A administração precoce de hormônio de crescimento resulta em efeitos deletérios na remodelação ventricular após o infarto agudo do miocárdio

Objective: To assess the effect of growth hormone (GH) on myocardial remodeling in infarcted rats. Methods: This study comprised 24 Wistar rats divided into 3 groups as follows: 1) AMI-GH group - comprising 8 rats that underwent infarction and were treated with GH; 2) AMI group - comprising 8 rats that underwent infarction and received only the diluent of the GH solution; and 3) control group (C group) - comprising 8 rats that underwent simulated infarction. After 30 days, the animals underwent functional study through echocardiography, and the changes in myocardial contractility of the isolated left ventricular (LV) papillary muscle were studied. Results: The echocardiography identified an increase in the diastolic (C=7.32±0.49; AMI=8.50±0.73; AMI-GH=9.34±0.73; P<0.05) and systolic (C=3.38±0.47, AMI=5.16±1.24; AMI-GH=5.96±1.54; P<0.05) diameters (mm) in the LV of the infarcted animals. The AMI-GH group animals had a lower ejection fraction (%) (C=0.9±0.03; AMI=0.76±0.12; AMI-GH=0.72± 0.14; P<0.05 for C vs AMI-GH) compared with those in controls. The study of the isolated left ventricular papillary muscle showed that the AMI-GH group had changes (C=1.50±0.59; AMI= 1.28±0.38; AMI-GH=1.98±0.41; P<0.05 for C vs AMI-GH) only in the tension at rest (TR - g/mm2) and in the time delta for a 50% decrease in the tension developed (TR50, ms) after stimulation with calcium (C=23.75±9.16; AMI=-16.56±14.82; AMI-GH=-4.69±8.39; P<0.05 for C vs AMI-GH) and in the delta of tension developed (TD, g/mm2) after stimulation with isoproterenol (C=0.99±0.17; AMI=0.54±0.62; AMI-GH=0.08±0.75; P<0.05 for C vs AMI-GH) compared with those in control animals. Conclusion: The early administration of GH in the experimental infarction model in rats may result in adverse effects on the process of ventricular remodeling.

Uso da suplementação de LH recombinante na estimulação ovariana com protocolos de FSH recombinante e agonistas do GnRH: Uma revisão da literatura

The purpose of this review was to assess the efficacy of recombinant LH (r-LH) supplementation for controlled ovarian stimulation in recombinant FSH (r-FSH) and GnRH-agonist (GnRH-a) protocol for IVF/ICSI cycles. Search strategies included on-line surveys of databases from 1990 to 2006. Four trials fulfilled the inclusion criteria (Lisi et al. 2002, Humaidan et al. 2004, Marrs et al. 2004, Tarlatzis et al. 2006). When the review was carried out advantages were observed for the r-LH supplementation protocol with respect to a fewer days of stimulation, a fewer total amount of r-FSH administered and a higher serum estradiol levels on the day of hCG administration. However, these differences were not observed in number of oocyte retrieved, number of mature oocytes, clinical pregnancy per oocyte retrieval, implantation and miscarriage rates. Nevertheless, more randomized controlled trials are necessary before evidence-based recommendations regarding exogenous r-LH supplementation in ovarian stimulation protocols with r-FSH and GnRH-a for assisted reproduction treatment can be provided.

O emprego de hormônio luteinizante recombinante associado ao hormônio folículo-estimulante recombinante nos protocolos de estimulação ovariana com antagonista do GnRH

The purpose of this investigation was to verify the efficacy of recombinant LH supplementation for controlled ovarian stimulation in GnRH-antagonist protocol for assisted reproductive technologies cycles. Search strategies included on-line surveys of databases from 1990 to 2006. In this review and meta-analysis, the observed advantages for the LH supplementation protocol were a higher serum estradiol levels on the day of hCG administration and a higher number of mature oocytes. However, there were no differences observed in the total amount of r-FSH administered, days of stimulation, number of oocyte retrieved, the clinical pregnancy rate per oocyte retrieval, the implantation rate and miscarriage rate. This result demonstrates that the association of r-LH with r-FSH may prevent any decrease in estradiol after antagonist administration and a significant higher number of mature oocytes was obtained. Nevertheless, additional randomized controlled trials are needed confirm these observations.

Daytime variations in glucose tolerance in people with impaired glucose tolerance

To determine whether glucose tolerance varies throughout the day in people with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT). We studied 15 healthy IGT, and 18 matched normal glucose tolerant (NGT) individuals. Blood samples were taken every 30-120 min during a 24 h period in which all individuals had three mixed meals and nocturnal sleep. We measured glucose, free fatty acids, specific insulin, intact proinsulin, cortisol and growth hormone. Variable responses were considered as concentrations and areas under the curves. Comparison between the groups was by Student's t-test, Mann-Whitney, and analysis of variance. Higher total glucose response, inappropriate normal total insulin response, and unproportionally increased proinsulin total response were observed in the IGT group. Lower glucose tolerance occurred in IGT after dinner, as in the NGT, and after breakfast associated with increased insulin response after breakfast, and similar proinsulin response after all three meals. IGT had higher glucose response than NGT after breakfast and lunch, similar insulin responses, and increased proinsulin-insulin ratio after all three meals. Data from this study demonstrate that IGT individuals present lower glucose tolerance in the evening, as those with NGT, and in the morning, as reported in patients with type 2 diabetes. © 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Influence of upper-body exercise order on hormonal responses in trained men

