Expert study: A bolus calculator improves glycemic control and quality of life of type 1 diabetic patients (T1DM) (preliminary results)

Aims: To evaluate the impact on glycemic control and quality of life of a bolus calculator. Methods: Multicentre randomized prospective crosssectional study. Patients were randomized to control phase (3 months; calculation of prandial insulin according to insulinto-carbohydrate ratio and insulin sensitivity factor using a single strip meter) or intervention phase (3 months; calculation of prandial insulin with a bolus advisor), with a washout period (3 months). Patients wore a continuous glucosensor (7 days) and answered a quality of life questionnaire at the beginning and at the end of each phase. A questionnaire of satisfaction was obtained at the end of both phases. Inclusion criteria: Adults; T1DM> 1 year, HbA1c > 7.5%, basal-bolus therapy with insulin analogs, experience with carbohydrate Results: Data from the first 32 subjects with at least 1 ended phase (27 females, age 38 – 11 years, diabetes duration 16.8 – 7.5 years). Basal characteristics were comparable independently of the starting phase. No differences were found between phases in terms of mean blood glucose, standard deviation (from meter neither from sensor) and satisfaction. Conclusions: The use of a bolus calculator improves glycemic control and quality of life of T1DM subjects.

Índice de qualidade de vida de Ferrans e Powers

Este artigo tem como objetivos descrever os processos de desenvolvimento conceitual e metodológico utilizados na criação do instrumento Ferrans and Powers Quality of Life Index (QLI) e disponibilizar a versão genérica atual adaptada para o português, visando ampliar a disseminação do seu uso em diferentes contextos e amostras da população brasileira. O QLI avalia a qualidade de vida de acordo com os níveis de satisfação e de importância atribuídos a quatro dimensões: Saúde/funcionamento, Psicológico/espiritual, Socioeconômico e Família. Aplicações prévias da versão em português (Índice de Qualidade de Vida de Ferrans e Powers) têm demonstrado que o instrumento pode ser utilizado em nosso meio como uma medida válida e confiável de qualidade de vida.

Assessment of needs, health-related quality of life, and satisfaction with care in breast cancer patients to better target supportive care.

BACKGROUND: This study assessed whether breast cancer (BC) patients express similar levels of needs for equivalent severity of symptoms, functioning difficulties, or degrees of satisfaction with care aspects. BC patients who did (or not) report needs in spite of similar difficulties were identified among their sociodemographic or clinical characteristics. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Three hundred and eighty-four (73% response rate) BC patients recruited in ambulatory or surgery hospital services completed the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life questionnaire (EORTC QLQ)-C30 quality of life [health-related quality of life (HRQOL)], the EORTC IN-PATSAT32 (in-patient) or OUT-PATSAT35 (out-patient) satisfaction with care, and the supportive care needs survey short form 34-item (SCNS-SF34) measures. RESULTS: HRQOL or satisfaction with care scale scores explained 41%, 45%, 40% and 22% of variance in, respectively, psychological, physical/daily living needs, information/health system, and care/support needs (P < 0.001). BC patients' education level, having children, hospital service attendance, and anxiety/depression levels significantly predicted differences in psychological needs relative to corresponding difficulties (adjusted R(2) = 0.11). Medical history and anxiety/depression levels significantly predicted differences in information/health system needs relative to degrees of satisfaction with doctors, nurses, or radiotherapy technicians and general satisfaction (adjusted R(2) = 0.12). Unmet needs were most prevalent in the psychological domains across hospital services. CONCLUSIONS: Assessment of needs, HRQOL, and satisfaction with care highlights the subgroups of BC patients requiring better supportive care targeting.

