998 resultados para matriz de impactos ambientais
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Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Produção Vegetal) - FCAV
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
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Pós-graduação em Biociências - FCLAS
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Pós-graduação em Engenharia Mecânica - FEG
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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)
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CCurrently there are various systems for the evaluation of environmental impacts of buildings, known as tools of environmental certification. Among these, the tool LEED for New Construction and Major Renovations has been the most widely used and accepted worldwide, in assessing the sustainability of buildings. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the tool for LEED certification for construction work in Brazil, which ranks fourth in the world ranking records certification of sustainable buildings. It was found in this analysis that the assumptions of this tool are encouraging the use of more sustainable and less impactful on the environment as it promotes the deployment of innovative projects from a technological standpoint, , as well as the valuation of enterprises certified. Also, very significant results obtained in terms of energy efficiency and environmental quality in occupied buildings
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Nos últimos anos, têm se notado a grande preocupação com relação às condições climáticas do planeta e suas implicações. As discussões sobre as mudanças climáticas têm se tornado cada vez mais relevantes à medida que as adversidades climáticas têm implicações diretas na sociedade. Neste contexto, o objetivo deste trabalho foi identificar e avaliar episódios atmosféricos severos ocorridos no Estado de São Paulo no ano de 2005, elaborando posteriormente o estudo de caso do tornado ocorrido na cidade de Indaiatuba (SP). No levantamento sobre o evento atmosférico levou-se em conta a condição atmosférica que o originaram, além dos impactos ambientais e sócio-econômicos do fenômeno na sua região de abrangência. Para isso foram realizados levantamentos bibliográficos mais completos possíveis sobre o assunto, utilizando revistas credenciadas em âmbito nacional ou internacional. Logo após esta etapa foram coletados os dados de estações meteorológicas e dados atmosféricos como vento, temperatura, pressão disponibilizados pelo (NCEP) National Centers for Environmental Prediction. Estes dados atmosféricos disponibilizados pelo (NCEP) foram avaliados e analisados para a caracterização do episódio atmosférico e o cruzamento de informações por meio dos (SIGs) Sistema de Informação Geográfica, referentes à dinâmica atmosférica e topografia. A interpretação de todos os dados gerados relacionados e suas implicações no contexto ambiental e sócio-econômico está organizada em forma de uma síntese na redação final.
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The basin of the Corumbataí river is of vital importance to over 600 thousand people, who depend on its waters for consumption. The Simplified Analisys of Environmental Impacts in the Areas Surrounding the Surface Waters of the Drainage Basin of the Corumbataí River (SP) is aimed at defining the areas which are most susceptible to degradation or already damaged and propose engineering solutions according to the environmental problems identified. Using a questionnaire to indicate possible impacts in the surroundings, I related human actions to these damage and quantified them. Having studied the basin extensively and selected 42 areas - generically identified as points and grouped as sub-basins and according to the soil usage -, I was able to identify the main environmental impacts in the basin as: sugar cane monoculture, lack of riparian forest, damaged areas due to mining, the bad state of rural roads and bridges, rubbish disposal alongside roads or directly into the river, accelerated and unplanned expansion of residential and industrial areas into the rural areas and river sources, and Rio Claro's untreated city wastewater
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Os sistemas convencionais de produção agropecuária são considerados grandes causadores de impactos ambientais, tais como degradação do solo, poluição e assoreamento dos rios, destruição da vegetação nativa, perda de biodiversidade e contaminação dos alimentos, o que conseqüentemente induz o aparecimento de problemas sociais, econômicos e ambientais. Os sistemas naturais em bom estado de conservação oferecem serviços ambientais que são vitais para o ser humano. Diante disso, torna-se necessário compatibilizar a preservação dos recursos naturais com a produção agropecuária. Para a manutenção da saúde ambiental de uma microbacia hidrográfica submetida à produção agrícola, as matas ciliares, encontradas ao longo das margens da rede de drenagem e ao redor das nascentes, exerce importantes funções do ponto de vista hidrológico, ecológico e geomorfológico. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo geral propor medidas de adequação ambiental para a microbacia da cabeceira do córrego do Taquari (3.260 ha) no município de Leme/SP. Como objetivos específicos teve-se: a) delimitar as Áreas de Preservação Permanente (APP’s) e Reserva Legal (RL), conforme a legislação ambiental vigente e b) realizar uma proposta de adequação ambiental para a microbacia, considerando a sua estrutura fundiária. Através de estudo de caso realizado nesta microbacia, que faz parte do Programa Estadual de Microbacias Hidrográficas do Estado de São Paulo, procurou-se por meio de um banco de dados cartográfico, gerar no final, um mapa de adequação ambiental. A microbacia possui 62,5% de sua área ocupada por cultura de canade- açúcar e 16,6% por culturas anuais, com maior destaque para milho e algodão. Na microbacia existem 71 propriedades rurais, sendo que 51 (71,8%) delas apresentam áreas menores que 30 hectares, se encaixando como...(Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
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Cardoso Island, settled in the south of paulista region, is characterized by its ecological importance due to the great biodiversity of Mata Atlântica and for accommodating several kinds of ecosystems as mangroves, which were considered by UNESCO as human natural ownership. The mangroves are among the most important marine ecosystems, known as warranty of biological productivity and diversity and supply of food and economical resources to the local population. Although the island has been transformed in a state park for preservation, it hasn’t become free from environmental impacts made by antropical activities. This way it was proposed a rebuilt of an evolutionary process in the region, having as an objective to subsidize programs of environmental conservation and planning , aiming to a sustainable development. For this it was used a isobasis methodological analyses where by the drainage channels and its confluences makes relative maps to the different base levels represented by the isobasis, characterizing itself by an attempt to rebuilt the preterit local landscape. There were elaborated eight maps referring to four orders of confluences met in the region of Cardoso Island and round it where you can conclude it is about an appropriate methodology to rebuilt preterits environments that specially aim to actions of environmental planning and conservation.
