THREE HUNDRED YEARS OF THE ST. PETERSBURG PARADOX

The St. Petersburg Paradox was first presented by Nicholas Bernoulli in 1713. It is related to a gambling game whose mathematical expected payoff is infinite, but no reasonable person would pay more than $25 to play it. In the history, a number of ideas in different areas have been developed to solve this paradox, and this report will mainly focus on mathematical perspective of this paradox. Different ideas and papers will be reviewed, including both classical ones of 18th and 19th century and some latest developments. Each model will be evaluated by simulation using Mathematica.

"Progressiver Islam" im ausgehenden Zarenreich: Das Plädoyer des St. Petersburger Imams und Regierungsbeamten Ataulla Bajazitov (1846-1911) für die Partizipation der Muslime an der modernen Zivilisation

Ataulla Bajazitov (1846-1911) fulfilled a social double role by serving his Tatar community in St. Petersburg as imam and the Russian state as military Muslim ‘cleric’, translator and teacher. By founding Russia���s first monolingual Tatar newspaper, initiating St. Petersburg’s first Friday mosque and presenting scriptural and rational arguments for the compatibility of Islam and the modern Civilization to a Russian-speaking public as early as 1883, he has been a pioneer among the Muslims in Russia in several respects. In contrast though to similar activities of his Russian contemporary, the Krim Tatar Ismail Gasprinskii (1851-1914), Bajazitov’s endeavours have remained almost unnoticed in Western scholarship. Also in Tatarstan, his books have been only recently reprinted. The present study analyzes Bajazitov’s three monographs written in Russian, namely A Response to Ernest Renan’s lecture “Islam and Science” (1883), The Relationship of Islam towards Science and People of Different Faith (1887) and Islam and Progress (1898). There, he exposes many positions that around that time started to become key arguments of Muslim reformers in the Near East for the progressivness of Islam. The study takes also into account reactions to Bajazitov’s monographs by Russian officers in Tashkent who tried to demonstrate the backwardness of Islam, especially Nikolai Petrovič Ostroumov’s (1846-1930) response in his book entitled Quran and Progress – On the intellectual awakening of today’s Russian Muslims (1901/1903).

Haméliz (St. Petersburg) [Illustration] : hebräische politische Tageszeitung

Scan von Monochrom-Mikroform

St. Petersburg

S. B.

St. Petersburg

Mordekay Ben-Ammi

St. Petersburg

A. W.

St. Petersburg

N. G.

St. Petersburg

-r.

Neuaufgefundene hebräische Bibelhandschriften : Bericht an die Kaiserliche Akademie der Wissenschaften zu St. Petersburg

A. Harkavy

Die Recensionen und Versionen des Eldad had-Dânî : nach den alten Drucken von Constantinopel, Mantua und Venedig und den Handschriften von London, Oxford, Parma, Rom, St. Petersburg und Wien

veröffentlicht und kritisch untersucht von Prof. Dr. D. H. Müller, correspondirendem Mitgliede der Kais. Akademie der Wissenschaften

Erscheinungen an den Pflanzen während der Sonnenfinsterniß am 16. (28.) Juli 1851, beobachtet im kaiserlichen botanischen Garten zu St. Petersburg

Von Dr. C. v. Mercklin

St. Thomas-Kirche und -Schule, an welchen J. S. Bach Cantor war

Signatur des Originals: S 36/F02670