O turismo e a percepção dos seus impactes pela comunidade local : o caso da Ilha do Sal, Cabo Verde

The traditional analysis of tourism, having in mind only its economic impacts has been shown to be reductive and insufficient to explain the numerous and versatile modifications these can and will stimulate in a society at many levels, e.g. socially, culturally, politically and in the environment. The complexity of touristic activities and the insufficient measuring instruments that can provide exact data about these, gives terrain to the emergence of myths and value judgments around the effects in countries where tourism is a reality. This study aims at understanding how the impacts of tourism are grasped by the local community in Sal island – Cape Verde – convinced as we are that a quality and sustainable touristic offer can only be done by trialing the population, and involving them in the planning, managing and monitoring processes. The analysis of the perception of the impacts of touristic activities by the population tells us a lot about the levels of satisfaction of such communities towards the way in which the touristic development has been carried out in their surroundings. This study has been made through the inquiry of 231 locals, by means of a questionnaire, that showed that the population in this island has a very clear conscience of the impacts of tourism in their day-to-day lives. Conclusions drawn are that the negative economic and social impacts are greater than the positive; the cultural and environmental impacts are not so significant, and that the people feel that their voice has not been heard in what planning touristic activities is concerned. Nevertheless, they have high expectations regarding tourism as a way of ameliorating their life conditions. The inexistence of a linear behavior of impacts of touristic activities in the receptive countries and a perfect and adjustable model for tourism development make these countries delineate new politics aiming at the sustainability and the creation of conditions that help them monitor and mitigate its negative impacts.

O turismo e a percepção dos seus impactes pela comunidade local: o caso da Ilha do Sal, Cabo Verde

A análise tradicional do turismo visando apenas a sua dimensão económica tem-se mostrado redutora e insuficiente para explicar as inúmeras e versáteis alterações que pode provocar a nível social, cultural, político e ambiental. A complexidade da actividade turística e a carência de instrumentos ajustados para avaliar e tornar mensuráveis os seus impactes constituem terreno fértil à emergência de mitos e de juízos de valor em torno dos efeitos por ele causado nos países receptores. A linha orientadora da investigação parte do pressuposto que a actividade turística só faz sentido e se torna viável se proporcionar uma experiência qualitativa aos principais agentes envolvidos: os turistas e os residentes. A tentativa de compreender a forma como os impactes do turismo são percepcionados pela comunidade receptora da ilha do Sal em Cabo Verde está intimamente associado à convicção que um turismo de qualidade e sustentável só é possível auscultando a população e envolvendo-a no planeamento, gestão e monitorização da actividade. A análise da percepção dos impactes da actividade turística por parte da comunidade desemboca indirectamente no conhecimento dos níveis de satisfação da comunidade em relação à forma como se tem realizado o desenvolvimento turístico na ilha. No âmbito do trabalho de investigação foram realizados duzentos e trinta e um questionários cujos resultados da investigação levam a acreditar que a comunidade local salense possui uma clara consciência dos impactes do turismo no seu quotidiano. Verifica-se que a percepção dos impactes económicos e sociais negativos reúnem maior consenso que os impactes positivos. Os impactes culturais e ambientais são ainda pouco perceptíveis por parte dos inquiridos. Por outro lado, os inquiridos na sua generalidade não se sentem envolvidos no planeamento da actividade turística, embora haja elevadas expectativas em relação à actividade como forma de melhoria das condições de vida da população. A inexistência de um comportamento linear dos impactes da actividade turística no destino e de um modelo de desenvolvimento turístico perfeito e ajustável a todas as realidades obriga a que sejam delineados por parte dos países receptores políticas de planeamento visando a sustentabilidade e condições para a monitorização e mitigação dos seus impactes.

O turismo e a percepção dos seus impactes pela comunidade local : o caso da Ilha do Sal, Cabo Verde

The traditional analysis of tourism, having in mind only its economic impacts has been shown to be reductive and insufficient to explain the numerous and versatile modifications these can and will stimulate in a society at many levels, e.g. socially, culturally, politically and in the environment. The complexity of touristic activities and the insufficient measuring instruments that can provide exact data about these, gives terrain to the emergence of myths and value judgments around the effects in countries where tourism is a reality. This study aims at understanding how the impacts of tourism are grasped by the local community in Sal island – Cape Verde – convinced as we are that a quality and sustainable touristic offer can only be done by trialing the population, and involving them in the planning, managing and monitoring processes. The analysis of the perception of the impacts of touristic activities by the population tells us a lot about the levels of satisfaction of such communities towards the way in which the touristic development has been carried out in their surroundings. This study has been made through the inquiry of 231 locals, by means of a questionnaire, that showed that the population in this island has a very clear conscience of the impacts of tourism in their day-to-day lives. Conclusions drawn are that the negative economic and social impacts are greater than the positive; the cultural and environmental impacts are not so significant, and that the people feel that their voice has not been heard in what planning touristic activities is concerned. Nevertheless, they have high expectations regarding tourism as a way of ameliorating their life conditions. The inexistence of a linear behavior of impacts of touristic activities in the receptive countries and a perfect and adjustable model for tourism development make these countries delineate new politics aiming at the sustainability and the creation of conditions that help them monitor and mitigate its negative impacts.

