DIVINDADES MLK E CULTO A MOLEK NOS QUADROS DA CRISE RELIGIOSA NO FINAL DA MONARQUIA DE JUDÁ (2 Reis 16,3; 17,17.31; 21,6; 23,10; KTU 1.100; 1.118; 1.161)

A dissertação é dirigida a um especial e não resolvido problema na descrição do desenvolvimento religioso de Israel. Em textos do Antigo Testamento acerca do sacrifício de humanos, há uma unidades literárias autônomas relacionadas ao culto a mOlek. Porém, alguns pesquisadores sustentam que o culto a mOlek não tem esta característica. A dissertação aspira a investigar este argumento, concentrando-se em fontes históricas (2Reis 16,3; 17,17.31; 21,6; 23,10). Discutindo fontes ugaríticas duas listas de divindades e um texto funerário nós perguntares acerca das características das divindades mLlK nas culturas cananéias. Em síntese, mOlek é uma divindade ctônica mas não é destinatária de sacrifícios humanos.(AU)

DIVINDADES MLK E CULTO A MOLEK NOS QUADROS DA CRISE RELIGIOSA NO FINAL DA MONARQUIA DE JUDÁ (2 Reis 16,3; 17,17.31; 21,6; 23,10; KTU 1.100; 1.118; 1.161)

A dissertação é dirigida a um especial e não resolvido problema na descrição do desenvolvimento religioso de Israel. Em textos do Antigo Testamento acerca do sacrifício de humanos, há uma unidades literárias autônomas relacionadas ao culto a mOlek. Porém, alguns pesquisadores sustentam que o culto a mOlek não tem esta característica. A dissertação aspira a investigar este argumento, concentrando-se em fontes históricas (2Reis 16,3; 17,17.31; 21,6; 23,10). Discutindo fontes ugaríticas duas listas de divindades e um texto funerário nós perguntares acerca das características das divindades mLlK nas culturas cananéias. Em síntese, mOlek é uma divindade ctônica mas não é destinatária de sacrifícios humanos.(AU)

Réglementation des technologies de l'information au Québec : la philosophie du projet de loi 161 en regard du droit canadien

Échange automatisé de messages préprogrammés, communication par courrier électronique, gestion électronique de documents (GED), Data warehouse, EDI… Le monde des affaires vibre depuis quelques années au rythme des nouvelles technologies de l’information. Le droit commercial lui, a du mal à emboîter le pas. Pourtant, les problèmes juridiques soulevés par ce règne de l’immatériel sont majeurs et les incertitudes, grandissantes. La mobilité accrue que permettent ces techniques modernes de transmission et de gestion des informations suggère une solution concertée, qui plus est, tiendra compte de l’évolution hâtée dans ce domaine. Le fondement en a été donné à travers la Loi type des Nations unies sur le commerce électronique en 1996. Plusieurs législations l’ont choisi comme modèle. La législation canadienne est de celles-ci, avec notamment sa Loi uniforme sur le commerce électronique adoptée par la Conférence pour l’harmonisation des lois au Canada en 1999. La législation québécoise aussi a suivi le mouvement. Le 16 juin 2000, un avant-projet de loi portant sur la normalisation juridique des technologies de l’information fut déposé devant l’Assemblée nationale. Cet avant-projet de loi est devenu projet de loi 161, Loi concernant le cadre juridique des technologies de l’information. Mais au-delà des apparences, le législateur québécois semble s’être écarté de la philosophie qui a influencé la Loi type et, conséquemment, la Loi uniforme. Si cette remarque est vérifiée, il faudra craindre l’isolement du Québec et, par ricochet, un positionnement peu concurrentiel dans le commerce international.

miR-15a and 16-1 Are Downregulated in CD4(+) T Cells of Multiple Sclerosis Relapsing Patients

The pathology of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RR-MS) is largely attributed to activated autoreactive effector T lymphocytes. The influence of microRNAs on the immune response has been shown to occur in different pathways of lymphocyte differentiation and function. Here, the expression of the miRNAs miR-15a/161 in PBMC, CD4(+), and CD8(+) from RR-MS patients has been investigated. BCL2, a known miR-15a/16-1 target, has also been analyzed. The results have shown that miR-15a/16-1 is downregulated in CD4(+) T cells, whereas BCL2 is highly expressed in RR-MS patients only. Our data suggest that miR-15a/16-1 can also modulate the BCL2 gene expression in CD4(+) T cells from RR-MS patients, thereby affecting apoptosis processes.

