Photograph of various photographs of Albert Einstein taken by photographer Trude Fleischmann.

Signed by photographer bottom left

Reproduction of portrait of Albert Einstein smoking his pipe and holding a pen drawn by Carola Spaett-Hauschka Portraits Men

Handwritten by artist bottom right: Prof. Einstein from life Carola Spaett-Hauschka Cold Lyme 1935

Reproduction of drawn portrait of Albert Einstein Portraits Men

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Role of conformational dynamics in kinetics of an enzymatic cycle in a nonequilibrium steady state

Enzyme is a dynamic entity with diverse time scales, ranging from picoseconds to seconds or even longer. Here we develop a rate theory for enzyme catalysis that includes conformational dynamics as cycling on a two-dimensional (2D) reaction free energy surface involving an intrinsic reaction coordinate (X) and an enzyme conformational coordinate (Q). The validity of Michaelis-Menten (MM) equation, i.e., substrate concentration dependence of enzymatic velocity, is examined under a nonequilibrium steady state. Under certain conditions, the classic MM equation holds but with generalized microscopic interpretations of kinetic parameters. However, under other conditions, our rate theory predicts either positive (sigmoidal-like) or negative (biphasic-like) kinetic cooperativity due to the modified effective 2D reaction pathway on X-Q surface, which can explain non-MM dependence previously observed on many monomeric enzymes that involve slow or hysteretic conformational transitions. Furthermore, we find that a slow conformational relaxation during product release could retain the enzyme in a favorable configuration, such that enzymatic turnover is dynamically accelerated at high substrate concentrations. The effect of such conformation retainment in a nonequilibrium steady state is evaluated.

Albert Einstein in his study; Haberlandstrasse 5, Berlin Portraits Men

Signed Jacobi

Albert Einstein playing violin with small orchestra; Princeton, New Jersey Portraits; Groups

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Albert Einstein playing violin with small orchestra; Princeton, New Jersey portraits groups

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Albert Einstein sitting on boat with David Rothman Portraits Groups; Men

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Albert Einstein with Judge Irving Lehmann; Port Chester, New York Portraits Groups; Men

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Albert Einstein with Judge Irving Lehmann and Mr. and Mrs. Joseph (Calvery?); Port Chester, New York Portraits; Groups

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Albert Einstein with Judge Irving Lehmann; Port Chester, New York Portraits Groups; Men

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Albert Einstein on the beach; Le Coq sur Mer, Belgium Portraits; Men

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Albert and Elsa Einstein on board ship with captain and unidentified man and woman leaving Hamburg going to California Portraits; Groups

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Portrait of Albert Einstein in the Southern California desert Portraits; Men

Verso: "Er sinnt in der Wueste"

Albert Einstein laying on grass in a field Portraits; Men

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