Occurrence and Distribution of a Diatom-Diazotrophic Cyanobacteria Association during a Trichodesmium Bloom in the Southeastern Arabian Sea

Symbiotic diatom-diazotrophic cyanobacteria association (DDA) of Rhizosolenia hebetata and Rhizosolenia formosa with endosymbiotic cyanobacteria Richelia intracellularis was noticed and documented for the first time during a bloom of the cyanobacterium Trichodesmium erythraeum in the oligotrophic shelf waters along Kochi and Mangalore transects, southeastern Arabian Sea (SEAS), during spring intermonsoon (April 2012). Although the host is frequently seen, the symbiont is rarely reported in the Indian EEZ. The presence of nitrogen-fixing symbiotic association of Rhizosolenia-Richelia along with Trichodesmium erythraeum highlights the significance of DDAs on the nutrient and energy budgets of phytoplankton in the oligotrophic environments of the Arabian Sea during spring intermonsoon

SPATIOTEMPORAL VARIATION AND ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF ACTINOMYCETES ISOLATED FROM HIGH ALTITUDE GRASSLAND SOILS OF TROPICAL MONTANE FOREST – KERALA, INDIA

TThe invention of novel antibiotics and other bioactive microbial metabolites continues to be an important aim in new drug discovery programmes. Actinomycetes have the potential to synthesize lots of diverse biologically vigorous secondary metabolites and in the last decades actinomycetes became the most productive source for antibiotics. Therefore in the present study we analyze the antibacterial activity of the actinomycetes isolated from grassland soil samples of Tropical Montane forest. A total of 33 actinomycete strains isolated were characterized and screened for antibacterial activities using well diffusion method against six specific pathogenic organisms. Identification of the isolates revealed that the majority of them were belonging to Streptomycetes followed by Nocardia, Micromonospora, Pseudonocardia, Streptosporangium, Nocardiopsis and Saccharomonospora. Among the 33 isolates, Gr1 strain showed antagonistic activity against all checked pathogens. Nine strains showed antibacaterial activity against Listeria, Vibrio cholera, Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella typhi and only 2 strains (Gr1and Gr25) showed antagonism to E. coli. The overall percentage of activity of actinomycetes isolates against each pathogenic bacterium was also calculated. While 63.63% of the actinomycetes were antagoinistic against Listeria, Vibrio cholerae, and Bacillus cereus, 60.6% of them were antagonistic to Staphylococcus aureus. Very few isolates (6.06%) showed antibacterial activity against E. coli. In general most of the actinomycetes isolates were antagonistic to grampositive bacteria such as Listeria, Bacillus and Staphylococcus than Gram-negative bacteria Vibrio cholerae, E. coli and Salmonella

Prevalence and distribution of Salmonella serotypes in marketed broiler chickens and processing environment in Coimbatore City of southern India

Broiler chicken is gaining popularity among the consumers of India. Since poultry is recognised as a leading food vehicle for Salmonella contamination, the prevalence and distribution of Salmonella serotypes in broiler chickens and processing environments of retail outlets has been studied. In the present study 214 samples of broiler chicken and 311 environmental samples from cage were analysed for the presence of Salmonella. Of the various body parts of live chicken analysed prevalence varied from 1.4% in cloacca to 6.9% in crop region. Environmental samples from the cage showed higher prevalence of Salmonella ranging from0 to 16.67%. Apart from Salmonella enteritidis, which was the predominant Salmonella serotype in the chickens as well as in the environmental samples, other serotypes such as S. bareilly, S. cerro, S. mbandaka and S. moladewere also encountered. The results of the research calls for strict hygiene standards for retail broiler chicken processing outlets

Water quality variation and nutrient characteristics of Kodungallur-Azhikode Estuary, Kerala, India

Present study focussed on the water quality status in relation to various anthropogenic activities in the Kodungallur- Azhikode Estuary (KAE). Average depth of the estuary was 3.6 ± 0.2 m with maximum of 4.3 ± 0.4 m in the estuarine mouth. Dissolved oxygen showed an average of 5.1±1 mg/l in the water column, whereas the highest BOD value was noticed during monsoon period (3.1 ± 0.8 mg/l) which could be due to high organic enrichment in the water column. pH displayed slightly alkaline condition in most of the stations and it varied from 7.2 ± 0.5 in Station 7 to 7.5 ± 0.5 in Station 1. Salinity in the estuary displayed mixo-mesohaline nature with clear vertical stratification. High river discharge could have resulted in nutrients and silt loading into the estuary, which makes a highly turbid water column particularly during the monsoon period, which limits light penetration and subsequent primary productivity. Turbidity in the water column showed an average of 20.2 ± 15.8 NTU. Estuary was nitrogen limited during post and pre monsoon periods. Nitrate-nitrogen content in the estuarine water gave negative correlation with ammonia.

