Nessus und wilder Andres : Kentauren im Berner Oberland? Etymologische Versuche zu den fünf Namen des Berges Niesen im Bericht des Humanisten Benedikt Aretius von 1561

Zusammenfassung: Der Zürcher Universalgelehrte Konrad Gessner (1516-1565) war die zentrale Figur einer Welle der Bergbegeisterung, die knapp zweihundert Jahre vor Albrecht von Hallers Epoche machendem Lehrgedicht 'Die Alpen' theologische, philologische und naturwissenschaftliche Lebensentwürfe verband und sich an den Wundern der Gebirgsland-schaft berauschte. In diesen Umkreis gehört der Bericht des Berner Humanisten Benedikt Aretius über die Besteigung der beiden Voralpengipfel Stockhorn und Niesen im Jahr 1557. Die nachfolgenden Überlegungen zu den darin genannten Namen für den Berg Niesen (Nessus, Niesen, Jesen, Stalden, Zum wilden Andres) zeigen, dass Aretius Ausführungen hauptsächlich als Hommage an den Zeitgeist und an den Freund Konrad Gessner zu lesen sind – auch und vor allem die darin enthaltenen etymologischen Versuche und Anspielungen.

Hypoglycemia is associated with increased mortality in patients with acute decompensated liver cirrhosis

PRINCIPALS The liver plays an important role in glucose metabolism, in terms of glucolysis and gluconeogenesis. Several studies have shown that hyperglycemia in patients with liver cirrhosis is associated with progression of the liver disease and increased mortality. However, no study has ever targeted the influence of hypoglycemia. The aim of this study was to assess the association of glucose disturbances with outcome in patients presenting to the emergency department with acute decompensated liver cirrhosis. METHODS Our retrospective data analysis comprised adult (≥16 years) patients admitted to our emergency department between January 1, 2002, and December 31, 2012, with the primary diagnosis of decompensated liver cirrhosis. RESULTS A total of 312 patients were eligible for study inclusion. Two hundred thirty-one (74.0%) patients were male; 81 (26.0%) were female. The median age was 57 years (range, 51-65 years). Overall, 89 (28.5%) of our patients had acute glucose disturbances; 49 (15.7%) of our patients were hypoglycemic and 40 (12.8%) were hyperglycemic. Patients with hypoglycemia were significantly more often admitted to the intensive care unit than hyperglycemic patients (20.4% vs 10.8%, P < .015) or than normoglycemic patients (20.4% vs 10.3%, P < .011), and they significantly more often died in the hospital (28.6% hypoglycemic vs 7.5% hyperglycemic, P < .024; 28.6% hypoglycemic vs 10.3% normoglycemic P < .049). Survival analysis showed a significantly lower estimated survival for hypoglycemic patients (36 days) than for normoglycemic patients (54 days) or hyperglycemic patients (45 days; hypoglycemic vs hyperglycemic, P < .019; hypoglycemic vs normoglycemic, P < .007; hyperglycemic vs normoglycemic, P < .477). CONCLUSION Hypoglycemia is associated with increased mortality in patients with acute decompensated liver cirrhosis. It is not yet clear whether hypoglycemia is jointly responsible for the increased short-term mortality of patients with acute decompensated liver cirrhosis or is only a consequence of the severity of the disease or the complications.

High-Sensitive Troponin Measurement in Emergency Department Patients Presenting with Syncope: A Retrospective Analysis

OBJECTIVE To study the relevance of high-sensitive troponin measurements in the acute workup in patients admitted to the emergency department of a large university hospital due to syncope. METHODS In this retrospective study all patients admitted to the emergency department because of syncope of the Inselspital, University Hospital Bern between 01 August 2010 and 31 October 2012, with serial determination of high-sensitive troponin (baseline and three hours control) were included. Of all identified patients we obtained data on demographics, laboratory data, ECG as well as on outcome. A change in high-sensitive troponin in the three hours control of +/-30% compared to baseline was considered significant. RESULTS A total of 121 patients with a mean age of 67 years (SD 16) were included in the study. 79 patients (65%) were male and 42 (35%) were female. There was no significant difference in the median high sensitive-troponin level at baseline and in the three hours control (0.01 mcg/L [0.003 to 0.022] versus 0.011 mcg/L [0.003 to 0.022], p = 0.47). Median percent change in high-sensitive troponin level between baseline and control was 0% (-9.1 to 5). 51 patients (42%) had elevated high-sensitive troponin levels at baseline with 7 patients (6%) showing a dynamic of +/-30% change from the baseline measurement in the 3 hours control. 3 of these patients received coronary angiography due to the dynamic in high-sensitive troponin, none of whom needed intervention for coronary revascularization. CONCLUSIONS On basis of the current study, where no single patient took benefit from determination of high-sensitive troponin, measurement of cardiac troponins should be reserved for patients with syncope presenting with symptoms suggestive for the presence of an acute cardiac syndrome.

Ein Wort zur Zeit bei der ersten im neuen israelitischen Cultus-Tempel vorgenommenen Confirmation am 22. Juni 1858 durch Adolph Jellinek

Verf. von Isaak Grünberger

Die Emanzipation der Israeliten : eine Forderung der Gerechtigkeit, Staatsweisheit, Humanität und rettenden Liebe ; aus d. Gesichtspunkt der Religion, Nationalität, Moralität u. d. christl. Staates betrachtet

von G. F. Schlatter

La France, l'Allemagne et les juifs : (1789-1915) ; antisemitisme et pangermanisme

par Paul Raphael

Die neueste Geschichte des jüdischen Volkes : 1789 -1914

von S. M. Dubnow