Modelo de Análise e Prevenção de Acidentes - MAPA: ferramenta para a vigilância em Saúde do trabalhador

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Ações intersetoriais de prevenção de acidentes na educação infantil: opiniões do professor e conhecimentos dos alunos

Introduction: public health politics and education privilege school for disease prevention and healthpromotion activities. Objective: this paper describes inter-sector action for childhood accidentsprevention, teachers’ assessments and the knowledge of the students involved. Methods: it wasdone in a kindergarten City School in São Paulo interior. Thirty students from the Pre school secondyear, in the 5-6 age range and the teacher through a signed Consensus Term. The actions wereperformed in the classroom. Questionnaires were used with the teacher and school books with thechildren, formulated by speech and language pathology interns, who lead the actions in school.Results: the results showed an improvement in knowledge about children accident risks and formsof prevention by children and teacher. Conclusions: the educational activity was positively evaluatedfor both participant segments, being suggestive for other classes and/or schools, with health andeducation professionals’ partnership.

Estratégia educativa sobre prevenção de acidentes infantis para o ensino fundamental

Os acidentes infantis causam alta morbimortalidade. Embora preveníveis pela educação, são escassos os subsídios para atuar com o tema. O objetivo deste trabalho foi elaborar estratégia educativa sobre prevenção de acidentes infantis para o ensino fundamental. Participaram membros de um Grupo de Pesquisa, escolares de duas salas de 3ª série do ensino fundamental e as professoras. Utilizou-se literatura da área, materiais recicláveis e impressos. Realizaram-se reuniões para definição, elaboração e ensaio da estratégia, no Grupo de Pesquisa, e estudo piloto nas salas de aula. A estratégia resultante foi um Teatro de Fantoches abordando a prevenção de queimaduras infantis, com Folheto Avaliativo do Aluno para antes e após a ação e Questionário Avaliativo do Professor após a ação. Concluiu-se que a estratégia elaborada foi de fácil aplicação e boa aceitação, favorecendo a posterior aplicação e avaliação por professores.

Ação educativa no ensino fundamental com material paradidático sobre prevenção de quedas acidentais

The child accidents are a serious public health problem, but can be prevented by the education. The Ministries of Health and Education suggest preventive actions in schools, but these are scarce, as well as the materials to be used in the educational context. The objective of this study was to evaluate an educational intervention on prevention of accidental falls. Participants were 17 students of the fourth year of elementary school at a municipal school. We checked the students' prior knowledge, read a paradicdatic book and re-verification of knowledge. The results indicated an increase of correct answers by 40% comparing the data obtained before and after the action. It is concluded that the educational activity favored the expansion of knowledge about the theme in the educational environment.

Efeitos da interação e soluções utilizadas na prevenção da formação do precipitado originado pela interação do hipoclorito de sódio e do diglunato de clorexidina e a repercursão sobre a resistência de união de cimento obturador na dentina do canal radicular

Pós-graduação em Odontologia - FOAR

Reflexão sobre prevenção de acidentes à criança no âmbito doméstico

The aim was to reflect what action to prevent accidents used by caregivers / participants in the home. This is a prospecive cross-sectional descriptive study conducted at the Pediatric Inpatient Unit, Hospital of the Medical School of Botucatu – Unesp, during the months from May to August 2010.A questionnaire was used in the form of check list (Annex I) on measures to prevent accidents. The participant chose two alternatives taking into consideration the order of priority in the prevention of accidents. This study shows that for the age group from 29 days to 2 years, the companions chose these preventive measures for falls, burns, poisoning and drowning, “do not put near the windows mobile” (27.8%), “no access the match, lighter and appliances (22.2%), leave toxic substances out of reach and sight of children (41.7%) and empty buckets, tubs and pools after use (27.8% ). Regarding the age group 2-6 years, the measures for these types of accidents were not put near the windows mobile (26.5%), do not have access to matches, lighters and household appliances (20.9% ), leave toxic products out of reach and sight of children (27.9%) and maintain tanks, tanks and wells or struck with some protection (20.2%). For ages 6 to 10 years, the measures chosen to more such accidents were dry liquid spilled on the ground (23.5%), do not have access to matches, lighters and household appliances (22.5% ), leave toxic products out of reach and sight of children (31%) and keep tanks, tanks and wells or struck with some protection (23.5%). One fact that attracted our attention was that the preventive measures most frequently used by caregivers, regardless of age, show results that differ in few alternatives. It is essential to the understanding of the escorts / participants on the importance of injury prevention. Even today is predominantly defined as accident, injury must be addressed through measures

