Caracterização morfológica e frequência dos estádios do ciclo do epitélio seminífero em preás (Galea spixii Wagler, 1831) criados em cativeiro

Estudos baseados nas características testiculares estão altamente relacionados com a eficiência reprodutiva de varias espécies. Assim, o projeto desenvolvido teve como objetivo identificar as células do epitélio seminífero, caracterizar histologicamente suas associações, que formam os estádios, e determinar a frequência destes. Os fragmentos de testículos, com 30, 45, 60, 75, 90, 105, 120, 150 dias foram coletados no Centro de Multiplicação da Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido (UFERSA), Mossoró/ RN. Passando pelos processos de fixação, lavagens em soluções de concentrações crescentes de álcoois (70-100%), desidratação em xilol, inclusão em Histosec®, preparação das lâminas histológicas, colorações em Hematoxilina e Eosina (HE) e suas fotomicrografias para a caracterização dos núcleos celulares do epitélio germinativo e a definição dos oitos estágios do ciclo do epitélio seminífero (CES) baseados no Método da Morfologia Tubular. Das faixas etárias analisadas todos os animais de 90-150 dias de idade apresentaram todos os estádios do CES. Os estádios I e III foram os que apresentaram maior e menor freqüência, respectivamente. Os animais caracterizados como pré-púberes (30 dias), púberes (45-90 dias de idade) e pós-púberes (105150 dias de idade) apresentaram os estádios I, VIII e IV com uma maior freqüência, respectivamente.

Recombinant human endostatin reduces hypertrophic scar formation in rabbit ear model through down- regulation of VEGF and TIMP-1.

Background: Recombinant human endostatin (Endostar) has been widely used to suppress angiogenesis in carcinoma patients. Hypertrophic scar (HS) tissue, much like a carcinoma, is often associated with angiogenesis. However, there have been few studies conducted on the effects of Endostar on HS or its mechanism. Objective: This paper investigated the effects Endostar on the HS of rabbit ears and studied the effects of Endostar on VEGF and TIMP-1 expression. Methods: Sixteen New Zealand white rabbits were used to establish HS models. Then, rabbit ears containing HS were randomly assigned to either the Endostar group or the control group. The changes of appearance and histology were evaluated using the naked eye, hematoxylin eosin staining, and a scar elevation index. The VEGF and TIMP-1 expressions were detected by immunohistochemical staining, RT-PCR, and western blot. Results: The thickness of the connective tissue in the Endostar group were thinner, the numbers of micro vessels and fibroblasts were fewer, and the collagen fibers were smoother. Moreover, the mRNA and protein expressions of VEGF and TIMP-1 in the Endostar group were significantly lower than those in the control group. Conclusion: The results suggested that Endostar reduced the formation of HS by down-regulation of VEGF and TIMP-1 expressions.

Evaluation of Calretinin as a New Marker in the Diagnosis of Hirschsprung Disease

Background: Hirschsprung’s disease (HD) is a congenital intestinal motility disorder with absence of ganglion cells in the colonic wall. Diagnosis of the disease is mainly based on the identification of the lack of ganglion cells in the pathology sections of the colon which is very difficult and time consuming and also needs several serial cut sections. There are many proposed markers in this field in the literature but none of them has been satisfactory. Calretinin immunohistochemistry (IHC) has been introduced as a new diagnostic marker to overcome the problems in diagnosis of this disease about 5 years ago. However there are few studies regarding the benefits and pitfalls of this marker. Objectives: The aim of this study is to determine the diagnostic value of calretinin IHC in detecting aganglionosis (HD). Patients and Methods: 27 HD patients and 28 non-Hirschsprung’s disease (NHD) patients were collected in a prospective study and calretinin IHC was performed on 31 aganglionic and 51 normoganglionic full wall thickness sections of colectomies (some of the cases had more than 1 section). The IHC slides were evaluated by two pathologists and the diagnostic value was calculated in comparison with gold standard which is the presence or absence of ganglion cells in serial Hematoxylin and Eosin (HE) stained sections of the colectomies. Results: There was great concordance between the final diagnosis of both pathologists and gold standard (k > 0.9). Calretinin immunostaining showed 100% specificity and positive predictive value and more than 90% sensitivity and negative predictive value. High agreement was present between the two pathologists (k > 0.9). Conclusions: Calretinin IHC is a very convenient, useful and valuable method to demonstrate aganglionosis in HD patients. Loss of calretinin immunostaining in lamina propria and submucosa is characteristic of HD.