The aim of this study was to examine acute hormonal responses after different sequences of an upper-body resistance-exercise session. Twenty men completed 2 sessions (3 sets; 70% 1-repetition maximum; 2 min passive rest between sets) of the same exercises in opposite sequences (larger to smaller vs. smaller to larger muscle-group exercises). Total testosterone (TT), free testosterone (FT), testosterone/cortisol (T/C) ratio, sex-hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), growth hormone (GH), and cortisol (C) concentrations were measured before and immediately after each sequence. The results indicate that the GH concentration increased after both sessions, but the increase was significantly greater (p < 0.05) after the sequence in which larger muscle-group exercises were performed prior to the smaller muscle-group exercises. No differences were observed between sessions for TT, FT, SHBG, C, or the T/C ratio at baseline or immediately after resistance exercise. These results indicate that performing larger muscle-group exercises first in an upper-body resistance-exercise session leads to a significantly greater GH response. This may have been due to the significantly greater exercise volume accomplished. In summary, the findings of this investigation support the common prescriptive recommendation to perform larger-muscle group exercises first during a resistance-exercise session.

Polymorphisms in the ghrelin gene and their associations with milk yield and quality in water buffaloes

Ghrelin is a gastrointestinal hormone that acts in releasing growth hormone and influences the body general metabolism. It has been proposed as a candidate gene for traits such as growth, carcass quality, and milk production of livestock because it influences feed intake. In this context, the aim of this study was to verify the existence of polymorphisms in the ghrelin gene and their associations with milk, fat and protein yield, and percentage in water buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis). A group of 240 animals was studied. Five primer pairs were used and 11 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) were found in the ghrelin gene by sequencing. The animals were genotyped for 8 SNP by PCR-RFLP. The SNP g.960G>A and g.778C>T were associated with fat yield and the SNP g.905T>C was associated with fat yield and percentage and protein percentage. These SNP are located in intronic regions of DNA and may be in noncoding RNA sites or affect transcriptional efciency. The ghrelin gene in buffaloes influences milk fat and protein synthesis. The polymorphisms observed can be used as molecular markers to assist selection. © 2013 American Dairy Science Association.

O efeito de diferentes intervalos de recuperação entre as séries do treinamento com pesos, nas respostas neuromusculares e do hormônio do crescimento, em idosas treinadas

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Estudo clínico e molecular de pacientes com displasia septo-ótica ou deficiência hormonal hipofisária (gene HESX1 e PROP1)

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Participação das vias alfa 2 - adrenérgica, dopaminérgica e gabaérgica no controle da secreção de GH no período pré-púbere de novilhas da raça nelore

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Polimorfismos no gene do hormônio da grelina (GHRL) e suas associações com características de interesse econômico em bovinos da raça Nelore

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Produção leiteira em cabras da raça Saanen: influência dos hormônios cortisol e IGF-I

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Arginina para matrizes suínas primíparas em lactação

With the emergence of new genetic lines due to intense breeding improvement on swine production in recent years, there is the need to adapt more accurately diets for the current sows, which have higher nutritional demands. The use of functional amino acids aimsto optimize the sows production and among these amino acids arginine has excelled. Arginine is involved in several important metabolic pathways, for example, it serves as a substrate forsynthesis of protein, creatine, nitric oxide, polyamines, citrulline, agmatine, ornithine, proline, and glutamate. It also helps to stimulate the secretion of some hormones such as insulin, prolactin, and growth hormone.As arginine plays such important roles, its supplementation has been suggested in lactation feed once it may enhance the development of the mammary gland and milk nutritional profile, thus, providing a better piglet development.Thus, the objective was to evaluate the effect of lactation feed supplementation with L-Arginine on the productive performance of primiparoussows and their respective litter.One hundred forty sows from the same genetic lineage on a commercial farm, located in the city of Oliveira, MG were used in this study, in a completely randomized design with five treatments: control diet without amino acid supplementation and four diets with increasing levels of L-Arginine supplementation (containing 98.5% purity) - 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0%. Each treatment hadtwenty-eight swine sows, and the experimental unit was the sowand its litter.It was used ‘on top’ amino acid supplementation.All data was submitted to variance analysis using the SAEG Software: version 9.1 (SAEG, 2005).The data relating to days of lactation were compared by Tukey test (5%). L-Arginine supplementation levels in lactation feed did not influence (P>0.05) average daily feed intake, body condition variables, and blood parameters of the sows (urea, creatinine, and non-esterified fatty acids) as well as it did not affect the dry matter, crude protein, and amino acid profile of milk and the litter performance. There was effect (P<0.05) of days of lactation on the percentage of crude protein and amino acids in milk, which reduced througout the days of lactation. The L-Arginine supplementation on the lactation diet at levels of 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0% did not influence the sow and its respective litter performance.

Maturação in vitro de ovócitos equinos : comparação entre os meios TCM 199, SOFaa e HTF:BME, e avaliação de FSH bovino, FSH equino e do hormônio de crescimento equino por meio da transferência de ovócitos

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Ontogenia da resposta endócrina em larvas de matrinxã Brycon amazonicus: ênfase nos eixos hipótise-tireóide e hipófise-tecido interrenal

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Treinamento físico aeróbio e o eixo de crescimento GH/IGF-1 em ratos diabéticos experimentais

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)