da razão da máxima verossimilhança. Os resultados apontaram significativas alterações amostrais. Não houve indicações de tendências contínuas (redução ou aumento) no regime mensal de precipitação pluvial na região de Campinas-SP. Em contrapartida, esse teste indicou, para a localidade de Pelotas-RS, tendência de elevação no regime desse elemento meteorológico ocorrida entre as amostras relativas aos anos de 1948 a 1976 e 1977 a 2005.

Níveis de fósforo disponível e tamanho de partícula do fosfato bicálcico na dieta de poedeiras comerciais de 24 a 58 semanas de idade

Um experimento foi conduzido para verificar o efeito de níveis de fósforo e do tamanho de partícula do fosfato bicálcico na dieta de poedeiras comerciais na fase de produção. Utilizou-se um delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial 2 × 3 com dois tamanhos de partícula do fosfato (fino e granulado) e três níveis de fósforo disponível (0,28; 0,38 e 0,48%), totalizando seis tratamentos, cada um com cinco repetições de oito aves. As dietas experimentais foram isoproteicas, isocalóricas e isocálcicas. O consumo de ração, a produção de ovos, a massa de ovos, a conversão alimentar, a porcentagem de casca, a gravidade específica e os teores de cinzas, cálcio, fósforo e magnésio nos ossos não foram afetados pelas dietas. Dietas contendo fosfato bicálcico (fino ou granulado) e 0,28% de fósforo disponível atendem às exigências de fósforo de galinhas poedeiras semipesadas de 24 a 58 semanas de idade.

Situação de mendicância, trabalho precoce e prostituição infantil envolvendo crianças e adolescentes em Londrina, Estado do Paraná - 2006

Nas últimas décadas, a importância da infância e adolescência e a necessidade de proteção deste grupo têm mobilizado sociedades no sentido de notificarem aos órgãos competentes situações de risco em que figuram crianças e adolescentes. A pesquisa, de natureza descritiva, objetivou estudar as circunstâncias da mendicância, trabalho e prostituição infantil envolvendo menores de 15 anos residentes em Londrina, Estado do Paraná, notificadas aos Conselhos Tutelares, em 2006. Os dados foram coletados nos prontuários dos Conselhos Tutelares, utilizando-se formulário com questões fechadas, e analisados pelo programa Epi Info. Foram estudados 27 casos, 55,6 por cento de meninas e 44,4 por cento de meninos, com idades de 11 anos para os meninos (33,3 por cento) e oito anos para as meninas (26,7 por cento). Os principais agressores foram a mãe (37,0 por cento) e o pai (37,0 por cento), com idade predominante de 30 a 34 anos para os homens (58,3 por cento) e de 20 a 24 para as mulheres (40,0 por cento). Entre os meninos, destacou-se trabalho infantil (58,3 por cento) e mendicância (41,7 por cento). Entre as meninas, mendicância (53,3 por cento), prostituição (33,3 por cento) e trabalho infantil (13,3 por cento). É preciso ressaltar a necessidade de que a sociedade como um todo combata esses tipos de violência tão desastrosos para a criança e o adolescente. Deve ser prioritária a participação de todos os segmentos sociais, instâncias executivas e legislativas a fim de formular, acompanhar e avaliar políticas voltadas para a redução do trabalho infantil, da problemática das crianças de rua e, principalmente, da exploração sexual de crianças e adolescentes

Frequency upconversion luminescence from Yb(+3)-Tm(+3) codoped PbO-GeO(2) glasses containing silver nanoparticles

Infrared-to-visible and infrared-to-infrared frequency upconversion processes in Yb(3+)-Tm(3+) doped PbO-GeO(2) glasses containing silver nanoparticles (NPs) were investigated. The experiments were performed by exciting the samples with a diode laser operating at 980 nm (in resonance with the Yb(3+) transition (2)F(7/2)->(2)F(5/2)) and observing the photoluminescence (PL) in the visible and infrared regions due to energy transfer from Yb(3+) to Tm(3+) ions followed by excited state absorption in the Tm3+ ions. The intensified local field in the vicinity of the metallic NPs contributes for enhancement in the PL intensity at 480 nm (Tm(3+) :(1)G(4)->(3)H(6)) and at 800 nm (Tm(3+) : (3)H(4) -> (3)H(6)). (C) 2009 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3211300]

Near-Barrier Fusion of the (8)B+(58)Ni Proton-Halo System

Fusion cross sections were measured for the exotic proton-halo nucleus (8)B incident on a (58)Ni target at several energies near the Coulomb barrier. This is the first experiment to report on the fusion of a protonhalo nucleus. The resulting excitation function shows a striking enhancement with respect to expectations for normal projectiles. Evidence is presented that the sum of the fusion and breakup yields saturates the total reaction cross section.

Reaction cross sections for (8)B, (7)Be, and (6)Li+(58)Ni near the Coulomb barrier: Proton-halo effects

Elastic scattering of (8)B, (7)Be, and (6)Li on a (58)Ni target has been measured at energies near the Coulomb barrier. Optical-model fits were made to the experimental angular distributions, and total reaction cross sections were deduced. A comparison with other systems provides striking evidence for proton-halo effects on (8)B reactions. As opposed to the situation for the neutron-halo nucleus (6)He, for which particle transfer dominates, the ""extra"" cross section observed for (8)B appears to result entirely from projectile breakup.

