Identification of a quasiparticle band in very neutron-rich Zr-104

The high spin levels of a very neutron-rich Zr-104 nucleus have been reinvestigated by measuring the prompt. rays in the spontaneous fission of Cf-252. The ground-state band has been confirmed. A new sideband has been identified with a band-head energy at 1928.7 keV. The projected shell model is employed to investigate the band structure of Zr-104. The results of calculated levels are in good agreement with the experimental data, and suggest that the new band in Zr-104 may be based on the neutron nu 5/2(-)[532] circle times nu 3/2(+)[411] configuration.

Intrusion Detection System for IEC 60870-5-104 Based SCADA Networks

Increased complexity and interconnectivity of Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) systems in Smart Grids potentially means greater susceptibility to malicious attackers. SCADA systems with legacy communication infrastructure have inherent cyber-security vulnerabilities as these systems were originally designed with little consideration of cyber threats. In order to improve cyber-security of SCADA networks, this paper presents a rule-based Intrusion Detection System (IDS) using a Deep Packet Inspection (DPI) method, which includes signature-based and model-based approaches tailored for SCADA systems. The proposed signature-based rules can accurately detect several known suspicious or malicious attacks. In addition, model-based detection is proposed as a complementary method to detect unknown attacks. Finally, proposed intrusion detection approaches for SCADA networks are implemented and verified via Snort rules.

Towards Understanding Man-In-The-Middle Attacks on IEC 60870-5-104 SCADA Networks

This paper investigates cyber attacks on ICS which rely on IEC 60870-5-104 for telecontrol communications. The main focus of the paper is on man-in-the-middle attacks, covering modification and injection of commands, it also details capture and replay attacks. An initial set of attacks are preformed on a local software simulated laboratory. Final experiments and validation of a man-in-the-middle attack are performed in a comprehensive testbed environment in conjunction with an electricity distribution operator.

Stateful Intrusion Detection for IEC 60870-5-104 SCADA Security

Cyber threats in Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) systems have the potential to render physical damage and jeopardize power system operation, safety and stability. SCADA systems were originally designed with little consideration of escalating cyber threats and hence the problem of how to develop robust intrusion detection technologies to tailor the requirements of SCADA is an emerging topic and a big challenge. This paper proposes a stateful Intrusion Detection System (IDS) using a Deep Packet Inspection (DPI) method to improve the cyber-security of SCADA systems using the IEC 60870-5-104 protocol which is tailored for basic telecontrol communications. The proposed stateful protocol analysis approach is presented that is designed specifically for the IEC 60870-5-104 protocol. Finally, the novel intrusion detection approach are implemented and validated.

Sistemas de supervisão e controlo de autómatos: soluções baseadas em OPC E IEC 60870-5-104

Atualmente, no segmento metro-ferroviário, há uma tendência para que todos os equipamentos que constituem os sistemas auxiliares de uma estação (escadas mecânicas, elevadores, bloqueadores, validadores de bilhética, ventiladores, bombas, entre outros) sejam dotados de inteligência. Tipicamente, um conjunto de equipamentos são ligados a um autómato que permite o controlo local e remoto e é vulgar que, sendo de fabricantes diferentes, suportem tecnologias distintas. Um sistema de supervisão que permita o acesso à informação disponibilizada por cada um dos autómatos, ou à atuação sobre um deles, terá por isso que implementar e suportar diversos protocolos de comunicação de forma a não ficar limitado a um tipo de tecnologia. De forma a diminuir os custos de desenvolvimento e operação de um sistema de supervisão e controlo e facilitar a integração de novos equipamentos, com diferentes características, têm sido procuradas soluções que garantam uma mais fácil comunicação entre os diversos módulos intervenientes. Nesta dissertação são implementadas soluções baseadas em clientes OPC-DA e OPC-AE e no protocolo IEC 60870-5-104, permitindo que os sistemas de supervisão e de controlo comuniquem com os equipamentos através destes três módulos. Os principais aspectos inovadores estão associados à implementação de uma arquitetura multiprotocolo usando as novas tendências de supervisão e controlo baseadas em soluções distribuídas.

The War, 14 June 1814 (vol. 2, no. 52, whole no. 104) - Newspaper

Volumes of interest were published between 1812 and 1815 with articles about the War of 1812.

Análisis del efecto antiviral de Waltheria americana L (Standley y Steyermarl, 1949) en el proceso infectivo de rotavirus humano sobre células MA 104.

Tesis (Maestría en Ciencias con acentuación en Microbiología) UANL, 2014.