Presentation about MEDIS and Blackboard

Given on 7 November 2012 in the DCR

Reflections about Complicity and its Application in some Socio Economics Crimes

In Colombia, the definitions of crimes are found in the special part of the Criminal Code. They are set out as though the only way of to commit them was by being the author of the punishable conduct there described. Nevertheless, in the general part of the Criminal Code, we find other forms of criminal responsibility for the conduct described in the special part. Complicity is one of those ways. Although complicity is established in the Criminal Code, it does not appear as a criminal definition and, as such it is ignored or, worse, applied incorrectly. For those reasons, this article tries to reflect upon the validity of complicity. Accordingly, this article analyzes: what is complicity, what is the difference between complicity and co-authorship and how would complicity work in some practical cases related to socio-economic crimes, in which it has being overlooked or, has been used incorrectly. The article concludes that complicity is still valid, and that the correct application of complicity materializes the ideal of justice.

How about feasts and festivities? Web calendar. '¿Qué fiestas y festividades? Calendario web'.

El proyecto realizado trata fundamentalmente de la recogida de información sobre las principales fiestas y fechas del calendario anglosajón, y posterior presentación en forma de página web para su utilización en todos los niveles educativos en que se imparte idioma. Se han podido conocer algunas fiestas y costumbres de la cultura anglosajona y se han entendido y enriquecido los conocimientos de la lengua extranjera. Se han conocido el vocabulario y las expresiones propias de cada una de esas fiestas. Se han consultado e interpretado distintas fuentes: enciclopedias, textos, revistas en lengua inglesa, internet, etc. Se han captado y contrastado las diferencias y/o semejanzas entre la cultura extranjera y su propia cultura en lo que se refiere a fiestas y costumbres relativizando las propias creencias culturales. Se han apreciado y valorado las costumbres distintas a las nuestras para descubrir la propia identidad y enriquecerla. Se han despertado el interés, curiosidad, respeto y tolerancia por otras culturas y otras maneras de entender la vida. Se han publicado el calendario en la intranet del centro y en la web del centro, para que pueda ser consultado por todo el personal del centro como medio para obtener o ampliar información sobre este tema. El grado de implicación de los alumnos en esta actividad, ha sido bastante elevado y se puede valorar positivamente.

The hedgehog : a story about Biff and Chip.

Pertenece a un amplio programa infantil de lectura que abarca distintos niveles de edad y,por tanto,de conocimientos.Se abordan las necesidades de lectura en los niños y la amplia variedad de habilidades que necesitan adquirir para su aprendizaje y, se destaca,también, la importancia de la narración en las historias. El nivel uno se concentra en el lenguaje y la prelectura y sirve para que los niños se familiaricen con los personajes, un grupo de niños de cuatro a seis años de edad y su perro, y con las experiencias que viven.

The big box : a story about Biff and Chip.

Pertenece a un amplio programa infantil de lectura que abarca distintos niveles de edad y, por tanto, de conocimientos. Se abordan las necesidades de lectura en los niños y la amplia variedad de habilidades que necesitan adquirir para su aprendizaje y, se destaca, también, la importancia de la narración en las historias. Este nivel uno se concentra en el lenguaje y la prelectura y sirve para que los niños se familiaricen con los personajes, un grupo de niños de cuatro a seis años de edad y su perro, y con sus experiencias compartidas.

I wonder why the sun rises : and other questions about time and seasons.

Pertenece a una colección que quiere responder a las preguntas que se hacen los jóvenes lectores sobre el tiempo y las estaciones del año. Podemos conocer las respuestas a temas como la duración del día según la época del año, la influencia de la latitud para que haya cuatro o menos estaciones; la creación del calendario, la forma de medir con exactitud el tiempo, la diferencia horaria en los distintos países del mundo.

I wonder why the sun rises : and other questions about time and seasons.

Pertenece a una colección que quiere responder a las preguntas que se hacen los jóvenes lectores sobre el tiempo y las estaciones del año. Podemos conocer las respuestas a temas como la duración del día según la época del año, la influencia de la latitud para que haya cuatro o menos estaciones; la creación del calendario, la forma de medir con exactitud el tiempo, la diferencia horaria en los distintos países del mundo.

I wonder why countries fly flags : and other questions about people and places.

Pertenece a una colección que quiere despertar la curiosidad de los pequeños lectores y desarrollar sus destrezas de lectura. En este caso, se tratan varios conceptos, el de país y el de bandera, ésta como una especie de insignia nacional. También, se explican otros temas, el número de países y de idiomas existentes, las características de algunas ciudades, sus tipos de viviendas, el folclore.

Justification beliefs of violence, myths about love and cyber dating abuse

Resumen tomado de la publicaci??n

Phytobenthic assemblages of Addaia Bay (Menorca, Western Mediterranean): composition and distribution

Study on the composition and distribution of Phytobenthic Assemblages of Addaia Bay (Menorca, Western Mediterranean)