994 resultados para endogenous variables


Relevância:

20.00% 20.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

Tesis (Maestría en Ciencias de la Ingeniería Mecánica con Especialidad en Materiales) U.A.N.L.

Relevância:

20.00% 20.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

Tesis (Maestro en Ciencias de la Ingeniería de Manufactura con Especialidad en Automatización) U.A.N.L.

Relevância:

20.00% 20.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

Tesis (Maestro en Ciencias de la Ingeniería de Manufactura con Especialidad en Automatización) - Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Facultad de Ingeniería Mecánica y Eléctrica.

Relevância:

20.00% 20.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

Tesis (Maestría en Ciencias de la Ingeniería Mecánica con Especialidad en Materiales) UANL, 2011.

Relevância:

20.00% 20.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

Tesis (Maestría en Ciencias) UANL, 2012.

Relevância:

20.00% 20.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

CD4+ T lymphocytes play an important role in CD8+ T cell-mediated responses against tumors. Considering that about 20% of melanomas express major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II, it is plausible that concomitant antigenic presentation by MHC class I and class II complexes shapes positive (helper T cells) or negative (regulatory T cells) anti-tumor responses. Interestingly, gp100, a melanoma antigen, can be presented by both MHC class I and class II when expressed endogenously, suggesting that it can reach endosomal/MHC class II compartments (MIIC). Here, we demonstrated that the gp100 putative amino-terminal signal sequence and the last 70 residues in carboxy-terminus, are essential for MIIC localization and MHC class II presentation. Confocal microscopy analyses confirmed that gp100 was localized in LAMP-1+ endosomal/MIIC. Gp100-targeting sequences were characterized by deleting different sections in the carboxy-terminus (residues 590 to 661). Transfection in 293T cells, expressing MHC class I and class II molecules, revealed that specific deletions in carboxy-terminus resulted in decreased MHC class II presentation, without effects on MHC class I presentation, suggesting a role in MIIC trafficking for these deleted sections. Then, we used these gp100-targeting sequences to mobilize the green fluorescent protein (GFP) to endosomal compartments, and to allow MHC class II and class I presentation of minimal endogenous epitopes. Thus, we concluded that these specific sequences are MIIC targeting motifs. Consequently, these sequences could be included in expression cassettes for endogenously expressed tumor or viral antigens to promote MHC class II and class I presentation and optimize in vivo T cell responses, or as an in vitro tool for characterization of new MHC class II epitopes.

Relevância:

20.00% 20.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

This paper assesses the empirical performance of an intertemporal option pricing model with latent variables which generalizes the Hull-White stochastic volatility formula. Using this generalized formula in an ad-hoc fashion to extract two implicit parameters and forecast next day S&P 500 option prices, we obtain similar pricing errors than with implied volatility alone as in the Hull-White case. When we specialize this model to an equilibrium recursive utility model, we show through simulations that option prices are more informative than stock prices about the structural parameters of the model. We also show that a simple method of moments with a panel of option prices provides good estimates of the parameters of the model. This lays the ground for an empirical assessment of this equilibrium model with S&P 500 option prices in terms of pricing errors.

Relevância:

20.00% 20.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

This paper addresses the question of whether R&D should be carried out by an independent research unit or be produced in-house by the firm marketing the innovation. We define two organizational structures. In an integrated structure, the firm that markets the innovation also carries out and finances research leading to the innovation. In an independent structure, the firm that markets the innovation buys it from an independent research unit which is financed externally. We compare the two structures under the assumption that the research unit has some private information about the real cost of developing the new product. When development costs are negatively correlated with revenues from the innovation, the integrated structure dominates. The independent structure dominates in the opposite case.