High Prevalence of Signs of Renal Damage Despite Normal Renal Function in a Cohort of HIV-Infected Patients: Evaluation of Associated Factors

Renal disorders are an emerging problem in HIV-infected patients. We performed a cross-sectional study of the first 1000 HIV-infected patients attended at our HIV unit who agreed to participate. We determined the frequency of renal alterations and its related risk factors. Summary statistics and logistic regression were applied. The study sample comprised 970 patients with complete data. Most were white (94%) and men (76%). Median (IQR) age was 48 (42–53) years. Hypertension was diagnosed in 19%, dyslipidemia in 27%, and diabetes mellitus in 3%. According to the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD EPI) equation, 29 patients (3%) had an eGFR < 60 ml/min/1.73m2; 18 of them (62%) presented altered albumin/creatinine and protein/creatinine (UPC or UAC) ratios. Of the patients with eGFR> 60mL/min, it was present in 293 (30%), 38 of whom (7.1%) had UPC> 300mg/g. Increased risk of renal abnormalities was correlated with hypertension (OR, 1.821 [95%CI, 1.292;2.564]; p = 0.001), age (OR, 1.015 [95%CI, 1.001;1.030], per one year; p = 0.040), and use of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) plus protease inhibitor (PI), (OR, 1.401 [95%CI, 1.078;1.821]; p = 0.012). Current CD4 cell count was a protective factor (OR, 0.9995 [95%CI, 0.9991;0.9999], per one cell; p = 0.035). A considerable proportion of patients presented altered UPC or UAC ratios, despite having an eGFR > 60mL/min. CD4 cell count was a protective factor; age, hypertension, and use of TDF plus PIs were risk factors for renal abnormalities. Based on our results, screen of renal abnormalities should be considered in all HIV-infected patients to detect these alterations early.

Estudi sobre l'eficàcia dels mètodes de reescalfament in situ en el tractament de la hipotèrmia accidental en muntanya

En la última dècada, els esports de muntanya, en qualsevol de les seves modalitats, s’han vist incrementats en nombre de practicants. Aquest fet ha comportat un important augment d’incidència de la hipotèrmia accidental. La hipotèrmia accidental és defineix com un estat patològic caracteritzat per la disminució de la temperatura corporal central per sota dels 35ºC, com a resultat de la incapacitat de l’organisme per generar el calor necessari per garantir el manteniment de les funcions fisiològiques. A través d’aquest estudi es vol demostrar que l’actuació in situ, a través de certes mesures de reescalfament, de la víctima que pateix hipotèrmia, milloren la supervivència i les complicacions secundàries d’aquesta patologia, a més a més d’avaluar l’eficàcia d’aquestes tècniques. És a dir, volem demostrar l’efectivitat de l’aplicació terapèutica extrahospitalaria de les tècniques de reescalfament. Realitzarem un estudi quantitatiu observacional analític de caràcter prospectiu a la zona dels Alps francesos d’una mostra de 237 casos d’hipotèrmia en persones practicants d’esports de muntanya que reuneixin uns criteris d’inclusió i exclusió. Els professionals de rescat aplicaran les mesures de reescalfament prèviament pautades, per les quals hauran estat formats, i enregistraran en el full de recollida de dades tota la informació sobre les variables d’estudi. És un estudi on la intervenció principal es porta a terma al medi natural i que per tant les condicions climatològiques i medioambientals poden actuar com a gran limitador de l’estudi, cal afegir també com a limitació el fet que el participant no vulgui formar part de l’estudi o que el professional de rescat que ha de portar a terme el pla terapèutic no ho faci adequadament.

Challenges and Opportunities of Online Entertainment. Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Internet, Law & Politics. Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, 9-10 July, 2012.

El VIII Congrés Internacional Internet, Dret i Política (IDP 2012) que s'ha dut a terme a Barcelona els dies 9 i 10 de juliol de 2012 sota el títol genèric de "Reptes i oportunitats de l'entreteniment en línia", ha abordat alguns dels principals reptes als que s'enfronta la societat de la informació des de la perspectiva jurídica i politològica. Concretament, els temes centrals han estat el debat sobre l'entreteniment a la xarxa, així com altres qüestions relacionades amb Internet i els drets de propietat intel·lectual, la privacitat, la seguretat o la llibertat d'expressió.

Online Volunteers : Knowledge Managers in Nonprofits

Peer-reviewed

Online and Offline Participation at the Local Level : A Quantitative Analysis of the Catalan Municipalities

This paper presents a first analysis on local electronic participatory experiences in Catalonia. The analysis is based on a database constructed and collected by the authors. The paper carries out an explanatory analysis of local initiatives in eparticipationand off line participation taking into account political variables (usually not considered in this kind of analysis) but also classical socio-economic variables that characterise municipalities. Hence, we add a quantitative analysis to the numerous case studies on local e-participation experiences. We have chosen Catalonia because is one of the European regions with more initiatives and one that has enjoyed considerable local governmental support to citizen participation initiatives since the 80s. The paper offers a characterisation of these experiences and a first explanatory analysis, considering: i) the institutional context in which these experiences are embedded, ii) the characteristics of the citizen participation processes and mechanisms on-line, and iii) a set of explanatory variables composed by the population size, thepolitical adscription of the mayor, the electoral abstention rate, age, income and level ofeducation in the municipality. The model that we present is explanatory for the municipalities with more than 20,000 inhabitants but it is not for the fewer than 20,000inhabitants. Actually, the number of participatory activities developed by these last municipalities is very low. Among all the variables, population size becomes the mostinfluential variable. Political variables such as political party of the mayor and the localabstention rate have a certain influence but that have to be controlled by population size.