Incidence, predictive factors, and prognosis of chondrosarcoma in patients with Ollier disease and Maffucci syndrome: an international multicenter study of 161 patients

Enchondromatosis is characterized by the presence of multiple benign cartilage lesions in bone. While Ollier disease is typified by multiple enchondromas, in Maffucci syndrome these are associated with hemangiomas. Studies evaluating the predictive value of clinical symptoms for development of secondary chondrosarcoma and prognosis are lacking. This multi-institute study evaluates the clinical characteristics of patients, to get better insight on behavior and prognosis of these diseases.

Mineralogy, geochemistry and selected chemical formulas of sediments from ODP Holes 161-986B and 161-977A

Upper Miocene to Pleistocene hemipelagites and resedimented facies recovered at Holes 976B and 977A (Leg 161) in the Alboran Basin consist mainly of biogenic and detrital components, with a minor contribution of neoformed mineral phases. Diagenetic processes have not obliterated the primary deposition signal, and therefore detrital components (quartz, feldspar, detrital dolomite, rock fragments, and clays) provide information about source rocks and provenances. No major bulk or clay mineralogy differences were recognized between resedimented and hemipelagic facies; in fact, similar mineral assemblages in both types of facies suggest common source rocks. However, mineral abundance fluctuations can be related to climate variations and tectonic factors, as the main controls of sediment fill of this basin. A marked increase in smectites in Messinian sediments suggests an extensive development of soils during that time, probably favored by the alternation of wet and dry climate episodes and the relative aridification of the Mediterranean borderlands. A notable increase in detrital components suggests a sea-level fall and/or tectonic uplift during the late Pliocene. The significant increase in detrital dolomite in the uppermost Pliocene deposits suggests the uplift of dolomite-rich rocks as source areas. Mineral components in Pleistocene sediments indicate increasing tectonic stability, and clay-mineral fluctuations during the Pleistocene can be related not only to tectonic events, but also to alternating cooling and warming periods.

Geochemistry and Hg isotopic composition of mid-Pleistocene sapropel of ODP Hole 161-974C

The concentrations of mercury (Hg) and other trace metals (Ni, Cu, Zn, Mo, Ba, Re, U) and the Hg isotopic composition were examined across a dramatic redox and productivity transition in a mid-Pleistocene Mediterranean Sea sapropel sequence. Characteristic trace metal enrichment in organic-rich layers was observed, with organic-rich sapropel layers ranging in Hg concentration from 314 to 488 ng/g (avg = 385), with an average enrichment in Hg by a factor of 5.9 compared to organic-poor background sediments, which range from 39 to 94 ng/g Hg (avg = 66). Comparison of seawater concentrations and sapropel accumulations of trace metals suggests that organic matter quantitatively delivers Hg to the seafloor. Near complete scavenging of Hg from the water column renders the sapropel Hg isotopic composition representative of mid-Pleistocene Mediterranean seawater. Sapropels have an average d202Hg value of -0.91 per mil ± 0.15 per mil (n = 5, 1 SD) and D199Hg value of 0.11 per mil ± 0.03 per mil (n = 5, 1 SD). Background sediments have an average d202Hg of -0.76 per mil ± 0.16 per mil (n = 5, 1 SD) and D199Hg of 0.05 per mil ± 0.01 per mil (n = 5, 1 SD), which is indistinguishable from the sapropel values. We suggest that the sapropel isotopic composition is most representative of the mid-Pleistocene Tyrrhenian Sea.

Petrographic description and mineral composition of ODP Site 161-975 sediments

Ocean Drilling Program Site 975 is located near the base of the Menorca Rise in the South Balearic Basin of the western Mediterranean Sea. Coring at this site penetrated the Pliocene/Miocene boundary and recovered a sequence of sediments that represent the final stages of salt deposition and the transition from evaporitic to open marine conditions at the end of the Miocene (Messinian). Detailed petrographic observations and bulk mineralogical analyses by X-ray diffraction form the basis for preliminary interpretations of depositional environments for this section. Gypsum is thought to have been deposited in an evaporating basin below wave base. Cycles consisting of a clay layer overlain by gypsiferous chalk, laminated gypsum, and finally pinch-and-swell gypsum suggest upsection increases in salinity. The gypsum section is overlain by two exotic sand layers thought to mark events of fresher water (marine or meteoric) inflow to the basin. Gypsum deposition terminated and was replaced by inorganic precipitation of micritic calcite with periodic, variable dilution by fine-grained terrigenous sediment. The micritic sediments have fine, slightly wavy, laminations indicating either an algal/microbial mat origin, or varve-like fluctuations in deposition, perhaps in a deep basin. The Pliocene/Miocene boundary falls within an interval of banded micritic silty clays that reflect the final environmental fluctuations during the transition to the open marine conditions of the Pliocene.