Fotogrametría de UAV de ala fija y comparación con topografía clásica.

El objetivo de este proyecto es realizar un estudio comparativo utilizando dos procedimientos diferentes para la obtención de mapas y modelos digitales del terreno. Por un lado, realizando un levantamiento de una zona determinada mediante GPS y por otro lado mediante fotogrametría aérea utilizando un vehículo aéreo no tripulado. Dicho estudio surge de la necesidad de obtener cartografía de los elementos que nos rodean y en nuestro caso, como primera toma de contacto, en el empleo de una nueva tecnología. Puesto que este requisito ha existido siempre, es evidente que en cada época el avance de las distintas metodologías y tecnologías para la producción cartográfica es mayor. En la actualidad, una de las técnicas más empleadas es la Fotogrametría. La idea de poder sobrevolar una extensión determinada para obtener imágenes y posteriormente poder recomponer el modelo para obtener la geometría y los elementos de dicha extensión hace que esta técnica sea muy eficaz. Hoy en día, las técnicas siguen avanzando y encontramos en el levantamiento mediante la utilización de vehículos aéreos no tripulados una de las mejores alternativas. Se trata de una herramienta muy potente en la realización de trabajos a grandes escalas (1:1000, 1:500). Comparado con métodos tradicionales, la fotogrametría aérea mediante vehículos aéreos no tripulados ofrece una gran cantidad de ventajas: · Mayor precisión: la alta resolución de las fotos tomadas permite obtener modelos digitales del terreno con mayor nivel de detalle. · Ahorro de tiempo: el levantamiento topográfico se puede completar en cuestión de horas, en comparación a métodos de topografía terrestre y fotogrametría tradicional. · Reducción de costos operativos: ya que levantamiento topográfico toma menos tiempo y menos recursos. · Mejoras en seguridad: el uso de una plataforma UAV puede eliminar o reducir la necesidad de acceder a zonas peligrosas. · Manejo de mayor información: fotografías verticales u oblicuas combinadas, levantamientos topográficos precisos, modelos digitales del terreno y análisis volumétrico. · Facilita la toma de decisiones: basada en información relevante y actualizada.

Diplomas from Harvard College and Yale University, 1750

The diplomas are accompanied by a silver case in which the documents were stored.

Vállalati etika

A cikk a vállalati etika (corporate ethics) témakörét mutatja be. Kiindulásul az ún. stakeholder-elméletet választja, amely szerint a managementnek tekintetbe kell vennie minden olyan vállalaton belüli, vagy vállalaton kívüli személyt, csoportot vagy szervezetet, amelynek jelentős érintettsége van a vállalati döntésekben és politikában. A szerző az etika vállalaton belüli intézményesítésének legfontosabb módjait tárgyalja.

Fluorescence-enhanced optical imaging on three-dimensional phantoms using a hand-held probe based frequency-domain intensified charge coupled device (ICCD) optical imager

Fluorescence-enhanced optical imaging is an emerging non-invasive and non-ionizing modality towards breast cancer diagnosis. Various optical imaging systems are currently available, although most of them are limited by bulky instrumentation, or their inability to flexibly image different tissue volumes and shapes. Hand-held based optical imaging systems are a recent development for its improved portability, but are currently limited only to surface mapping. Herein, a novel optical imager, consisting primarily of a hand-held probe and a gain-modulated intensified charge coupled device (ICCD) detector, is developed towards both surface and tomographic breast imaging. The unique features of this hand-held probe based optical imager are its ability to; (i) image large tissue areas (5×10 sq. cm) in a single scan, (ii) reduce overall imaging time using a unique measurement geometry, and (iii) perform tomographic imaging for tumor three-dimensional (3-D) localization. Frequency-domain based experimental phantom studies have been performed on slab geometries (650 ml) under different target depths (1-2.5 cm), target volumes (0.45, 0.23 and 0.10 cc), fluorescence absorption contrast ratios (1:0, 1000:1 to 5:1), and number of targets (up to 3), using Indocyanine Green (ICG) as fluorescence contrast agents. An approximate extended Kalman filter based inverse algorithm has been adapted towards 3-D tomographic reconstructions. Single fluorescence target(s) was reconstructed when located: (i) up to 2.5 cm deep (at 1:0 contrast ratio) and 1.5 cm deep (up to 10:1 contrast ratio) for 0.45 cc-target; and (ii) 1.5 cm deep for target as small as 0.10 cc at 1:0 contrast ratio. In the case of multiple targets, two targets as close as 0.7 cm were tomographically resolved when located 1.5 cm deep. It was observed that performing multi-projection (here dual) based tomographic imaging using a priori target information from surface images, improved the target depth recovery over using single projection based imaging. From a total of 98 experimental phantom studies, the sensitivity and specificity of the imager was estimated as 81-86% and 43-50%, respectively. With 3-D tomographic imaging successfully demonstrated for the first time using a hand-held based optical imager, the clinical translation of this technology is promising upon further experimental validation from in-vitro and in-vivo studies.

Delays in activity based neural networks

In this paper we study the effect of two distinct discrete delays on the dynamics of a Wilson-Cowan neural network. This activity based model describes the dynamics of synaptically interacting excitatory and inhibitory neuronal populations. We discuss the interpretation of the delays in the language of neurobiology and show how they can contribute to the generation of network rhythms. First we focus on the use of linear stability theory to show how to destabilise a fixed point, leading to the onset of oscillatory behaviour. Next we show for the choice of a Heaviside nonlinearity for the firing rate that such emergent oscillations can be either synchronous or anti-synchronous depending on whether inhibition or excitation dominates the network architecture. To probe the behaviour of smooth (sigmoidal) nonlinear firing rates we use a mixture of numerical bifurcation analysis and direct simulations, and uncover parameter windows that support chaotic behaviour. Finally we comment on the role of delays in the generation of bursting oscillations, and discuss natural extensions of the work in this paper.

Simplified theory of wideband spectra of liquid H2O and D2O (from 0 to 1000 cm(-1)) due to reorienting polar and vibrating H-bonded water molecules

A semi-phenomenological molecular model is presented, which is capable of describing with the use of analytical formulae, the wideband dielectric(1) and far-infrared spectra of ordinary and heavy water. In the model the vector of a dipole moment is presented as a sum of two components. The absolute value of the first one is constant; the second one changes harmonically with time. The key aspect of this work is consideration of FIR spectra due to the second component. In the context of the modified hybrid model presented in the work, reorientation of the dipoles in the rectangular potential well is considered, as a result of which the librational (near 700 cm (-1)) and translational (near 200 cm (-1)) absorption bands and the microwave Debye relaxation spectrum arise. It is shown that the time-dependent part of a dipole moment contributes most to the translational band, the relevant mechanism is taken to be stretching vibration of the H-bonded molecules. Previous linear-response molecular models were unsuccessful in describing this band (in heavy water) in terms of the complex dielectric permittivity. The spatial and time scales characteristic of water are estimated. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.