Reconstruction of core and surface nanoparticles: The example of Pt(55) and Au(55)

Cuboctahedron (CUB) and icosahedron (ICO) model structures are widely used in the study of transition-metal (TM) nanoparticles (NPs), however, it might not provide a reliable description for small TM NPs such as the Pt(55) and Au(55) systems in gas phase. In this work, we combined density-functional theory calculations with atomic configurations generated by the basin hopping Monte Carlo algorithm within the empirical Sutton-Chen embedded atom potential. We identified alternative lower energy configurations compared with the ICO and CUB model structures, e. g., our lowest energy structures are 5.22 eV (Pt(55)) and 2.01 eV (Au(55)) lower than ICO. The energy gain is obtained by the Pt and Au diffusion from the ICO core region to the NP surface, which is driven by surface compression (only 12 atoms) on the ICO core region. Therefore, in the lowest energy configurations, the core size reduces from 13 atoms (ICO, CUB) to about 9 atoms while the NP surface increases from 42 atoms (ICO, CUB) to about 46 atoms. The present mechanism can provide an improved atom-level understanding of small TM NPs reconstructions.

COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THE SENSITIVITY OF DIABETIC LOWER EXTREMITIES WITH AND WITHOUT ULCERS USING THE PSSD (TM)

Introduction To determine and compare thresholds of cutaneous sensitivity of lower extremities in diabetic patients with an ulcer on only one lower extremity Methods and Materials The study group included 20 patients with mean age of 61 6 and average time with diabetes of 12 4 years All patients were previously tested using Semmes-Weinstein monofilament 5 07 Sensitivity was evaluated using the two point discrimination test and the PSSD (TM) (Pressure-Specified Sensory Device) in order to assess touch thresholds in a quantitative manner, in g/mm(2) Three skin areas were tested hallux pulp, dorsum of foot and medial heel, including four tests 1 point static, 1 point moving, 2 points static and 2 points moving Results Mean 2 point discrimination distance in mm was higher in feet with ulcers, but the difference between extremities was only statistically significant for the hallux. With the PSSD (TM), all patients had higher pressure thresholds in feet with ulcers when compared with feet without ulcers, in all tests, with statistical significance Conclusion The PSSD (TM) was able to differentiate levels of sensation between extremities with and without ulcers in diabetic patients, with statistical significance

Influence of the heat treatment on the nucleation of silver nanoparticles in Tm(3+) doped PbO-GeO(2) glasses

Nucleation of silver nanoparticles (NPs) in Tm(3+) doped PbO-GeO(2) (PGO) glass is reported. The influence of the heat treatment on the nucleation of silver NPs is studied by means of transmission electron microscopy and optical spectroscopy. Two heat treatment procedures were applied in order to compare their performance. Observation of infrared-to-visible frequency upconversion (UC) luminescence of Tm(3+) ions is reported and correlated with the heat-treatment procedure. Enhancement of the UC emission for samples heat treated during various time intervals is attributed to the increased local field in the vicinity of the NPs. Quenching of the UC signal was also observed and correlated with the growth of NPs amount and size.

Reverse Microemulsion Synthesis, Structure, and Luminescence of Nanosized REPO(4):Ln(3+) (RE = La, Y, Gd, or Yb, and Ln = Eu, Tm, or Er)

A surfactant-mediated solution route for the obtainment of nanosized rare-earth orthophosphates of different compositions (LaPO(4):Eu(3+), (Y,Gd)PO(4):Eu(3+),LaPO(4):Tm(3+), YPO(4):Tm(3+), and YbPO(4):Er(3+)) is presented, and the implications of the morphology control on the solids properties are discussed. The solids are prepared in water-in-heptane microemulsions, using cetyltrimethylammonium bromide and 1-butanol as the surfactant and cosurfactant; the alteration of the starting microemulsion composition allows the obtainment of similar to 30 nm thick nanorods with variable length. The morphology and the structure of the solids were evaluated through scanning electron microscopy and through powder X-ray diffractometry; dynamic light scattering and thermal analyses were also performed. The obtained materials were also characterized through vibrational (FTIR) and luminescence spectroscopy (emission/excitation, luminescence lifetimes, chromaticity, and quantum efficiency), where the red, blue, and upconversion emissions of the prepared phosphors were evaluated.

Mapping changes in coastline geomorphic features using Landsat TM and ETM+ imagery: examples in southeastern Brazil

Multitemporal Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) and Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+) imagery was used to assess coastline morphological changes in southeastern Brazil. A spectral linear mixing approach (SLMA) was used to estimate fraction imagery representing amounts of vegetation, clean water (a proxy for shade) and soil. Fraction abundances were related to erosive and depositional features. Shoreline, sandy banks (including emerged and submerged banks) and sand spits were highlighted mainly by clean water and soil fraction imagery. To evaluate changes in the coastline geomorphic features, the fraction imagery generated for each data set was classified in a contextual approach using a segmentation technique and ISOSEG, an unsupervised classification. Evaluation of the classifications was performed visually and by an error matrix relating ground-truth data to classification results. Comparison of the classification results revealed an intense transformation in the coastline, and that erosive and depositional features are extremely dynamic and subject to change in short periods of time.