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Currently, in Brazil, the quantity and quality of new types of wastes, discarded without criteria in urban areas, has been responsible for considerable impacts on public health and the environment. According to a report prepared by the Institute of Applied Economic Research (IPEA), the country loses about U.S. $ 8 billion annually, due lack of waste recycling, which go directly into landfills or dumps. Among these solid wastes are waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE), whose characteristics are complex, by having in its composition substances of high value-added and other health hazards which require different treatment of household waste. Aiming to fill the gap in Brazilian environmental legislation, on 02/08/2010, was sanctioned the National Policy Solid Waste (Law No. 12,305), already regulated on 23/12/2010 (Decree No 7404), whose based on the following principles:reduction of waste generation and toxicity of shared responsibility, proper planning management, social inclusion of waste pickers and sustainable production and consumption. Given the above, this work presented here, aims generally present a diagnosis of the current situation of electronic waste generated in the Faculty of Engineering, Campus Guaratinguetá, FEG / UNESP, to provide data for management and management of these waste, based on sustainability, the economic losses and minimizing environmental impacts and public health related to the flow and the improper disposal of these wastes
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Pipelines are linear construction that intersect several environments, requiring integration of environmental and technical aspects in its various elaboration steps. Environmental impact assessment if made to integrate the environmental information to enable environmental characterization, possibility identify previously fragilities of environment what contributes to the safety forecast of the significant impacts. These studies shall consider superimpose of the elements and the worsening of critical situations that already exists. In this way, meet and analyse informations about the environmental impact assessment, constructive aspects related to pipelines transport and get environmental impact studies of the case studies, providing the student a critical vision for the discussion of the apropiate balance between description and analysis, methodological rigour and the interface between construction and the environmente with inserts. Performing the critical analysis of methodologies and applied criteria for the environmental diagnosis and impact identification, search improve the methodologies for elaboration of environmental impact studies for linear construction, particulary pipelines, minin conflicts and giving security for the license process. Await provide subsidy to direction data collection, for choosing environmental indicator and for the prognosis and indentification of impacts.
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The objective of this work was collect information of articles published previously and carry out a study about them, including contents and interesting stuff that bring growth regarding the construction residues utilization and demolition (RCD), that today provides many environmental impacts. The need of utilization of the RCD in Brazil and in the world earned bigger attention world speaking, therefore the industry of the civil construction is had as one of the biggest present residues output springs. For it present a point that can be applied the RCD, is discussed in that work the kinds and structures of floors, where are presented the layers and, finally, a short argument about the possible and economic feasabilities job of the residues recycled in some layers of the structure of floor
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Com a evolução da humanidade, o homem foi ganhando habilidades das quais, a maior parte, usa para alterar seu próprio hábitat, ou seja, à medida que o homem se distanciou da natureza e começou a evoluir no seu modo de vida, passou a encará-la como uma gama de recursos disponíveis. Frente ao surgimento de tais problemas sócio-ambientais relativamente atuais, torna-se essencial em nossa sociedade a conscientização vinculada à conservação; o uso sem obter como consequência os impactos ambientais. É dentro deste contexto que este projeto de pesquisa ancora-se, tendo a questão ambiental como foco principal. Como um desafio, tornar arquitetura e a educação ambiental elementos que naturalmente se interliguem, ser um processo permanente na sociedade atual. Abolir o pensamento de que diferentes espécies de edificações, com seus diferentes usos, possam gerar conflitos quando atrelados ao conceito de educação ambiental e sua permeabilidade na sociedade. Com base nesse importante fato, surge a seguinte hipótese: se existe algum tipo de arquitetura inadequada a se implantar em um local onde a preocupação com a preservação do meio-ambiente é fator prioritário... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
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The region of the biome Cerrado is under threat due to the replacement of their native areas for expansion of agriculture and livestock. This occupation is responsible for the loss of about 50% of two million square kilometers of original native savannah. The land use, without control or zoning, has caused serious damage to natural resources of this biome, considered as an international hotspot area. As a result, some problems caused by ecological imbalances already topping the urban and rural environments, such as species extinction, water scarcity and desertification. Any occupation in this biome should be evaluated with caution, because this region, besides being considered one of the most productive of Brazil, is also rich in biodiversity and water resources. The understanding of the importance of the Cerrado biome and its remaining areas, allows the preparation of detailed studies of environmental valuation, which is essential for the development of conservation policies, avoiding even greater environmental impacts. To meet the growing demand for food, you can increase productivity through agroforestry, for example, and to preserve the remaining areas, you can create new protected areas and tailor existing units