Qualidade de sementes de limão-cravo (Citrus limonia Osbeck) durante o armazenamento

Um dos maiores problemas enfrentados na citricultura durante o processo de formação de mudas é a germinação lenta e a baixa longevidade das sementes. Fatores como o teor de água das sementes, temperatura do ambiente e tipo de embalagem podem influenciar na viabilidade das sementes, durante o armazenamento. Assim, objetivou-se avaliar o comportamento das sementes de limão-cravo tratadas ou não com fungicidas, acondicionadas com quatro teores de água e em três tipos de embalagens durante o armazenamento. Após colhidos, os frutos foram despolpados mecanicamente e as sementes degomadas. Para atingir os teores de água desejados de 44, 27, 13 e 9%, as sementes foram submetidas à secagem na sombra. Parte das amostras das sementes foi tratada com a mistura dos fungicidas Tecto 100 (200g/100kg de sementes) e Captan 75 (300g/100kg de sementes) e a outra parte não recebeu tratamento. Em seguida, as sementes foram acondicionadas em embalagem impermeável, semipermeável e permeável e armazenadas em condições ambiente e de câmara fria por um período de nove meses. Em intervalos trimestrais foram realizados os testes de germinação, envelhecimento acelerado, teor de água e sanidade. As sementes de limão-cravo comportaram-se como recalcitrantes a partir de sexto mês de armazenamento, principalmente, para as amostras acondicionadas em embalagens semipermeável e permeável e armazenadas em condição ambiente. As melhores condições para a conservação das sementes de limão-cravo foram o acondicionamento com 44 e 27% de teor de água em embalagem impermeável e em câmara fria. Recomenda-se, também, o tratamento fungicida das sementes, no momento do armazenamento para maior segurança na manutenção da qualidade fisiológica.

Osmotic priming methodologies in relation to the physiological performance of rangpur lime seeds (Citrus limonia Osbeck)

Several mechanisms have been used to promote rapid germination of citrus seeds and uniform seedling emergence. We evaluated the effects of osmotic priming on the physiological performance of Rangpur lime seeds (Citrus limonia Osbeck). Seeds were treated with 30 g of Captan and 10 g of Tecto 600 in 20-litre batches and stored, without drying, at 10 ºC and 50% relative humidity for periods of 3, 6 and 9 months. After each period, seeds were primed at 25 ºC, in the light, by immersion in Poliethylenoglicol (PEG 6000), potassium nitrate (KNO3) and 70% PEG 6000 plus 30% KNO3, all at an osmotic potential of -1.1MPa, for priming periods of 3, 6, 9 and 12 days. Percentage germination, tray emergence and the emergence rate index (ERI) were evaluated. Priming in PEG 6000 solution, independent of priming period, or in KNO3 or PEG 6000 plus KNO3 for up to 9 days, were efficient at improving the physiological performance of seeds stored for up to 3 months. Osmotic priming appears to be a promising technique for improving the physiological quality of Rangpur lemon seeds.

Modelling the exothermic heat and the demand of cooling in paper and pulp industry biological wastewater treatment

This master thesis presents a study on the requisite cooling of an activated sludge process in paper and pulp industry. The energy consumption of paper and pulp industry and it’s wastewater treatment plant in particular is relatively high. It is therefore useful to understand the wastewater treatment process of such industries. The activated sludge process is a biological mechanism which degrades carbonaceous compounds that are present in waste. The modified activated sludge model constructed here aims to imitate the bio-kinetics of an activated sludge process. However, due to the complicated non-linear behavior of the biological process, modelling this system is laborious and intriguing. We attempt to find a system solution first using steady-state modelling of Activated Sludge Model number 1 (ASM1), approached by Euler’s method and an ordinary differential equation solver. Furthermore, an enthalpy study of paper and pulp industry’s vital pollutants was carried out and applied to revise the temperature shift over a period of time to formulate the operation of cooling water. This finding will lead to a forecast of the plant process execution in a cost-effective manner and management of effluent efficiency. The final stage of the thesis was achieved by optimizing the steady state of ASM1.