Gestão ambiental aplicada a prevenção, controle e recuperação de erosão linear acelerada no município de Ipeúna-SP

The erosion is a natural process of detachment, transport and deposition of soil and rock particles from one place to another. Human activities with no previous planning may accelerate this process, causing several damages to the environment and to society. In order to control the acceleration of these erosion processes caused by humans, prevention and improvement initiatives emerge. Regarding works which interfere directly in some of the natural resources, these initiatives must respect the intrinsic physical properties of the area of interest, if they aim to obtain effective results. Based on this scenario, this work proposes a few methods of accelerated linear erosion prevention, control and recovery in a specific area of the municipal district of Ipeúna (SP). For that matter, this study is based on a method of physiographic compartmentalization of the area, considering and integrating soil, relief, geology and the use and land cover properties of the study area. Plus, a flowchart with general orientations regarding management of eroded areas was produced, focused on the control and recovery of linear erosion. The result demonstrates the importance of careful erosion control, respecting the physical properties of each physiographic unit. The vegetative and mechanical conservationists methods, and the discipline of water flow, have found wide applicability in the study area.

Comparando a eficácia da manta térmica com método de aquecimento passivo na prevenção de hipotermia

Hypothermia is a common phenomenon in the perioperative period, and it affects 60 to 90% of patients submitted to anesthetic-surgical procedures. In order to minimize its incidence, warming methods are used. Such methods can be passive, such as orthopedic cotton, sheets and blankets, or active, such as warm-air blankets and thermal mattresses. In this scenario, the present study aimed at comparing two warming methods used in the intraoperative period. Patients submitted to abdominal surgery in the specialties of gynecology and gastric surgery from August to September 2010 were included in the study. After randomization, they were divided into two groups: one using a thermal blanket (group I) and one using orthopedic cotton (group II). At last, 9 patients were included. The variables for each question were considered according to occurrence frequency. Comparison between groups was performed by Student’s t test. With the purpose to analyze whether there was an association, the chi-square test or Fisher’s Exact test was used. Whenever it was applicable for multiple comparisons, Tukey’s test was utilized; p values < 0.05 were considered to be statistically significant for analysis. The sample comprised 6 males and 3 females submitted to gynecological and gastric surgeries. Their mean age was 48 years for group I and 46.2 years for group II. A predominance of general anesthesia was observed. The time of permanence in the operating room ranged from 80 to 360 minutes. With regard to warming parenteral solutions, the procedure was performed on 5 patients, and infusion of warm solution into the abdominal cavity was performed on 50% of the sample. Concerning the warming method used, 5 patients used a thermal blanket. In view of the results presented, it was not possible to conclude which warming method should be used due to sample size

Hemorragia pulmonar induzida por exercício: fatores predisponentes, prevenção e tratamento

The Exercise Induced Pulmonar Haemorrhage (EIPH) affect a large amount of atlethe horses. It affects the horse's performance in any kind of competition and it can represent incresead spending of money or even an economic loss. Thoroughbred horses are the most affectef breed by EIPH because of intensive activity. Meanwhile any other kind of horse breed that is involved in athletic competition can also be affected by EIPH as well. In this brief work we are presenting the most common causes and factors from the EIPH as well the prevention and some types of treatment available nowadays

XSOFT: estudo de reconhecimento, exploração e prevenção de vulnerabilidades de software através de uma distribuição LINUX

This work aims to give greater visibility to the issue of software security, due to people talk a lot in security conferences, that much of both IT (Information Technology) staff and, more specifically, IS (Information Security) staff does not know this, and, thanks to the spread of the mobile computing and of the cloud computing, this lack of deeper knowledge on this subject is increasingly becoming worrisome. It aims too, make applications to be developed in a security manner, priorizing the security of the information processed. It attempts to demonstrate the secure coding techniques, the principles of software security, the means to identify software vulnerabilities, the cutting-edge software exploitation techniques and the mechanisms of mitigation. Nowadays, the security guys are in charge of the most of the security tests in applications, audits and pentests, and it is undeniable that the so-called security experts, most often come from computer network field, having few experience in software development and programming. Therefore, the development process does not consider the security issue, thanks to the lack of knowledge on the subject by the developer, and the security tests could be improved whether security experts had a greater know-how on application development. Given this problem, the goal here is to integrate information security with software development, spreading out the process of secure software development. To achieve this, a Linux distribution with proof of concept applicati... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Complexo Dia: espaço de tratamento e prevenção ao stress