Recognition of prior learning in online postgraduate education

The recognition of prior experiential learning (RPEL) involves the assessment ofskills and knowledge acquired by an individual through previous experience, which isnot necessarily related to an academic context. RPEL practices are far from generalisedin higher education, and there is a lack of specific guidelines on how to implement RPLprograms in particular settings, such as management education or online programs. TheRPEL pilot program developed in a Spanish virtual university is used throughout thearticle as the basis for further reflection on the design and implementation of RPEL inonline postgraduate education in the business field. The role of competences as a centraltheoretical foundation for RPEL is explained, and the context and characteristics of theRPEL program described. Special attention is paid to the key elements of the program¿sdesign and to the practical aspects of its implementation. The results of the program areassessed and general conclusions and suggestions for further research are discussed.

Exploring new criteria to design materials for online education

Peer-reviewed

Online Learning and Teaching in Higher Education, a book review

Peer-reviewed

Online and Offline Participation at the Local level: A Quantitative Analysis of the Catalan Municipalities

This article presents an analysis on local participatory experiences in Catalonia,both online and in-person. The analysis is based on a database set up by theauthors. The article carries out an explanatory analysis of local participatoryinitiatives (on- and offline) taking into account political variables (not usually con-sidered in this kind of analysis) and also classical socio-economic variables thatcharacterize municipalities. Hence, we add a quantitative analysis to the numerouscase studies on local e-participation experiences. We have chosen Catalonia becauseit is one of the European regions with more initiatives and a considerable localgovernment support for citizen participation initiatives since the 1980s. Thearticle offers a characterization of these experiences and an explanatory analysis,considering: (i) the institutional context in which these experiences are embedded,(ii) the citizen participation processes and mechanisms online and (iii) a set ofexplanatory variables composed of the population size and the province to whichthe municipality belongs, the political tendency of the mayor, the electoral absten-tion rate, age, income, level of education, broadband connection and users of theInternet in the municipality. The model that we present is explanatory for munici-palities with more than 20,000 inhabitants but it is not for fewer than 20,000inhabitants. Actually, the majority of these latter municipalities have not developedany participatory activities. Among all the variables, population size is the mostinfluential variable and affects the influence of other variables, such as the politicalparty of the mayor, the local abstention rate and the province.

Parametrització d’un procés basat en marro de cafè pel tractament d’aigües residuals que contenen Cr(VI)

Aquest projecte forma part d’un estudi sobre l’eliminació de metalls pesants utilitzant com aadsorbents residus d’indústries agroalimentàries, que des de fa uns quants anys està duent aterme el grup de Metalls i Medi Ambient (MiMA) del Departament d’Enginyeria Química,Agrària i Tecnologia Agroalimentària de la Universitat de Girona. L’objecte del treball és parametritzar un procés basat en marro de cafè que inclouetapes de reducció/adsorció i precipitació per al tractament d’aigües residuals quecontenen Cr(VI) i altres metalls. La parametrització permetrà conèixer en quinmoment s’ha assolit la reducció total del Cr(VI) en la primera etapa del tractament perpoder passar a una segona etapa d’eliminació de la resta dels metalls presents en solució

Validation of plant dynamic model by online and laboratory measurements – a tool to predict online COD loads out of production of mechanical printing papers

COD discharges out of processes have increased in line with elevating brightness demands for mechanical pulp and papers. The share of lignin-like substances in COD discharges is on average 75%. In this thesis, a plant dynamic model was created and validated as a means to predict COD loading and discharges out of a mill. The assays were carried out in one paper mill integrate producing mechanical printing papers. The objective in the modeling of plant dynamics was to predict day averages of COD load and discharges out of mills. This means that online data, like 1) the level of large storage towers of pulp and white water 2) pulp dosages, 3) production rates and 4) internal white water flows and discharges were used to create transients into the balances of solids and white water, referred to as “plant dynamics”. A conversion coefficient was verified between TOC and COD. The conversion coefficient was used for predicting the flows from TOC to COD to the waste water treatment plant. The COD load was modeled with similar uncertainty as in reference TOC sampling. The water balance of waste water treatment was validated by the reference concentration of COD. The difference of COD predictions against references was within the same deviation of TOC-predictions. The modeled yield losses and retention values of TOC in pulping and bleaching processes and the modeled fixing of colloidal TOC to solids between the pulping plant and the aeration basin in the waste water treatment plant were similar to references presented in literature. The valid water balances of the waste water treatment plant and the reduction model of lignin-like substances produced a valid prediction of COD discharges out of the mill. A 30% increase in the release of lignin-like substances in the form of production problems was observed in pulping and bleaching processes. The same increase was observed in COD discharges out of waste water treatment. In the prediction of annual COD discharge, it was noticed that the reduction of lignin has a wide deviation from year to year and from one mill to another. This made it difficult to compare the parameters of COD discharges validated in plant dynamic simulation with another mill producing mechanical printing papers. However, a trend of moving from unbleached towards high-brightness TMP in COD discharges was valid.

The Finnish Online University of Applied Sciences - from National to International

Julkaistu CD-ROM-levyllä

Juego online de preguntas y respuestas

Proyecto que incluye memoria, código fuente y binario (war desplegable en servidor de aplicaciones Java) del proyecto de "Juego online de preguntas y respuestas" creado como videojuego educativo de PFC para Ingeniería de Informática.

Gestor de reserves de pistes online

Desenvolupament d'una aplicació web per al club de tenis Les Argelagues, que requereix d'alguna solució tecnològica que permeti dur a terme les tasques de gestió online de les seves pistes de pàdel i tenis.