Escuela, migrantes internos y comunidad barrial en Rosario. Cultura y socialización en la segunda mitad del siglo XX

Esta es una tesis situada en el campo de estudios interdisciplinario de las Ciencias de la Educación, la Historia y la Psicología Social, por lo que es denominada como un estudio acerca de la educación, y su historia psicosocial. La identidad es un concepto sumamente prolífico a la hora de pensar las problemáticas educativas en claves históricas y psicosociales. Si a esto se le agrega la interacción con los cánones escolares, se alcanza un campo rico y fértil para ser investigado. A partir de ahí, la investigación se propone por objetivo general, producir un conocimiento explicativo en torno a la configuración de identidad y el impacto producido por los cánones culturales de la escuela en la herencia cultural de las poblaciones migratorias. A los fines de situar empíricamente el objeto, la dimensión espacial elegida, ha sido una comunidad de la ciudad de Rosario, Santa Fe. El barrio Belgrano y, en particular, la escuela No 91 República Federativa de Brasil, que es la oferta educativa estatal de nivel primario vinculada al mismo. Se desarrollan elementos analíticos que hacen a la configuración socio-histórica (segunda mitad del siglo XX) y educativa del barrio Belgrano. Se trabajan categorías que involucran a la identidad barrial, su historia, la transmisión del legado cultural y el sentido de pertenencia de los sujetos que viven e interactúan en él. Se parte de las siguientes hipótesis: los migrantes internos se incorporan a la comunidad local escapando de las necesidades económicas de su lugar de origen No obstante, una vez asentados los migrantes toman como propias las representaciones adquiridas confluyendo con las referidas a la pertenencia barrial. Si la escuela pretende que la identidad de los migrantes sea absorbida como una adaptación pasiva al canon cultural, esta fracasa en aquellos aspectos que hacen al legado cultural, aunque continúe con la reproducción de ciertos aspectos de la homogeneización y de las diferencias sociales. La metodología cualitativa se ajusta a las pretensiones establecidas. El análisis de entrevistas, documentos, y datos censales es utilizado siendo triangulados los datos para una mejor precisión de la información referida. Consecuentemente, se efectúa el examen del impacto de los movimientos migratorios interprovinciales e internos de la ciudad que conllevan a poblar y a extender el tejido social del barrio y sus alcances en la transmisión del legado cultural en la escuela. Los resultados ponen en evidencia que el arbitrario cultural dominante, a través de sus propios cánones, no que lineal ni se apoderó totalmente de toda la escuela No. 91. Al tener un sentido de pertenencia e identificación suprema con el barrio, no habría reproducido totalmente y sin cuestionamientos el canon cultural dominante. Implícitamente y quizá espontáneamente, las prácticas reprodujeron el mandato del discurso del conjunto social, amalgamado con los aprendizajes socialmente significativos del legado de la comunidad. Por último, hacia fines de los noventa, la vida cotidiana barrial se torna altamente fragmentada e individualizada sin expectativas de configurar un proyecto común. Estas características también se observaron en la práctica docente: la pérdida en el tiempo, del sentido histórico, que ocasiona un resquebrajamiento en los vínculos sociales.

Myanmar migrant laborers in Ranong, Thailand

Thailand is the major destination for migrants in mainland Southeast Asia, and Myanmar (Burmese) migrants account for the dominant share. This paper sheds light on the actual working conditions and the life of Myanmar migrants in Thailand, based on our intensive survey in Ranong in southern Thailand in 2009. We found a wide range of serious problems that Myanmar migrants face in everyday life: very harsh working conditions, low income, heavy indebtedness, risk of being human-trafficking victims, harassment by the police and military (especially of sex workers), high risk of illness including malaria and HIV/AIDS and limited access to affordable medical facilities, and a poor educational environment for their children.

The voices and protests of China's labour NGOs and their effort to promote migrant worker rights

Labour NGOs in China are relatively new organizations that emerged in the 1990s and have spread during the 2000s. Migrant workers in China are weak both socially and economically and have been lacking ways of voicing grievances and protesting. Grassroots labour NGOs for migrant workers seem to be an efficient channel for their voices. This paper examines how labour NGOs emerged and how they function in the context of current Chinese society. This paper adopts the case study method to describe three NGOs in Beijing and Shenzhen. The paper shows that these NGOs are using different methods to resolve migrant worker problems. At the same time, they are voicing the migrants' grievances and protesting in their own ways.

Patrimonio Histórico Minero-Metalúrgico, Patrimonio Cultural/ Mining-Metallurgical Historical Heritage, Cultural Heritage

El panel se divide en tres secciones : Minería histórica , Patrimonio Minero y Museos.