Histopatologia de fígado, rim e baço de piaractus mesopotamicus, prochilodus lineatus e pseudoplatystoma fasciatum parasitados por myxosporídios, capturados no Rio Aquidauana, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil

Este estudo descreveu a histopatologia de rim, baço e fígado de Piaractus mesopotamicus, Prochilodus lineatus e Pseudoplatystoma fasciatum, parasitados por mixosporídios, capturados no Rio Aquidauana, MS. Após necropsia, amostras do fígado, rim cefálico e baço foram colhidas, fixadas em formalina a 10 % tamponada e processadas de acordo com a rotina histológica. Os cortes foram feitos à espessura de 5 μm e corados com hematoxilina-eosina. Foram encontrados Myxobolus porofilus em P. lineatus, M. colossomatis em P. mesopotamicus e Myxobolus spp. nas três espécies de hospedeiros. Cistos de mixosporídios no exame histopatológico foram vistos no fígado e baço de P. mesopotamicus. Mais de 50% das amostras de fígado de P mesopotamicus e P lineatus apresentou hepatodistrofia difusa. Mais de 80 % das amostras de fígado de P. fasciatum apresentou formações hialinas concêntricas e esteatose em 50% das amostras. em 95,23 % das amostras de rins de P. mesopotamicus, foram observadas alterações teciduais, e em mais de 60 % dos casos nefrodistrofia difusa moderada e congestão de sinusóides glomerulares. Alterações teciduais nas amostras de rins de P. lineatus foram observadas em menos de 20 % da amostra. No baço dos peixes ora examinados não foram encontradas lesões dignas de relato.

Sodium metabisulfite-induced changes on testes, spermatogenesis and epididymal morphometric values in adult rats

Background: Sulphites are widely used as a preservative and antioxidant additives in the food and pharmaceutical industries. Many types of biological and toxicological effects of sulphites in multiple organs of mammals have been shown in previous studies. Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of sodium metabisulfite (SMB) on testicular function and morphometric values of epididymis in adult male Wistar rats. Materials and Methods: A total of 32 rats were randomly divided into four groups. The experimental groups received SMB at doses of 10 mg/kg (S10), 100mg/kg (S100), and 260 mg/kg (S260) while an equal volume of normal saline was administered to the control group via gavage. The rats were anaesthetized after 28 days and the left testis with the head of epididimis was excised following abdominal incision for histological observation using hematoxylin and eosin staining. Serum samples were collected for assay of testosterone level. The initial epididymis was analyzed for motility, morphology, and the number of sperms. Result: The results of this study showed that normal morphology, count, and motility of sperms and testosterone level were decreased in the SMB treated groups. In comparison with the control group, SMB resulted in a lower total number of spermatogonia, primary spermatocyte, spermatids, and Leydig cells. Conclusion: It is suggested that SMB decreases the sperm production and has the potential to affect the fertility adversely in male rats.

Toxicidade in vitro e in vivo de quantum dots de carbono recobertos com boronato

Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Animal, 2016.

Maturidade do ovário no cascudo Hypostomus strigaticeps (Siluriformes, Loriicaridae)

This work studied the ovarian development of the armored catfish Hypostomus strigaticeps. Between July 2002 and June 2005, 332 females were collected monthly from the Corumbatai River, São Paulo State [long dash] Brazil. The ovaries were processed using routine histological techniques [long dash] paraffin inclusion and 5 pm thick sections stained in hematoxylin-cosin. Six types of oocytes were observed: Chromatin-nucleolus, Perinncleolar, Cortical-alveolus, Vitellogenic, Ripe and Atresic. Four maturity stages were created based on macroscopic and microscopic morphological observations, as well as on analysis of the gonadossomatic index (GSI): Rest, Maturation, Ripe and Spawned.

Histopathology from liver of tuvira (Gymnotus spp.) parasitized by larvae of nematodes.

Abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate the histological changes in the liver of thirty-five Gymnotus spp. parasitized by endohelminths collected between April 2012 to October 2013 in commercial bait fish farming of Pantanal basin. Histological cuts of 7?m were stained with hematoxylin-eosin for parasites research and liver changes and have also been submitted to the Perls histochemical method for evaluation of hemosiderosis (Fe+++) based on the incidence degree and severity of change (Grade I, II and III) and tests for the presence of central melanomacrophages. Parasites identified were: Brevimulticaecum sp. with a prevalence of 22,9%, Eustrongylides sp 17,1%, Contracaecum type I 68,7%, Contracaecum type II 5,7%, Contracaecum type III 5,7% and larvae of Anisakidae 11,4%. Histological analysis showed intense disorganization of hepatic parenchyma with degenerate hepatocytes due to high parasitic infection, changes that can be deleterious and compromise the organism functioning, being harmful to the health of evaluated animals. Also evidencing normal tissue interleaved with different stages of Fe+++ deposit in grades II and III, injuring or destroing the cell. Histopathological changes in the tuvira?s liver suggested a chronic response and the development of a balance relation between tuvira and parasitism by endohelminth identified in this study. There are also a testimony to the health condition of commercial bait fish farming on current ecosystem conditions.