Arte, industrias culturales y cambio de matriz productiva: apuntes para el debate (Tema Central)

Este trabajo busca discutir cómo se plantea desde el Estado el campo cultural en relación al cambio de matriz productiva. Las industrias culturales aparecen como la forma que tiene la cultura de aportar a los procesos económicos del país. A partir de una discusión sobre el arte contemporáneo, en este artículo se analizará la relación entre cultura, economía y transformación social.

El espacio urbano, el transeúnte y lo efímero: reflexión sobre los nuevos horizontes del debate (Tema Central)

La pregunta por el espacio público, la vida cotidiana y los intersticios que se erigen en los avatares del diario vivir, han tenido revuelo en las investigaciones sobre la sociedad y la manera en qué esta se comprende. Es así que el presente documento da cuenta de los aportes que en el marco de esta discusión han realizado Michel de Certeau, Isaac Joseph, Zygmunt Bauman y Jesús Martín-Barbero. Por medio del acercamiento a algunos textos de los autores señalados se indicarán las propuestas más sólidas y las reflexiones más desarrolladas sobre el espacio urbano y la percepción del transeúnte que, como se verá, dan cobijo a nuevas consideraciones sobre el “estar” en la ciudad.

Museos de historia y producción de conocimientos: cuestiones para el debate (Debates)

The article thinks over the role of museums in the construction of scientific and historical representations and as a space that connects the forms of visualizing the past and the construction of historic knowledge. Also analyzes the museum as a setting of tension between the visualization and the generation of scientific or historical knowledge; and between the forms of evoking-representing and the sensitive cognitive processes that it activates in museum audiences. This oscillation takes place in the Museo Paulista.

Gold mining in Ghana's forest reserves: a report on the current debate

This paper examines the debate surrounding a recent decision made by the Ghanaian government to permit gold exploration - and potentially, mining - in 'protected' forest reserves. In 2001, four mining companies were awarded mineral exploration concessions in forested regions of the country, and have since put forward applications to mine for gold. Notwithstanding the sharp divide in opinion on the issue, the continued uncertainty surrounding the implications of the proposed activities makes further research on the ground imperative in the short term. Work aiming to elicit indigenous perspectives on the projects, as well as research that facilitates dialogue between and/or among stakeholder parties, should be prioritized.

Fungicide resistance: the dose rate debate

It makes economic sense to use as little fungicide as possible on a crop. In many settings, it is common to apply less than the manufacturer's recommended dose. If sources of disease are scarce, or conditions are unsuitable for it to increase, the reduced control from a low dose may be adequate. In other cases, a big reduction in dose may cause little reduction in control, again permitting savings - especially for growers prepared to run a little risk. But the label recommendations for most fungicides state that to avoid resistance, a full dose must always be used. Are individual cost-savings therefore endangering everyone's access to an exceptionally useful tool? The emergence of fungicide resistance is evolution in action. In all cases, it involves the genetic replacement of the original susceptible population of the pathogen by a new population with genetically distinct biochemistry, which confers resistance. The resistant biochemistry originates in rare genetic mutations, so rare that initially the population is hardly altered. Replacement of susceptible forms by resistant ones happens because, with fungicide present, the resistant form multiplies more rapidly than the susceptible form. The key point to notice is that only the relative rates of multiplication of the resistant and susceptible types are involved in the evolution of resistance. The absolute rates are irrelevant.

Untangling rhetoric and reality in the CSR debate – the role of corporate social responsibility in effective business strategy

While there is a strong moral case for corporate social responsibility (CSR), the business case for CSR is certainly not irrefutable. A better understanding of how to integrate CSR into business strategy is needed but with ever increasing momentum towards sustainability as a business driver, it is often difficult to untangle the rhetoric from reality in the CSR debate. Through an analysis of eight case studies of leading firms from throughout the construction supply chain who claim to engage in CSR, we explore how consulting and contracting firms in the construction and engineering industries integrate CSR into their business strategy. Findings point to an inherent caution of moving beyond compliance and to a risk-averse culture which adopts very narrow definitions of success. We conclude that until this culture changes or the industry is forced by clients or regulation to change, the idea of CSR will continue to mean achieving economic measures of success, with ecological goals a second regulated priority and social goals a distant third.