The value of cultural assets. Maintenance Costs and economic sustainability at heritage

Under the 12th International Conference on Building Materials and Components is inserted this communication related to the field of management of those assets that constitute the Spanish Cultural Heritage and maintenance. This work is related to the field of management of those assets that constitute the Spanish Cultural Heritage which share an artistic or historical background. The conservation and maintenance become a social demand necessary for the preservation of public values, requiring the investment of necessary resources. The legal protection involves a number of obligations and rights to ensure the conservation and heritage protection. The duty of maintenance and upkeep exceeds the useful life the property that must endure more for their cultural value for its usability. The establishment of the necessary conditions to prevent deterioration and precise in order to fulfill its social function, seeking to prolong the life of the asset, preserving their physical integrity and its ability to convey the values protected. This obligation implies a substantial financial effort to the holder of the property, either public or private entity, addressing a problem of economic sustainability. Economic exploitation, with the aim of contributing to their well-maintained, is sometimes the best way to get resources. The work will include different lines of research with the following objectives. - Establishment of processes for assessing total costs over the building life cycle (LCC), during the planning stages or maintenance budgets to determine the most advantageous operating system. - Relationship between the value of property and maintenance costs, and establishing a sensitivity analysis.

Metadata Visualization of Cultural Heritage Information within a Collaborative Environment

Cultural content on the Web is available in various domains (cultural objects, datasets, geospatial data, moving images, scholarly texts and visual resources), concerns various topics, is written in different languages, targeted to both laymen and experts, and provided by different communities (libraries, archives museums and information industry) and individuals (Figure 1). The integration of information technologies and cultural heritage content on the Web is expected to have an impact on everyday life from the point of view of institutions, communities and individuals. In particular, collaborative environment scan recreate 3D navigable worlds that can offer new insights into our cultural heritage (Chan 2007). However, the main barrier is to find and relate cultural heritage information by end-users of cultural contents, as well as by organisations and communities managing and producing them. In this paper, we explore several visualisation techniques for supporting cultural interfaces, where the role of metadata is essential for supporting the search and communication among end-users (Figure 2). A conceptual framework was developed to integrate the data, purpose, technology, impact, and form components of a collaborative environment, Our preliminary results show that collaborative environments can help with cultural heritage information sharing and communication tasks because of the way in which they provide a visual context to end-users. They can be regarded as distributed virtual reality systems that offer graphically realised, potentially infinite, digital information landscapes. Moreover, collaborative environments also provide a new way of interaction between an end-user and a cultural heritage data set. Finally, the visualisation of metadata of a dataset plays an important role in helping end-users in their search for heritage contents on the Web.

Normalización del análisis de la piedra y conservación del patrimonio cultural. The Standardization of Stone Analysis and Conservation of Cultural Heritage

La normalización de los métodos de análisis y de los principales aspectos relacionados con la conservación de los bienes culturales ha empezado en 2004 con la creación del comité europeo de normalización, CEN/TC 346 Conservation of Cultural Property, que tiene la responsabilidad no solamente de redactar protocolos de ensayos en laboratorio, sino también proponer las recomendaciones más adecuadas para designarlos de forma consensual y conservarlos de la forma más apropiada. Se comentan los aspectos relacionados con el origen de estas normas, el trabajo desarrollado y que muchas de ellas, aunque no estén dirigidas específicamente a la piedra, tienen en cuenta la presencia de este material en objetos arqueológicos, obras de arte, estructuras de fábricas y elementos ornamentales.

La terminología de los títulos de los proyectos de conservación del patrimonio cultural = The terminology of projects titles of the conservation of cultural heritage

Los títulos de los proyectos de intervención en el patrimonio cultural tangible, como resultado del análisis de una muestra del inventario del fondo documental de la asociación española de empresas de restauración del patrimonio histórico (ARESPA), aporta la evolución de la terminología aplicada en los procesos de conservación. La restauración es una intervención frecuente, aunque en los títulos es común mencionar dos intervenciones. Sin embargo, para facilitar el inventario, catalogación y la consulta de la documentación, y teniendo en cuenta la complejidad del patrimonio construido, se propone especificar en los títulos los ámbitos físicos y los sistemas constructivos relacionados los estudios previos, las obras de emergencia, las intervenciones y el mantenimiento

Educational innovation applied in the UNESCO chair of mining and industrial heritage

The “Innovatio Educativa Tertio Millennio” group has been 10 years developing educational innovation techniques, actually has reached the level of teaching on the technical teachers has developed, and share them with other groups, that can implement them in their teaching activities. UNESCO Chair of Mining and Industrial Heritage has been years working on heritage, and on the one hand teaching in conservation and maintenance of heritage, and on the other doing raise awareness of the meaning of heritage, the social value and as must be managed effectively. Recently these two groups work together, thus is spreading in a much more effective manner the concepts of heritage, its meaning, its value, and how to manage it and provide effective protection. On one hand being a work of dissemination based on internet and on radio broadcasting, and on the other one of teaching based on educational innovation, and courses, conferences, and face-to-face seminars or distance platforms.