Conocer los tsunamis: un seguro de vida = Knowing the tsunamis: an insurance of life

This monographic explain what it happened last December on Indonesia, the origin of the tsunamis, the effects on the coast, tsunami warning system, etc. To finish we want to emphasize the importance that has the knowledge of this phenomenon and the knowledge of the tsunami and earthquake safety rules. This article presents how explain risks in the classroom with examples about myths, legends, survivors’ chronicles, literature etc

Calidad de vida, felicidad y satisfacción con la vida en personas ancianas de 75 años atendidas en un programa de atención domiciliaria

Se objetivó detectar los elementos que participan en la Calidad de Vida (CV) de las personas mayores de 75 años que reciben cuidados domiciliarios. El diseño fue de un estudio de caso. La muestra del estudio la configuraron las personas con 75 años o más, atendidos por el servicio de Atención Domiciliaria del Área Básica de Vilafranca del Penedès (n=26). Las variables fueron: a) datos socio demográficos, b) concepto de CV; c) percepción de CV, d) motivos; e) satisfacción con la vida y aspectos relacionados; f) sentimiento de felicidad. Se aplicó la técnica de la entrevista cara a cara. El 76,9% presentó una buena percepción de CV y los principales elementos relacionados fueron la salud, las relaciones familiares y sociales y la adaptación. La teoría de los roles y la teoría de la desvinculación explican el proceso de adaptación de estos individuos en esa etapa de la vida.

Calidad de vida, felicidad y satisfacción con la vida en personas ancianas de 75 años atendidas en un programa de atención domiciliaria

Se objetivó detectar los elementos que participan en la Calidad de Vida (CV) de las personas mayores de 75 años que reciben cuidados domiciliarios. El diseño fue de un estudio de caso. La muestra del estudio la configuraron las personas con 75 años o más, atendidos por el servicio de Atención Domiciliaria del Área Básica de Vilafranca del Penedès (n=26). Las variables fueron: a) datos socio demográficos, b) concepto de CV; c) percepción de CV, d) motivos; e) satisfacción con la vida y aspectos relacionados; f) sentimiento de felicidad. Se aplicó la técnica de la entrevista cara a cara. El 76,9% presentó una buena percepción de CV y los principales elementos relacionados fueron la salud, las relaciones familiares y sociales y la adaptación. La teoría de los roles y la teoría de la desvinculación explican el proceso de adaptación de estos individuos en esa etapa de la vida.

Calidad de vida y percepción de la desigualdad de la mujer en la ciudad de Girona = Quality of life and inequality perception’s of women in the city of Girona

La igualdad de oportunidades para las mujeres, como factor clave para avanzar en la consecución de calidad de vida preocupa hoy en día a la sociedad en general y alas instituciones en particular. Antes de la elaboración de programas de intervención social es necesario conocer las percepciones de las propias mujeres acerca de sus problemas y de sus necesidades. Siguiendo esta línea de pensamiento presentamos un trabajo empírico en el que analizamos las percepciones de las mujeres de la ciudad de Girona, centrándonos en dos aspectos de manera particular: la percepción de calidad de vida proporcionada por su ciudad y la percepción de desigualdad de oportunidades y/o de discriminación. Los principales resultados, obtenidos a partir de las respuestas a un cuestionario auto-administrado, y proporcionados por una muestra de mujeres seleccionadas aleatoriamente a partir de un muestreo estratificado geográficamente, indican que en general están satisfechas con su ciudad aunque detectamos las principales causas de insatisfacción. Por otra parte, tas principales fuentes de desigualdad se refieren al mundo laboral (menos salario por el mismo trabajo, dificultades de encontrar trabajo si tienen hijos o si son ya mayores), y en la actitud general de la sociedad en el sentido de tener que cumplir el papel que tradicionalmente se les ha asignado