Regeneración in vitro de naranja agrio (Citrus aurantium Linn)

Tesis (Maestría en Ciencias con Especialidad en Química de Productos Naturales) UANL

Efecto de patrones de cítricos tolerantes al virus tristeza de los cítricos en el contenido nutrimental en naranja valencia (Citrus sinensis. Osbeck)

Tesis (Maestría en Ciencias con Especialidad en Producción Agrícola) UANL

Producción forzada de naranja valencia (citrus sinensis) en la región de Montemorelos, Nuevo León

Tesis (Maestría en Ciencias en Producción Agrícola) UANL

Aislamiento, caracterización y evaluación biológica de los constituyentes antituberculosos de la cáscara de citrus aurantifolia.

Tesis (Maestría en Ciencias con Orientación en Farmacia) UANL, 2011.

Efecto de la fertilización orgánica y sintética en el rendimiento y calidad de fruta de toronja (citrus paradisi macf) .

Tesis (Maestría en Ciencias en Producción Agrícola) UANL, 2013.

Criopreservación de brotes apicales de Citrus sinensis mediante la técnica de Encapsulación-Vitrificación-Deshidratación

Tesis ( Doctor en Ciencias Biológicas) U.A.N.L.

Production and Characterization of Endocylanase from Bacillus Pumilus Using Solidstate Fermentation and its Application in 'Paper Pulp Processing

In the present studies it is clear that Bacillus pumilus xylanase is having the characteristic suited for an industrial enzyme (xylanases that are active and stable at elevated temperatures and alkaline pH are needed). SSF production of xylanases and its application appears to be an innovative technology where the fermented substrate is the enzyme source that is used directly in the bleaching process without a prior downstream processing. The direct use of SSF enzymes in bleaching is a relatively new biobleaching approach. This can certainly benefit the bleaching process to lower the xylanase production costs and improve the economics and viability of the biobleaching technology. The application of enzymes to the bleaching process has been considered as an environmentally friendly approach that can reduce the negative impact on the environment exerted by the use of chlorine-based bleaching agents. It has been demonstrated that pretreatment of kraft pulp with xylanase prior to bleaching (biobleaching) can facilitate subsequent removal of lignin by bleaching chemicals, thereby, reducing the demand for elemental chlorine or improving final paper brightness. Using this xylanase pre-treatment, has resulted in an increased of brightness (8.5 Unit) when compared to non-enzymatic treated bleached pulp prepared using identical conditions. Reduction of the consumption of active chlorine can be achieved which results in a decrease in the toxicity, colour, chloride and absorbable organic halogen (AOX) levels of bleaching effluents. The xylanase treatment improves drainage, strength properties and the fragility of pulps, and also increases the brightness of pulps. This positive result shows that enzyme pre-treatment facilitates the removal of chromophore fragments of pulp there by making the process more environment friendly

Studies on pulp propogation in single mode optical fibres

Studies on pulse propagation in single mode optical fibers have attracted interest from a wide area of science and technology as they have laid down the foundation for an in-depth understanding of the underlying physical principles, especially in the field of optical telecommunications. The foremost among them is discovery of the optical soliton which is considered to be one of the most significant events of the twentieth century owing to its fantastic ability to propagate undistorted over long distances and to remain unaflected after collision with each other. To exploit the important propertia of optical solitons, innovative mathematical models which take into account proper physical properties of the single mode optical fibers demand special attention. This thesis contains a theoretical analysis of the studies on soliton pulse propagation in single mode optical fibers.

As pulp magazines

Este texto pretende traçar a génese, evolução e desaparecimento de um género literário, considerado menor por não se inserir no chamado cânone literário devido ao seu cariz marcadamente popular, tanto ao nível do enredo simples das obras como do estilo de escrita desenvolvido pelos autores.