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Treinamento aeróbio na prevenção de alterações cardíacas decorrentes da obesidade em ratos (Rattus Norvegicus Albinus, Wistar)

A obesidade é um problema de saúde pública mundial e está fortemente associada à doença cardíaca isquêmica, aterosclerose, hipertensão arterial, entre outros problemas cardiovasculares. Na atualidade, o tratamento sugerido para as doenças cardiovasculares, comumente decorrentes da obesidade, consiste na diminuição da ingestão de gordura aliada à atividade física. Contudo, pouco se sabe quanto aos protocolos de treinamento mais adequados para a prevenção ou tratamento dessas doenças. O presente estudo objetivou analisar os efeitos do exercício físico na intensidade de 80% do limiar anaeróbio (LAn) sobre os aspectos bioquímicos cardíacos de ratos obesos. Para a indução da obesidade, os animais, a partir dos 90 dias de idade, foram mantidos com dieta hiperlipídica/hipercalórica (35% de gordura animal/vegetal) e os animais controles, mantidos com dieta balanceada (AIN-93M). Todos os animais pertencentes ao grupo treinado foram submetidos a testes de lactato mínimo para a identificação do limiar anaeróbio (LAn) durante exercício de natação, treinando desde os 28 dias de idade até aos 90 dias em intensidade equivalente a 80% do LAn 1 h/dia, 5 dias/semana. Depois dos 90 dias uma parte dos animais treinados interrompeu o treinamento ficando em observação até o final do experimento (150 dias de idade). Os demais animais permaneceram sedentários ao longo de todo o experimento. Foram analisados: peso corporal, tolerância à glicose e à insulina (TTGo e TTI), perfil lipídico sérico (colesterol total, triglicerídeos, AGL e HDL), concentrações séricas de glicose e insulina e alíquotas do ventrículo esquerdo foram retiradas para análise das concentrações de triglicerídeos, glicogênio, proteína/DNA e atividade lipogênica. Os animais tratados com dieta hiperlipídica tiveram aumento significativo no peso corporal, intolerância à glicose e resistência à insulina e o treinamento físico neutralizou tais...

Biofilme estafilocócico: prevenção, detecção da produção e determinação do perfil de resistência a antimicrobianos

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Perfil epidemiológico da febre aftosa no Brasil: a evolução do programa nacional de erradicação e prevenção da febre aftosa

Com o crescimento significativo da pecuária brasileira houve a evolução de medidas sanitárias de controle, prevenção e erradicação de enfermidades animais que assolam o país. De uma maneira peculiar, ao se falar sobre as doenças animais que são de grande relevância para a economia e sociedade brasileira, é indispensável citar a febre aftosa. Essa enfermidade, também conhecida como foot and mouth disease, economicamente, é a mais importante presente na pecuária: infecciosa, com caráter agudo e febril, altamente contagiosa, que afeta animais de cascos fendidos e causa lesões vesiculares, úlceras e erosões. Características como ampla gama de hospedeiros no qual pode se instalar, elevada quantidade de partículas virais em excreções respiratórias, rápida taxa de replicação e variados modos de transmissão, fazem da febre aftosa uma doença de escolha para a erradicação. Desde a regulamentação do serviço de defesa sanitária animal no país, em 1934, já se percebia a importância de controlar a mesma. Em 1951, o Programa Nacional de Controle de Febre Aftosa (PNCFA) foi o primeiro programa nacional de saúde animal a ser implantado no Brasil. Com os avanços no setor de defesa sanitária, houve, em 1992, a implantação do Programa Nacional de Erradicação e Prevenção da Febre Aftosa (PNEFA). Em um processo de transformação gradual, nota-se que todo esse controle e pesquisa epidemiológica dessa infecção em nosso país proporcionaram avanços iminentes para seu combate e, consequentemente, para a sanidade dos animais e qualidade dos produtos e derivados de origem animal: como se pode verificar através da evolução das regiões reconhecidas livres dessa doença e da ausência de casos nos últimos oito anos