Indicadores sociales y psicosociales de calidad de vida de las personas mayores en un municipio = Social and psychosocial quality of life indicators of older persons in a municipality

A research about the quality of life of the older persons of a municipality starting from the analysis of the perceptions, evaluations and expectations related to concrete spheres of their lives (familiar characteristics, housing, health, nearby environment, activities, needs and dependencies and persons helping them to satisfy needs) is presented. Answers to 1988 questionnaires obtained from two representative samples of older per - sons living in private homes in the city have been analysed: persons over 65 years old and a specific one composed by a sub-sample of the general one, with persons over 75 years living alone. Data shaping contextual indicators related to housing have been analysed. The auto - nomy to drive and the evaluation of on’s health seem to be positive indicators to take in account while sutying quality of life at these ages. Sentinel indicators of the physical and relational conditions in the family and indicators of dependency are analysed as well. The evaluations of the older persons about their own life conditions are also analysed through psychosocial indicators connected to housing, nearby environmenent, their activities andincomes. The results obtained are applicable in order to improve the decision making process in social intervention programmes developed in the field of ageing aiming to take into account their perspectives

Tradução, adaptação e validação da versão brasileira do questionário Utian Quality of Life para avaliação da qualidade de vida no climatério

OBJETIVOTraduzir, realizar a equivalência e validar o questionário Utian Quality of Life(UQOL) para a população brasileira.MÉTODOSParticiparam do estudo mulheres selecionadas aleatoriamente, na fase do climatério, residentes na cidade de Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, localizada na região do nordeste brasileiro. Foram utilizados os questionários UQOL e SF-36, sendo a fase da tradução realizada da língua inglesa para o português por três professores, enquanto que a fase de adaptação da versão traduzida foi feita através da aplicação do questionário a 35 mulheres, que poderiam marcar a opção de resposta "não compreendi a questão"; e para a validação foram usadas as medidas de reprodutibilidade (teste-reteste) e validade de construto, seguindo as normas metodológicas padronizadas internacionalmenteRESULTADOSA versão brasileira foi reconhecida plenamente pela população-alvo, que foi composta por 151 mulheres, devido a nenhuma questão apresentar percentual de "não compreensão" igual ou superior a 20%. Os resultados obtidos para a reprodutibilidade intra e interobservador demonstraram concordância significativa em todos os itens do questionário. Essa versão apresentou consistência acima do critério requerido (>70), demonstrando sua precisão, enquanto que a validade de construto foi obtida através de correlações estatisticamente significativas entre os domínios ocupação, saúde e emocional do UQOL com os domínios do SF-36. O coeficiente alfa de Cronbach para o instrumento como um todo foi de 0,82, representando boa precisão. Análise da correlação item-total demonstrou a homogeneidade da escala.CONCLUSÃOA partir das etapas realizadas, o questionário UQOL foi traduzido e adaptado para aplicação no Brasil, apresentando alta reprodutibilidade e validade. Dessa forma, pode ser incluído e utilizado em estudos brasileiros que visem avaliar a qualidade de vida durante a peri e pós-menopausa.

Acceptance of nanotechnology applications and satisfaction with food-related life in southern Chile

Given the increasing use of nanotechnology in food production and packaging, its acceptance was evaluated in Temuco, Chile, and different consumer segments were identified. Different brands of sunflower oil were used at different prices as a case study. A structured questionnaire was applied to 400 supermarket shoppers. It was determined that brand was more important than nanotechnology application in packaging and food, and more important than price. The consumers preferred an average priced oil with a manufacturer's brand with nanoparticles to reduce cholesterol, and packaging with nanoparticles to increase the shelf life of the product and to prevent the growth of microorganisms. Three consumer segments were distinguished by the cluster analysis. The largest segment (44%) preferred the oil without nanotechnology. The second (35.2%) preferred the oil with nanotechnology in the food and the packaging, and the greatest preference was for packaging with nanoparticles extension in the shelf life of the product. The third segment (20.8%) had similar behavior, but it showed greater preference for the oil with nanoparticles that reduced cholesterol and for the packaging that prevented the growth of bacteria and viruses. The segments differed in terms of their satisfaction with food-related life and lifestyle. It was found that over 50% of the participants preferred oil with nanotechnology applications.