"Innovatio educativa tertio millennio": 12 years evoluting from learning from learning to teaching in courses on educational innovation and collaboration with the UNESCO chair of mining and industrial heritage

Twelve years ago a group of teachers began to work in educational innovation. In 2002 we received an award for educational innovation, undergoing several stages. Recently, we have decided to focus on being teachers of educational innovation. We create a web scheduled in Joomla offering various services, among which we emphasize teaching courses of educational innovation. The “Instituto de Ciencias de la Educacion” in “Universidad Politécnica de Madrid” has recently incorporated two of these courses, which has been highly praised. These courses will be reissued in new calls, and we are going to offer them to more Universities. We are in contact with several institutions, radio programs, the UNESCO Chair of Mining and Industrial Heritage, and we are working with them in the creation of heritage courses using methods that we have developed.

Exploring Cultural Heritage Resources in a 3D Collaborative Environment

Cultural heritage is a complex and diverse concept, which brings together a wide domain of information. Resources linked to a cultural heritage site may consist of physical artefacts, books, works of art, pictures, historical maps, aerial photographs, archaeological surveys and 3D models. Moreover, all these resources are listed and described by a set of a variety of metadata specifications that allow their online search and consultation on the most basic characteristics of them. Some examples include Norma ISO 19115, Dublin Core, AAT, CDWA, CCO, DACS, MARC, MoReq, MODS, MuseumDat, TGN, SPECTRUM, VRA Core and Z39.50. Gateways are in place to fit in these metadata standards into those used in a SDI (ISO 19115 or INSPIRE), but substantial work still remains to be done for the complete incorporation of cultural heritage information. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to demonstrate how the complexity of cultural heritage resources can be dealt with by a visual exploration of their metadata within a 3D collaborative environment. The 3D collaborative environments are promising tools that represent the new frontier of our capacity of learning, understanding, communicating and transmitting culture.

Fungal biodeterioration of colour cinematographic films of the cultural heritage of Cuba

Until recently, cinematographic film was largely cellulose-triacetate-based. However, this material is highly susceptible to biodeterioration, thus placing historic film collections, an important part of the cultural heritage of many countries, at risk. In the present study, samples taken from several biodeteriorated color cinematographic films belonging to the collection of the Cuban Institute for Cinematographic Industry and Arts (ICAIC) were investigated. Infrared spectroscopy showed that all films were of the same composition, i.e., a gelatin emulsion coating one side of a cellulose-triacetate-based film support. The films were analyzed by environmental scanning electron microscopy and scanning electron microscopy to determine the degree of biodeterioration and the type of colonizing microorganisms. Significant fungal colonization was found on both sides of the films in all samples, with a higher concentration of fungi on the gelatin emulsion side. Epifluorescence microscopy of fluorochrome-dyed films demonstrated that some of the fungi were still active, indicating that the films under study, and probably others at the ICAIC, are at risk of further deterioration. Fungi were identified by molecular biology techniques. The fungi mainly responsible for the observed biodeterioration were those belonging to the genera Aspergillus and Cladosporium, although other genera, such as Microascus and Penicillium, were identified as well. In accordance with the findings described herein, the existing guidelines for the prevention and control of film biodeterioration are discussed.

A model of economic management of cultural heritage: the rehabilitation of fort christmas as an interpretation center of defensive architecture of the Mediterranean in Cartagena (Spain)

The Cultural Heritage constitutes a way to generate social identities and play an important role in the development of the Spanish Mediterranean cities that opt to sustainable quality tourism. The reflection on the necessity of intervention on this heritage, in addition to establishing what should be done, brings up the need to define the reasons for taking action, why and what-for. These decisions are essential to establish if its maintenance and recovery are economically sustainable. The Project "Cartagena Port of Cultures", with support from the European Union, is an example of effective instrument for ensuring the sustainability of our built heritage conservation. Its main objective was to enable sustainable development of tourism in Cartagena based on sustainability and seasonality. This was achieved through a process of recovery of heritage resources and their optimum promotion and marketing.